The Shikaki tribe are first mentioned in a
Yezidimişûr (manuscript) from 1207 AD, where they're mentioned as one of the tribes affiliated to
Pir Sini Darani, who is a
Yezidi saint represented in the
Yezidi religion as the Lord of the sea.[3]
In the
Sharafnama, they are mentioned twice. First, in the chapter on the emirate of
Bohtan, as being one of the four tribes living in
Hakkâri. Second, in the chapter on the
Ayyubid emirate of
Hasankeyf.[4]
In a 16th-century
OttomanDefter, they are mentioned in the regions of
Birecik,
Kahta, Joum,
Suruç and Ravendan, and called 'Taife-I Ekrâd-I Shikakî'.[5] In another Defter, they are mentioned in the region of
Çemişgezek.[6]
Among the clans of the Shekak are the 'Awdoǐ[7] or Evdoyî. According to their oral history they came from
Diyarbakır in the 17th century and settled west of
Lake Urmia,[7] which displaced the
Donboli tribe.[8]
The first known chieftain of the 'Awdoǐ was Ismail Agha, who died in 1816 and whose tomb is beside the
Naslu River.[8] His grandson Jafar Agha was executed as a bandit in
Tabriz in 1905.[7] Jafar's brother
Simko Shikak was responsible for leading the anti-
Christian and anti-
Alevimassacres in the area before and during
World War I, and for the organised resistance against the regime of
Reza Shah.[9]
^
abcHoutsma, M. Th.; et al. (1993).
"Salmas". E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. Vol. 4 (Reprint ed.). E.J. Brill. p. 118.
ISBN90-04-09796-1.
^
abHoutsma, M. Th.; et al. (1993).
"Shakāk". E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. Vol. 4 (Reprint ed.). E.J. Brill. p. 290.
ISBN90-04-09796-1.
^O'Leary, Brendan; Ṣāliḥ, Khālid (2005). "The Denial, Resurrection, and Affirmation of Kurdistan". In O'Leary, Brendan; McGarry, John; Salih, Khaled (eds.). The Future of Kurdistan in Iraq. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 3–46.
ISBN0-8122-3870-2.
^Kalīm Allāh Tavaḥḥudī, Awghāzī (1981). حرکت تاريخي کرد به خراسان در دفاع از استقلال ايران (in Persian). p. 488.
^Gültekin, Ahmet Kerim (2019). Gezik, Erdal; Gültekin, Ahmet Kerim (eds.). Kurdish Alevis and the Case of Dersim: Historical and Contemporary Insights.
Lexington Books. p. 106.