Shalleh-ye_Javiyd References

Shola-e Javid

شعلهٔ جاوید
Shola-e Javid شعلهٔ جاوید
Founded	1964
Dissolved	1969
Youth wing	Progressive Youth Organization
Ideology	Communism; Marxism–Leninism; Maoism; Anti-revisionism;
Political position	Far-left
Colors	Red Yellow
	Politics of Afghanistan; Political parties; Elections;

Shola-e Javid ( Dari: شعلهٔ جاوید, lit. 'Eternal flame') was an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party founded around 1964 in the Kingdom of Afghanistan. Its strategy was Maoist and populist, gaining support from university students, professionals, the majority Pashtuns and the Hazaras.^[1] It grew significantly in popularity throughout the late 1960s and into the 1970s, possibly eclipsing that of the Parcham and Khalq factions of the pro- Soviet People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) up until the factions' reconciliation in 1977. The Shola-e Javid party was made illegal in 1969 after criticizing King Zahir Shah.

References

^ Arnold, Anthony. Afghanistan's Two-Party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. 1st ed. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1983.

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