Gentry noted that the 218 polonium radio halos only formed at temperatures below 300 degrees and were visible for less than 3 minutes, thus requiring the Precambrian granites where they are to have formed by a quick process yet "mysterious"[clarification needed][13] cold, highlighting the singularities of the continental crust [14][15] in relation to the oceanic crust. When questioned in debates that defended the thermal paradigm in the formation of the earth's rocks, Gentry challenged them to then reproduce Precambrian granites containing the same,[16] in miniature, since such a process should then be able to imitate the formation of granites containing halos. After unanswered decades, Australian geologist Andrew Snelling proposed "a model in which hydrothermal fluids separated 222 Rn and their parents' Po isotopes 238 U in zircons and transported them over very short distances along cleavage planes in the host and adjacent, biotites until 222 Rn decays and the Po isotopes were chemically concentrated in radiocentres, to later produce the Po radiohalos.[17]
Career
Gentry received a master's degree in
physics from the
University of Florida, and then worked in the defense industry in nuclear weapons research.[11] In 1959, he was influenced by a verse he read in the Bible while looking at polonium halos, and subsequently converted to
Seventh-day Adventism. Thereafter, he entered the doctoral program at
Georgia Institute of Technology, but left when he was refused permission to work on the
age of the Earth for his dissertation.[18]
By this time he was convinced that
radiohalos might be the key to determining the age of the Earth, and might be capable of vindicating
flood geology. He continued to work on the subject at home using a small microscope and attempted to publish his results (minus his creationist conclusions) in one or more peer reviewed scientific journals. In 1969, while Gentry was affiliated with an Adventist college in Maryland,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory invited him to use their facilities, as a guest scientist in the hope that his work on radiohalos might lead to discovering super-heavy elements. This relationship was terminated as a result of his participation in McLean v. Arkansas.[11]
Claims and criticism
Gentry has had strong disagreements with other creationists over some details of flood geology.[19] A number of creationists, including fellow Seventh-day Adventists, have criticised his work.[11]
In the late 1970s, Gentry challenged the scientific community to synthesize "a hand-sized specimen of a typical
biotite-bearing granite" as a test of his claims. The scientific response was dismissive. Geologist
G. Brent Dalrymple stated:[11] "As far as I am concerned, Gentry's challenge is silly. … He has proposed an absurd and inconclusive experiment to test a perfectly ridiculous and unscientific hypothesis that ignores virtually the entire body of geological knowledge."
In 1981, Gentry was a defense witness in the McLean v. Arkansas case over the constitutional validity of Act 590 that mandated that "
creation science" be given equal time in public schools with
evolution.[20] Act 590 was ruled to be unconstitutional (a verdict that was upheld by the
Supreme Court in Edwards v. Aguillard).
Gentry has devised his own
creationist cosmology and filed a lawsuit in 2001 against
Los Alamos National Laboratory and
Cornell University after personnel deleted ten of his papers about his cosmology from the public preprint server
arXiv.[21] On 23 March 2004, Gentry's lawsuit against arXiv was dismissed by a Tennessee court on the grounds that it lacked
territorial jurisdiction, as neither defendant in the case was considered to have a significant presence in the state of Tennessee.[22]
His self-published book Creation's Tiny Mystery was reviewed by geologist Gregg Wilkerson, who said that it has several logical flaws and concluded that "the book is a source of much misinformation about current geologic thinking and confuses fact with interpretation." Wilkerson also noted that the book contains considerable autobiographical material and he observed that "[i]n general I don't think educators will find it's worth their time to tread through this creationist's whining."[23] This criticism of Gentry's "frequent whining about discrimination" has also been made by fellow creationists, who concluded that "his scientific snubs resulted more from his own abrasive style than from his peculiar ideas", according to critic
Ronald L. Numbers, a historian of science.[11]
Osmon, P., 1986, "Gentry’s pleochroic halos: Creation/Evolution," Newsletter, Feser, Karl D., Editor, v. 6, no. 1, Concord College, Athens, West Virginia
Schadewald, R., 1987. "Gentry’s tiny mystery, Creation/Evolution" Newsletter, Fezer, Karl D, Editor, v. 4, no. 2 & 3. Concord College. Athens. West Virginia, p 20.