Commune in Île-de-France, France
Saint-Cloud (French pronunciation:
[sɛ̃ klu] ) is a
commune in the western suburbs of
Paris ,
France , 9.6 kilometres (6.0 miles) from the
centre of Paris . Like other communes of
Hauts-de-Seine such as
Marnes-la-Coquette ,
Neuilly-sur-Seine and
Vaucresson , Saint-Cloud is one of France's wealthiest towns, with the second-highest average household income of communities with 10,000 to 50,000 households.
[3]
Saint-Cloud is home to the
International Bureau of Weights and Measures (IBWM), located in the
Parc de Saint-Cloud 's
Pavillon de Breteuil .
History
The town is named after
Clodoald , grandson of
Clovis , who is supposed to have sought refuge in a hamlet on the Seine near Paris, then named Novigentum,[
citation needed ] like many other newly founded mercantile settlements outside the traditional towns. After he was canonized, the village where his tomb was located took the name of Sanctus Clodoaldus.
A park contains the ruins of the
Château de Saint-Cloud , built in 1572 and destroyed by fire in 1870 during the
Franco-Prussian War . The château was the residence of several French rulers and served as the main country residence of the cadet
Orléans line until the
French Revolution . The palace was also the site of
the coup d'état led by
Napoleon Bonaparte that overthrew the
French Directory in 1799.
The town is also famous for the
Saint-Cloud porcelain produced there from 1693 to 1766.
[4]
The Headquarters of the International Criminal Police Organization (
Interpol ) was at 22 Rue Armengaud from 1966 until 1989, when it moved to
Lyon .
Demographics
Historical population Year
Pop.
±% p.a. 1793 2,042 — 1800 1,660 −2.92% 1806 2,360 +6.04% 1821 1,953 −1.25% 1831 1,935 −0.09% 1836 2,316 +3.66% 1841 3,417 +8.09% 1846 3,457 +0.23% 1851 3,828 +2.06% 1856 4,405 +2.85% 1861 5,611 +4.96% 1866 5,248 −1.33% 1872 8,956 +9.32% 1876 4,862 −14.16% 1881 4,126 −3.23% 1886 5,380 +5.45% 1891 5,660 +1.02% 1896 6,374 +2.40%
Year
Pop.
±% p.a. 1901 7,195 +2.45% 1906 8,354 +3.03% 1911 9,725 +3.09% 1921 11,921 +2.06% 1926 13,519 +2.55% 1931 16,341 +3.86% 1936 16,597 +0.31% 1946 17,614 +0.60% 1954 20,671 +2.02% 1962 26,472 +3.14% 1968 28,158 +1.03% 1975 28,139 −0.01% 1982 28,561 +0.21% 1990 28,597 +0.02% 1999 28,157 −0.17% 2009 29,726 +0.54% 2014 29,360 −0.25% 2020 29,560 +0.11%
Source: EHESS
[5] and INSEE (1968–2020)
[6]
Main sights
Santos Dumont posing near the statue in his honour in 1913. The main landmarks are the park of the demolished
Château de Saint-Cloud and the
Pavillon de Breteuil . The
Saint-Cloud Racecourse , a racetrack for
Thoroughbred
flat racing , was built by
Edmond Blanc in 1901 and hosts a number of important races, including the annual
Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud .
Tribute to Santos-Dumont
On the Avenue de Longchamp is a bronze statue commissioned by the Airclub of France representing the Greek mythological figure
Icarus , in honour of
Alberto Santos-Dumont . Inaugurated on October 19, 1913, it sits on a square near the old Aerostation of Saint-Cloud, where Santos-Dumont performed his experiments with
heavier-than-air aircraft . Santos-Dumont was also responsible for the construction of the world's first hangar. A replica has occupied the hangar's site in Saint-Cloud since 1952 after the original was destroyed for its bronze during the
Nazi military occupation .
Transport
Saint-Cloud is served by two stations on the
Transilien
La Défense and
Paris-Saint-Lazare suburban rail lines:
Le Val d'Or and
Saint-Cloud .
The town is also served by
tramway
Line T2 , which runs alongside the
Seine .
Central Saint-Cloud, known as le village ("the village"), is also served by the
Métro station
Boulogne–Pont de Saint-Cloud (
Line 10 ), just across the Seine on the
Boulogne-Billancourt side of the
Pont de Saint-Cloud .
Hospital
Education
Internationale Deutsche Schule Paris
This section
needs expansion . You can help by
adding to it .
(January 2015 )
Public high schools:
It is also served by the public high school
Lycée Jean Pierre Vernant in
Sèvres .
[7]
Private high schools:
International schools:
A campus of the
Paris Nanterre University is also located in the city.
