From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
sa
Aksara nglegena
Aksara pasangan
Javanese script
Latin orthographysa
Phoneme[s]
UnicodeA9B1

is a syllabogram in Javanese script that represents the sounds /sɔ/ and /sa/. It is transliterated to Latin as "sa", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "so". It has another form (pasangan), which is ꧀ꦱ, but represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A9B1. [1] [2] [3]

Pasangan

Its pasangan form ꧀ꦱ, is one of six pasangan that are placed on the right-hand side of the previous syllable. Therefore, it is permissible to write two pasangan at the same time without having to resort to pangkon ( ).

The location of the sandhangan ꦶ, ꦼ, or ꦁ is on top the pasangan, not on the previous syllable. (See glyph table below)

Extended form

The letter ꦱ has a murda form, which is .

Using cecak telu (ꦱ꦳), the syllable represents /ʃa/.

Mahaprana

Mahaprana letters were originally aspirated consonants used in Sanskrit and Kawi transliterations. However, there are no aspirated consonants in modern Javanese. The mahaprana form of is .

Glyphs

Nglegena forms Pasangan forms
 sa ꦱꦃ sah ꦱꦁ sang ꦱꦂ sar ◌꧀ꦱ -sa ◌꧀ꦱꦃ -sah ◌꧀ꦱꦁ -sang ◌꧀ꦱꦂ -sar
ꦱꦺ se ꦱꦺꦃ seh ꦱꦺꦁ seng ꦱꦺꦂ ser ◌꧀ꦱꦺ -se ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦃ -seh ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦁ -seng ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦂ -ser
ꦱꦼ sê ꦱꦼꦃ sêh ꦱꦼꦁ sêng ꦱꦼꦂ sêr ◌꧀ꦱꦼ -sê ◌꧀ꦱꦼꦃ -sêh ◌꧀ꦱꦼꦁ -sêng ◌꧀ꦱꦼꦂ -sêr
ꦱꦶ si ꦱꦶꦃ sih ꦱꦶꦁ sing ꦱꦶꦂ sir ◌꧀ꦱꦶ -si ◌꧀ꦱꦶꦃ -sih ◌꧀ꦱꦶꦁ -sing ◌꧀ꦱꦶꦂ -sir
ꦱꦺꦴ so ꦱꦺꦴꦃ soh ꦱꦺꦴꦁ song ꦱꦺꦴꦂ sor ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴ -so ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦃ -soh ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦁ -song ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦂ -sor
ꦱꦸ su ꦱꦸꦃ suh ꦱꦸꦁ sung ꦱꦸꦂ sur ◌꧀ꦱꦸ -su ◌꧀ꦱꦸꦃ -suh ◌꧀ꦱꦸꦁ -sung ◌꧀ꦱꦸꦂ -sur
ꦱꦿ sra ꦱꦿꦃ srah ꦱꦿꦁ srang ꦱꦿꦂ srar ◌꧀ꦱꦿ -sra ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦃ -srah ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦁ -srang ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦂ -srar
ꦱꦿꦺ sre ꦱꦿꦺꦃ sreh ꦱꦿꦺꦁ sreng ꦱꦿꦺꦂ srer ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺ -sre ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦃ -sreh ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦁ -sreng ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦂ -srer
ꦱꦽ srê ꦱꦽꦃ srêh ꦱꦽꦁ srêng ꦱꦽꦂ srêr ◌꧀ꦱꦽ -srê ◌꧀ꦱꦽꦃ -srêh ◌꧀ꦱꦽꦁ -srêng ◌꧀ꦱꦽꦂ -srêr
ꦱꦿꦶ sri ꦱꦿꦶꦃ srih ꦱꦿꦶꦁ sring ꦱꦿꦶꦂ srir ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶ -sri ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶꦃ -srih ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶꦁ -sring ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶꦂ -srir
ꦱꦿꦺꦴ sro ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦃ sroh ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦁ srong ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦂ sror ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴ -sro ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦃ -sroh ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦁ -srong ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦂ -sror
ꦱꦿꦸ sru ꦱꦿꦸꦃ sruh ꦱꦿꦸꦁ srung ꦱꦿꦸꦂ srur ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸ -sru ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸꦃ -sruh ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸꦁ -srung ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸꦂ -srur
ꦱꦾ sya ꦱꦾꦃ syah ꦱꦾꦁ syang ꦱꦾꦂ syar ◌꧀ꦱꦾ -sya ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦃ -syah ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦁ -syang ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦂ -syar
ꦱꦾꦺ sye ꦱꦾꦺꦃ syeh ꦱꦾꦺꦁ syeng ꦱꦾꦺꦂ syer ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺ -sye ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦃ -syeh ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦁ -syeng ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦂ -syer
ꦱꦾꦼ syê ꦱꦾꦼꦃ syêh ꦱꦾꦼꦁ syêng ꦱꦾꦼꦂ syêr ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼ -syê ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼꦃ -syêh ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼꦁ -syêng ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼꦂ -syêr
ꦱꦾꦶ syi ꦱꦾꦶꦃ syih ꦱꦾꦶꦁ sying ꦱꦾꦶꦂ syir ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶ -syi ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶꦃ -syih ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶꦁ -sying ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶꦂ -syir
ꦱꦾꦺꦴ syo ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦃ syoh ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦁ syong ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦂ syor ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴ -syo ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦃ -syoh ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦁ -syong ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦂ -syor
ꦱꦾꦸ syu ꦱꦾꦸꦃ syuh ꦱꦾꦸꦁ syung ꦱꦾꦸꦂ syur ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸ -syu ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸꦃ -syuh ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸꦁ -syung ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸꦂ -syur
Other forms
Nglegena forms Pasangan forms
ꦱ꦳ sya ꦱ꦳ꦃ syah ꦱ꦳ꦁ syang ꦱ꦳ꦂ syar ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ -sya ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦃ -syah ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦁ -syang ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦂ -syar
ꦱ꦳ꦺ sye ꦱ꦳ꦺꦃ syeh ꦱ꦳ꦺꦁ syeng ꦱ꦳ꦺꦂ syer ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺ -sye ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦃ -syeh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦁ -syeng ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦂ -syer
ꦱ꦳ꦼ syê ꦱ꦳ꦼꦃ syêh ꦱ꦳ꦼꦁ syêng ꦱ꦳ꦼꦂ syêr ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼ -syê ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼꦃ -syêh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼꦁ -syêng ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼꦂ -syêr
ꦱ꦳ꦶ syi ꦱ꦳ꦶꦃ syih ꦱ꦳ꦶꦁ sying ꦱ꦳ꦶꦂ syir ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶ -syi ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶꦃ -syih ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶꦁ -sying ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶꦂ -syir
ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴ syo ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ syoh ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ syong ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ syor ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴ -syo ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ -syoh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ -syong ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ -syor
ꦱ꦳ꦸ syu ꦱ꦳ꦸꦃ syuh ꦱ꦳ꦸꦁ syung ꦱ꦳ꦸꦂ syur ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸ -syu ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸꦃ -syuh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸꦁ -syung ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸꦂ -syur
ꦱ꦳ꦿ syra ꦱ꦳ꦿꦃ syrah ꦱ꦳ꦿꦁ syrang ꦱ꦳ꦿꦂ syrar ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿ -syra ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦃ -syrah ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦁ -syrang ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦂ -syrar
ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺ syre ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ syreh ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ syreng ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ syrer ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺ -syre ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ -syreh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ -syreng ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ -syrer
ꦱ꦳ꦽ syrê ꦱ꦳ꦽꦃ syrêh ꦱ꦳ꦽꦁ syrêng ꦱ꦳ꦽꦂ syrêr ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽ -syrê ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽꦃ -syrêh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽꦁ -syrêng ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽꦂ -syrêr
ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶ syri ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ syrih ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ syring ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ syrir ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶ -syri ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ -syrih ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ -syring ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ -syrir
ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ syro ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ syroh ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ syrong ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ syror ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ -syro ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ -syroh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ -syrong ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ -syror
ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸ syru ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ syruh ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ syrung ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ syrur ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸ -syru ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ -syruh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ -syrung ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ -syrur
ꦱ꦳ꦾ syya ꦱ꦳ꦾꦃ syyah ꦱ꦳ꦾꦁ syyang ꦱ꦳ꦾꦂ syyar ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾ -syya ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦃ -syyah ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦁ -syyang ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦂ -syyar
ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺ syye ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ syyeh ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ syyeng ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ syyer ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺ -syye ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ -syyeh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ -syyeng ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ -syyer
ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼ syyê ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ syyêh ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ syyêng ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ syyêr ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼ -syyê ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ -syyêh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ -syyêng ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ -syyêr
ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶ syyi ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ syyih ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ syying ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ syyir ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶ -syyi ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ -syyih ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ -syying ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ -syyir
ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ syyo ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ syyoh ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ syyong ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ syyor ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ -syyo ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ -syyoh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ -syyong ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ -syyor
ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸ syyu ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ syyuh ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ syyung ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ syyur ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸ -syyu ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ -syyuh ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ -syyung ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ -syyur

Unicode block

Javanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.

Javanese [1] [2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+A98x
U+A99x
U+A9Ax
U+A9Bx ꦿ
U+A9Cx
U+A9Dx
Notes
1. ^ As of Unicode version 15.1
2. ^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

References

  1. ^ Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
  2. ^ Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
  3. ^ Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.