From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Genus of flowering plants
Stillingia is a
plant
genus of the
family
Euphorbiaceae , first described for modern science as a genus in 1767.
[2] The genus is native to
Latin America , the southern
United States , and various islands in the
Pacific and
Indian Oceans .
[1]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6] Toothleaf is a common name for plants in this genus.
[7]
Medical use
Stillingia sylvatica was used by
Native Americans for
syphilis and as a
cathartic ,
diuretic ,
laxative , and
emetic .
[8] In large doses, it causes
vomiting and
diarrhea .
Taxonomy
Species include:
[1]
Stillingia acutifolia - Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras
Stillingia aquatica -
Georgia ,
Florida ,
Alabama ,
S Carolina
Stillingia argutedentata -
Minas Gerais
Stillingia bicarpellaris -
San Luis Potosí ,
Hidalgo ,
Coahuila
Stillingia bodenbenderi -
São Paulo ,
Córdoba
Stillingia dichotoma -
Bahia ,
Rio de Janeiro
Stillingia diphtherina - S Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras
Stillingia dusenii -
Paraná
Stillingia linearifolia - SW USA, N + S
Baja California ,
Sonora ,
Guadalupe I
Stillingia lineata -
Réunion ,
Mauritius ,
Philippines ,
Maluku ,
Lesser Sunda Is ,
Fiji
Stillingia oppositifolia -
Rio Grande do Sul ,
Minas Gerais
Stillingia parvifolia - Peru
Stillingia paucidentata - S
California , SW
Arizona
Stillingia peruviana -
Huancavelica
Stillingia pietatis -
Michoacán
Stillingia querceticola -
Nayarit
Stillingia salpingadenia - Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, N Argentina
Stillingia sanguinolenta - C + S Mexico, Honduras
Stillingia saxatilis -
Bahia ,
Minas Gerais
Stillingia scutellifera - Paraguay,
Misiones
Stillingia spinulosa - SW USA,
Baja California ,
Sonora
Stillingia sylvatica - SE + SC USA
Stillingia tenella - Bolivia,
Jujuy
Stillingia terminalis -
Madagascar
Stillingia texana -
Texas ,
Oklahoma ,
Coahuila
Stillingia trapezoidea -
Piauí
Stillingia treculiana -
Texas ,
Nuevo León ,
Coahuila
Stillingia uleana -
Bahia ,
Minas Gerais
Stillingia zelayensis - C + S Mexico, Central America
Many species formerly in Stillingia have been moved to other genera, including
Actinostemon ,
Adenopeltis ,
Anomostachys ,
Balakata ,
Bonania ,
Ditrysinia ,
Excoecaria ,
Grimmeodendron ,
Gymnanthes ,
Homalanthus ,
Maprounea ,
Microstachys ,
Neoshirakia ,
Sapium ,
Sclerocroton ,
Sebastiania ,
Shirakiopsis ,
Spegazziniophytum ,
Spirostachys , and
Triadica .
[1]
References
^
a
b
c
d
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^
Tropicos, Stillingia Garden ex L.
^
Jepson Manual Treatment
^
Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
^ Webster, G. L. & M.J. Huft. 1988. Revised synopsis of Panamanian Euphorbiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75(3): 1087–1144
^ Martínez Gordillo, M., J. J. Ramírez, R. C. Durán, E. J. Arriaga, R. García, A. Cervantes & R. M. Hernández. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Botánica 73(2): 155–281
^
USDA, NRCS (n.d.).
"Stillingia " . The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov) . Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 3 December 2015 .
^
Native American Ethnobotany