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Tribe of beetles
The Sepidiini is a tribe of ground-dwelling
darkling beetles (Tenebrionidae),
[1] that occurs across Africa, the
Mediterranean Basin , the
Arabian Peninsula and
Mesopotamia . It is composed of many hundreds of species.
[2] The larvae of some species are known to damage crops.
[3]
Morphology
Their morphology is complex due to their richly divergent forms.
[2] They are distinguished from the
diurnal taxa, by their well-developed and true
hypomera of the
elytra , the free mobility of the thorax and hind body, and the free and non-fused
pleurital and pleural margins of the sterna and elytra respectively.
[2]
Biology
Their morphology is believed to facilitate moisture absorption and accumulation, via the open body
sutures and the loosely joined body parts. Subtribe Trachynotina excepting, they show an almost uniform tendency to be
nocturnal ,
crepuscular or shade-loving.
[2] Like the tribe
Tentyriini , their daily rhythm is based on a strictly nocturnal ancestral disposition. Their open and non-connate body sutures suggest the enjoyment of nocturnal conditions and night moisture.
[2]
At night, a surface secretion of a sometimes
pruinescent or waxy substance has been noted on the bodies of genera
Brinckia ,
Namibomodes ,
Synhimba and
Ocnodes (or
Phanerotomea ). This is assumed to prevent evaporation.
[2]
Taxonomy
The tribe Sepidiini is made up of 6 subtribes, 70 genera, and more than 1000 species. These genera belong to the tribe Sepidiini:
Molurina
[5]
Amiantus
(Fåhreus , 1870)
Argenticrinis (Louw)
Arturium (Koch, 1951)
Bombocnodulus (Koch)
Brachyphrynus (Fairmaire, 1882)
Chiliarchum (Koch)
Dichtha (
Haag-Rutenberg , 1871)
Distretus (
Haag-Rutenberg , 1871)
Euphrynus (Fairmaire, 1897)
Glyptophrynus (Fairmaire, 1899)
Huilamus (Koch)
Mariazofia (
Kamiński , 2022)
Melanolophus (Fairmaire, 1882)
Moluris (Latreille, 1802)
Ocnodes (Fåhraeus)
Piesomera (
Solier )
Phrynocolus (Lacordaire, 1859)
Phrynophanes (Koch, 1951)
Physophrynus (Fairmaire, 1882)
Psammodes (
Kirby , 1819)
Psammophanes (Lesne, 1922)
Psammorhyssus (Kolby)
Psammotyria (Koch, 1953)
Stridulomus (Koch)
Tarsocnodes (Gebien)
Toktokkus (
Kamiński &
Gearner , 2022)
Tibiocnodes (
Gearner &
Kamiński , 2022)
Tuberocnodes (
Gearner &
Kamiński , 2022)
Trachynotina
[6]
Cyrtoderes Dejean, 1834
Epairopsis Koch, 1955
Ethmus Haag-Rutenberg-Rutenberg, 1873
Histrionotus Koch, 1955
Microphligra Koch, 1955
Ossiporis Pascoe, 1866
Oxycerus Koch, 1955
Somaticus Hope, 1840
Trachynotus Latreille, 1828
Trichethmus Gebien, 1937
Gallery
Hypomelus sp., Hypomelina
Phanerotomea sp., Phanerotomeina
References
^
a
b Bouchard, Patrice; Lawrence, J.F.; Davies, A.E.; Newton, A.F. (2005).
"Synoptic Classification of the World Tenebrionidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) with a review of Family-group names" (PDF) . Annales Zoologici . 55 (4): 499–53. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 24 July 2013 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f Koch, C.
"The Tenebrionidae of Southern Africa, XXXII New Psammophilous species from the Namib desert" (PDF) . Annals of the Transvaal Museum : 107–124. Retrieved 7 November 2013 .
^ Drinkwater, T.W. (1991).
"Morphology of and key to the larvae of six somaticus spp coleoptera tenebrionidae" . Journal of African Zoology . 105 (6): 509–536. Retrieved 6 November 2013 .
^
a
b
c
Kamiński, Marcin J.; Kanda, Kojun; Lumen, Ryan; Ulmer, Jonah M.; et al. (2019).
"A catalogue of the tribe Sepidiini Eschscholtz, 1829 (Tenebrionidae, Pimeliinae) of the world" . ZooKeys (844): 1–121.
doi :
10.3897/zookeys.844.34241 .
PMC
6527536 .
PMID
31143077 .
^ Kamiński, Marcin J.; Gearner, Olivia M.; Raś, Marcin; Hunsinger, Elliot T.; Smith, Amelia L.; Mas‐Peinado, Paloma; Girón, Jennifer C.; Bilska, Aleksandra G.; Strümpher, Werner P.; Wirth, Christopher C.; Kanda, Kojun; Swichtenberg, Kali; Iwan, Dariusz; Smith, Aaron D. (2022).
"Female terminalia morphology and cladistic relations among Tok‐Tok beetles (Tenebrionidae: Sepidiini) " . Cladistics : cla.12510.
doi :
10.1111/cla.12510 .
hdl :
10261/278940 .
PMID
35785491 .
S2CID
250283827 .
^
a
b
Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Aalbu, Rolf L.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2021).
"Review of genus-group names in the family Tenebrionidae (Insecta, Coleoptera)" . ZooKeys (1050): 1–633.
doi :
10.3897/zookeys.1050.64217 .
hdl :
10261/250214 .
PMC
8328949 .
PMID
34385881 .
External links