Paris Nanterre University Saint-Cloud campus
Personalities
Notable births
Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (1674–1723),
Regent of France from 1715 to 1723
Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (1676–1744), Regent of Lorraine, lived at the Palace at Saint-Cloud
Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (1747–1793), a key figure during the early stages of the
French Revolution ;
Princess
Marie Bonaparte (1882–1962),
psychoanalyst , closely linked with
Sigmund Freud
Gilbert Norman (1914–1944),
Special Operations Executive member
Annick Gendron , painter
Nicole Courcel (1930–2016), film actress
Jean-Claude Killy (born 1943),
alpine skier and a triple
Olympic champion
Gérard Manset (born 1945), known as Manset, rock
songwriter
Hervé Guibert (1955–1991), writer
Mino Cinelu (born 1957), musician
Alexandra Fusai (born 1973), former
professional tennis player
Marie Silin (born 1979),
member of parliament
Magalie Poisson (born 1982), Olympic
rhythmic gymnast
Paul Lasne (born 1989), footballer
Ingmar Lazar (born 1993),
classical pianist , prodigy
Notable residents
Henri III of France (1551–1589), King of France, assassinated in Saint-Cloud
Philippe d'Orléans (1640–1701) lived in the Château de Saint-Cloud from 1658 to his death in 1701
Henrietta of England (1644–1670) lived and died in the Château de Saint-Cloud
Napoléon I (1769–1821) lived in the Château de Saint-Cloud
Antoine Sénard (1800–1885), member of the National Assembly, mayor of Saint-Cloud from 1871 to 1874
Émile Verhaeren (1855–1916), Flemish poet
André Chevrillon (1864–1957), French author
Florent Schmitt (1870–1958), French composer
Maurice Ravel (1875–1937), French composer
Marcel Dassault (1892–1986), French businessman and politician
Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873–1932), Brazilian inventor and aviation pioneer
Lino Ventura (1919–1987), Italian actor, lived and died in Saint-Cloud
Jean-Pierre Fourcade (born 1929), French Minister, mayor of Saint-Cloud from 1971 to 1992
Christophe Dominici (1972–2020), rugby union player for France and Stade Français
Gérard Holtz (born 1946), French sports journalist
Jean-Marie Le Pen , French politician, owner of Domaine de Montretout in Saint-Cloud
[9]
Notable burials
Twin towns – sister cities
Saint-Cloud is
twinned with:
[11]
Bad Godesberg (Bonn) , Germany
Boadilla del Monte , Spain
Frascati , Italy
Kortrijk , Belgium
St. Cloud, Florida , United States
St. Cloud, Minnesota , United States
Windsor and Maidenhead , England, United Kingdom
In popular culture
Saint-Cloud is the main setting of the 1955 French film
Les Diaboliques (a.k.a. Diabolique ).
[12]
See also
References
^
"Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 6 June 2023.
^
"Populations légales 2021" .
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies . 28 December 2023.
^
"Les 10 communes les plus riches de France" . 23 January 2015.
^
J. Paul Getty Museum .
"Saint-Cloud Porcelain Manufactory" . Retrieved 2008-01-13 .
^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui :
Commune data sheet Saint-Cloud ,
EHESS (in French) .
^
Population en historique depuis 1968 , INSEE
^
Home page .
Lycée Jean Pierre Vernant . Retrieved on September 7, 2016. [...]qui relèvent de la zone de desserte du lycée ( communes de Sèvres, Ville d’Avray, Chaville, Saint -Cloud) [...]
^ "
Get in contact
Archived 2015-01-23 at the
Wayback Machine ."
Internationale Deutsche Schule Paris . Retrieved on 23 January 2015. "Postanschrift: 18 rue Pasteur F – 92210 SAINT CLOUD Besucheradresse: 12 rue Lelégard F – 92210 SAINT-CLOUD"
^
"Marine Le Pen, une riche propriétaire (comme son père)" . Le Nouvel Observateur . January 27, 2016. Retrieved October 7, 2016 .
^
"Maurice Bessy a Pictorial History of Magic and the Supernatural 1963 PDF" .
^
"Les villes jumelles, soeurs et filleule" . saintcloud.fr (in French). Saint-Cloud. Retrieved 2021-05-03 .
^ Wood, Michael (2011-03-03).
"At the Movies" .
London Review of Books . Vol. 33, no. 5. p. 23. Retrieved 2018-06-06 .
External links
Primary and secondary schools Landmarks
Transilien stations Events This list is incomplete.
Population over 2 million Population over 100,000 Population over 75,000 Population over 50,000 Population over 25,000 Population under 25,000
International National Geographic Other