| Sachicasaurus Temporal range:
Barremian
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| Holotype specimen of Sachicasaurus. | |
Scientific classification
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Superorder: | † Sauropterygia |
| Order: | † Plesiosauria |
| Family: | † Pliosauridae |
| Subfamily: | † Brachaucheninae |
| Genus: | † Sachicasaurus |
| Species: | †S. vitae
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| Binomial name | |
| †Sachicasaurus vitae
Páramo Fonseca et al., 2018
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Sachicasaurus is an extinct genus of brachauchenine pliosaurid known from the Barremian of the Paja Formation, Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the Colombian Eastern Ranges of the Andes. The type species is S. vitae.
Etymology
The genus name Sachicasaurus refers to Sáchica, the location where the fossil was found, and saurus, meaning "lizard" in Latinised Greek. The species epithet vitae, meaning "of life" in Latin, was chosen because of the life in Sáchica the fossil find has sparked. [1]
Description
Sachicasaurus was a large pliosaur, with the type specimen measuring approximately 10 metres (33 ft) long and weighing 17 metric tons (19 short tons). [1] [2] The holotype specimen, MP111209-1, was found in 2013 and is known from a near complete skull, and postcranial elements including a complete hindlimb and various vertebrae. Diagnostic features include a very short mandibular symphysis, reduced number of mandibular teeth (17 to 18 versus 25 to 40 in other pliosaurids), slender teeth, among other features. With a preserved length of 9.9 metres (32 ft) (which may be missing the vertebrae from the end of the tail), the specimen is interpreted as a sub-adult individual. [1] It is one of the most complete and large pliosaurid specimen. [3]
Paleoenvironment
Sachicasaurus is one of four pliosaurids from the Paja Formation, others being Acostasaurus, [4] Stenorhynchosaurus, [5] and Monquirasaurus. [6] It is also contemporaneous with the elasmosaurids Callawayasaurus and Leivanectes, [7] the marine turtle Desmatochelys padillai, [8] the sandowniid turtle Leyvachelys, [9] and the ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs Muiscasaurus and Kyhytysuka. [10] [11]
References
- ^ a b c Páramo Fonseca, María Eurídice; Benavides Cabra, Cristian David; Gutiérrez, Ingry Esmirna (2018). "A new large pliosaurid from the Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Sáchica, Boyacá, Colombia". Earth Sciences Research Journal. 22 (4): 223–238. doi: 10.15446/esrj.v22n4.69916. S2CID 135054193.
- ^ Zhao, R.J. (2024). "Body reconstruction and size estimation of plesiosaurs". bioRxiv 10.1101/2024.02.15.578844.
- ^ N. G. Zverkov, E. M. Pervushov (2020). "A gigantic pliosaurid from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Volga Region, Russia". Cretaceous Research. 110. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104419.
- ^ Gómez Pérez & Noè, 2017
- ^ Páramo et al., 2016
- ^ Noè, L.F.; Gómez-Pérez, M. (2021). "Giant pliosaurids (Sauropterygia; Plesiosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous peri-Gondwanan seas of Colombia and Australia". Cretaceous Research. 132: 105122. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105122.
- ^ Páramo Fonseca et al., 2019
- ^ Cadena et al., 2015a
- ^ Cadena et al., 2015b
- ^ Maxwell et al., 2015
- ^ Cortés, D.; Maxwell, E.E.; Larsson, H.C.E. (2021). "Re-appearance of hypercarnivore ichthyosaurs in the Cretaceous with differentiated dentition: revision of Platypterygius sachicarum (Reptilia:Ichthyosauria, Ophthalmosauridae) from Colombia". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 19 (14): 969–1002. doi: 10.1080/14772019.2021.1989507. S2CID 244512087.
Bibliography
- Sachicasaurus
- Páramo Fonseca, María Eurídice; Cristian David Benavides Cabra, and Ingry Esmirna Gutiérrez. 2018. A new large pliosaurid from the Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Sáchica, Boyacá, Colombia. Earth Sciences Research Journal 22(4). 223–238. Accessed 2019-03-09.
- Other paleofauna
- Cadena, Edwin A., and James F. Parham. 2015a. Oldest known marine turtle? A new protostegid from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia. PaleoBios 32. 1–42. Accessed 2017-03-30.
- Cadena, Edwin. 2015b. The first South American sandownid turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia. PeerJ 3. e1431. Accessed 2017-03-30.
- Gómez Pérez, Marcela, and Leslie F. Noè. 2017. Cranial anatomy of a new pliosaurid Acostasaurus pavachoquensis from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia, South America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 310(1–2). 5–42. Accessed 2019-03-09.
- Maxwell, Erin E.; Daniel Dick; Santiago Padilla, and Mary Luz Parra. 2015. A new ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Colombia. Papers in Palaeontology 2. 59–70. Accessed 2017-03-30.
- Páramo Fonseca, María Euridice; José Patricio O'Gorman; Zulma Gasparini; Santiago Padilla, and Mary Luz Parra Ruge. 2019. A new late Aptian elasmosaurid from the Paja Formation, Villa de Leiva, Colombia. Cretaceous Research in press. _. Accessed 2019-03-09.
- Páramo, María E.; Marcela Gómez Pérez; Leslie F. Noé, and Fernando Etayo. 2016. Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, gen. et sp. nov. a new pliosaurid from the Upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Villa de Leiva, Colombia, South America. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales 40. 84–103. Accessed 2017-04-20.
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External links
- "Genus: Sachicasaurus". paleofile.com. Archived from the original on November 1, 2023.