From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Genus of plants
Sophora is a
genus of about 45
species of small
trees and
shrubs in the pea
family Fabaceae. The species have a
pantropical distribution.
[4]
[5] The generic name is derived from sophera , an Arabic name for a pea-flowered tree.
[6]
The genus formerly had a broader interpretation including many other species now treated in other genera, notably
Styphnolobium (
pagoda tree genus), which differs in lacking
nitrogen fixing bacteria (
rhizobia ) on the roots, and
Dermatophyllum (the mescalbeans). Styphnolobium has
galactomannans as seed
polysaccharide reserve, in contrast Sophora contains
arabinogalactans , and Dermatophyllum
amylose .
The New Zealand Sophora species are known as
kowhai .
[7]
The seeds of species such as Sophora affinis and
Sophora chrysophylla are reported to be poisonous.
[8]
Fossil record
One Sophora
fossil seed pod from the middle
Eocene epoch has been described from the Miller clay pit in
Henry County, Tennessee ,
United States .
[9]
Species
Sophora comprises the following species:
[2]
[7]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
Species names with uncertain taxonomic status
The status of the following species is unresolved:
[16]
Sophora angustifolia Q.Q.Liu & H.Y.Ye
Sophora biflora Houtt.
Sophora biflora Retz.
Sophora buxifolia Retz.
Sophora chathamica Cockayne
Sophora coerulea Moench
Sophora cuneifolia Steud.
Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels
Sophora donihuensis Ravenna
Sophora genistaefolia Salisb.
Sophora genistoides L.
Sophora glabra Moench
Sophora glabra Hassk.
Sophora godleyi Heenan & de Lange
Sophora grandiflora (Salisb.) Skottsb.
Sophora grisea O.Deg. & Sherff
Sophora hirsuta Aiton
Sophora houghiana Wall.
Sophora howinsula (W.R.B. Oliv.) P. Green
Sophora jabandas Montrouz.
Sophora juncea Schrad.
Sophora ludovice-Adecim-Asexta Buc'hoz
Sophora mangarevaensis H.St.John
Sophora mecosperma J.St.-Hil.
Sophora molloyi Heenan & de Lange
Sophora molokaiensis O. Degener & I. Degener
Sophora mutabilis Salisb.
Sophora myrtillifolia Retz.
Sophora oblongata P.C.Tsoong
Sophora oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Sophora oligophylla Baker
Sophora pendula Spach
Sophora pentaphylla Desv.
Sophora persica (Boiss. & Buhse) Rech.f.
Sophora praetorulosa Chun & T.C. Chen
Sophora raivavaeensis H.St.John
Sophora rapaensis H.St.John
Sophora robinoides Walp.
Sophora senegalensis Deless. ex DC.
Sophora sibirica Holub
Sophora sinica Rosier
Sophora sinuata
Larrañaga
Sophora sororia Hance
Sophora sumatrana Yakovlev
Sophora sylvatica Burch.
Sophora tetraptera J. Miller
Sophora tiloebsis Blume ex Miq.
Sophora tiloensis Blume ex Miq.
Sophora trifolia Steud.
Sophora triphylla Sweet
Sophora vanioti H. Lév.
Sophora vestita Nakai
Sophora viciifolis Hance
References
^
"Sophora L." TROPICOS . Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2010-01-28 .
^
a
b
Sophora L.
Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 8 August 2023.
^
"Genus: Sophora L." Germplasm Resources Information Network . United States Department of Agriculture. 2006-11-03. Archived from
the original on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2009-11-23 .
^
"PLANTS Profile Sophora nuttalliana B.L. Turner silky sophora" . USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service . United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-03-20 .
^
"PLANTS Profile Sophora tomentosa L.yellow necklacepod" . USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service . United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-03-20 .
^ Gledhill, D. (2008).
The Names of Plants (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 356.
ISBN
978-0-521-86645-3 .
^
a
b Heenan PB, de Lange PJ, Wilton AD (2001).
"Sophora (Fabaceae) in New Zealand: taxonomy, distribution, and biogeography" .
New Zealand J Bot . 39 (1): 17–53.
doi :
10.1080/0028825X.2001.9512715 .
^ Little, Elbert L. (1980). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region . New York: Knopf. p. 529.
ISBN
0-394-50760-6 .
^ The Fossil History of Leguminosae from the
Eocene of Southeastern North America by Patrick S. Herendeen, Advances in Legume Systematics: Part 4, The Fossil Record, Ed. P.S. Herendeen & Dilcher, 1992,
The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew ,
ISBN
0 947643 40 0
^ Tsoong P-C, Ma C-Y (1981).
"A study on the genus Sophora Linn" (PDF) .
Acta Phytotaxon Sin . 19 (1): 1–22.
^ Tsoong P-C, Ma C-Y (1981).
"A study on the genus Sophora Linn. (Cont.)" (PDF) .
Acta Phytotaxon Sin . 19 (2): 143–167.
^ Hurr KA, Lockhart PJ, Heenan PB, Penny D (1999). "Evidence for the recent dispersal of Sophora (Leguminosae) around the Southern Oceans: molecular data".
J Biogeogr . 26 (3): 565–577.
doi :
10.1046/j.1365-2699.1999.00302.x .
JSTOR
2656144 .
S2CID
84721754 .
^ Michell AB, Heenan PB (2002).
"Sophora sect. Edwardsia (Fabaceae): further evidence from nrDNA sequence data of a recent and rapid radiation around the Southern Oceans" .
Bot J Linn Soc . 140 (4): 435–441.
doi :
10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00101.x .
^ Staff writer(s); no by-line.
"ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Sophora " . International Legume Database & Information Service . Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 18 May 2014 . {{
cite web }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link )
^
USDA ;
ARS ; National Genetic Resources Program.
"GRIN species records of Sophora " .
Germplasm Resources Information Network —(GRIN) [Online Database] .
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory , Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 18 May 2014 .
^
a
b
"The Plant List entry for Sophora " .
The Plant List .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the
Missouri Botanical Garden . 2013. Retrieved 18 May 2014 .
^ Heenan PB (2001).
"The correct name for Chilean pelú (Fabaceae): the identity of Edwardsia macnabiana and the reinstatement of Sophora cassioides " .
New Zealand J Bot . 39 (1): 167–170.
doi :
10.1080/0028825X.2001.9512725 .
^
English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF) . Pocheon:
Korea National Arboretum . 2015. p. 450.
ISBN
978-89-97450-98-5 . Archived from
the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2016 – via
Korea Forest Service .
External links