Genus of grasses
Saccharum is a
genus of tall
perennial plants of the
broomsedge tribe within the
grass family .
[5]
The genus is widespread across
tropical ,
subtropical , and warm
temperate regions in
Africa ,
Eurasia ,
Australia , the
Americas , and assorted oceanic islands. Several species are cultivated and naturalized in areas outside their native habitats.
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
Saccharum includes the
sugarcanes . They have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are generally rich in
sugar , and measure two to six m (6 to 19 ft) tall. All sugarcane species interbreed and the major commercial
cultivars are complex
hybrids .
Species
As of September 2021
[update] ,
Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
[4]
Saccharum alopecuroidum (L.) Nutt. - southeastern USA
Saccharum angustifolium (Nees) Trin. - South America
Saccharum asperum (Nees) Steud. - South America
Saccharum baldwinii Spreng. - southeastern USA
Saccharum beccarii (Stapf) Cope - Sumatra
Saccharum brevibarbe (Michx.) Pers. - southeastern USA
Saccharum coarctatum (Fern.) R. Webster - southeastern USA
Saccharum contortum (Baldwin ex Elliott) Nutt. - southeastern USA
Saccharum fallax Balansa - China, Assam, southeast Asia
Saccharum filifolium Steud. - Afghanistan, Himalayas
Saccharum formosanum (Stapf) Ohwi - southern China
Saccharum giganteum (Walt.) Pers. - southeastern USA, Cuba, Jamaica, Paraguay, Argentina
Saccharum griffithii Munro ex Aitch. - from Yemen to Bangladesh
Saccharum intermedium Welker & Peichoto
Saccharum kajkaiense (Melderis) Melderis - Oman, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan
Saccharum longesetosum (Andersson) V.Naray. ex Bor - China, Himalayas, Indochina
Saccharum maximum (Brongn.) Trin. - Pacific Islands
Saccharum narenga (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. - China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Ethiopia
Saccharum officinarum L. - New Guinea; naturalized in many warm places
Saccharum robustum Brandes & Jesw. ex Grassl - New Guinea
Saccharum rufipilum Steud. - China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina
Saccharum sikkimense (Hook.f.) V.Naray. ex Bor - eastern Himalayas
Saccharum × sinense Roxb. – China
Saccharum spontaneum L. - Asia, Africa, Sicily, Papuasia
Saccharum stewartii Rajesw., R.R.Rao & Arti Garg - western Himalayas
Saccharum velutinum (Holttum) Cope - Peninsular Malaysia
Saccharum villosum Steud. - South America, Mesoamerica
Saccharum wardii (Bor) Bor ex Cope - Assam, Bhutan, Myanmar
Saccharum williamsii (Bor) Bor ex Cope - Nepal
Placed in
Lasiorhachis by Plants of the World Online as of September 2021
[update] :
[14]
Placed in
Tripidium by Plants of the World Online as of September 2021
[update] :
[15]
Formerly included
Numerous species are now considered better suited in other genera:
Andropogon ,
Chloris ,
Digitaria ,
Eriochrysis ,
Eulalia ,
Gynerium ,
Hemarthria ,
Imperata ,
Lophopogon ,
Melinis ,
Miscanthus ,
Panicum ,
Pappophorum ,
Paspalum ,
Perotis ,
Pogonatherum ,
Pseudopogonatherum ,
Spodiopogon , and
Tricholaena .
[6]
See also
References
^ lectotype designated by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 119 (1929)
^
Tropicos, Saccharum L.
^ 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
^
a
b
"Saccharum L." .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-05 .
^
Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 54 in Latin
^
a
b
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^
Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 576 甘蔗属 gan zhe shu Saccharum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753.
^
Flora of Pakistan, Saccharum Linn., Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753. Gen. Pl., ed. 5; 28.1754
^
Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
^ Catasus Guerra, L. 1997. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, I. Fontqueria 46: [i–ii], 1–259.
^ Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl. 1994. 146. Saccharum L. 6: 378–379. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
^ Phillips, S. 1995. Poaceae (Gramineae). Flora of Ethiopia 7: i–xx, 1–420.
^ Welker, C. A. D. & H. M. Longhi-Wagner. 2012. The genera Eriochrysis P. Beauv., Imperata Cirillo and Saccharum L. (Poaceae - Andropogoneae - Saccharinae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Botany 35(1): 87–105.
^
"Lasiorhachis (Hack.) Stapf" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-05 .
^
"Tripidium H.Scholz" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-04 .
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Saccharum .