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Spain Main: November 2019 Spanish general election
10 November 2019
Party
Votes
%
Seats
PSOE
6,792,199
28.0%
120
PP
5,047,040
20.8%
89
Vox
3,656,979
15.1%
52
Unidas Podemos
3,119,364
12.9%
35
Cs
1,650,318
6.8%
10
ERC–Sobiranistes
880,734
3.6%
13
Más País
582,306
2.4%
3
JxCat–Junts
530,225
2.2%
8
EAJ/PNV
379,002
1.6%
6
Others
1,620,061
6.7%
14
Total
24,258,228
100.0%
350

This is the results breakdown of the Congress of Deputies election held in Spain on 10 November 2019. The following tables show detailed results in each of the country's 17 autonomous communities and in the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla, as well as a summary of constituency and regional results. [1] [2]

Electoral system

348 members of the Congress of Deputies were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Spain, with each being allocated an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla were allocated the two remaining seats, which were elected using plurality voting. The D'Hondt method might result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude. [3]

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Congress multi-member constituency was entitled the following seats: [4]

Seats Constituencies
37 Madrid
32 Barcelona
15 Valencia
12 Alicante, Seville
11 Málaga
10 Murcia
9 Cádiz
8 A Coruña, Balearic Islands, Biscay, Las Palmas
7 Asturias, Granada, Pontevedra, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Zaragoza
6 Almería, Badajoz, Córdoba, Gipuzkoa, Girona, Tarragona, Toledo
5 Cantabria, Castellón, Ciudad Real, Huelva, Jaén, Navarre, Valladolid
4 Álava, Albacete, Burgos, Cáceres, La Rioja, León, Lleida, Lugo, Ourense, Salamanca
3 Ávila, Cuenca, Guadalajara, Huesca, Palencia, Segovia, Teruel, Zamora
2 Soria

Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. [5] Additionally, Spaniards abroad were required to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote ( Spanish: Voto rogado). [6]

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Concurrently, parties, federations or coalitions that had not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election were required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies. [7] [8] The electoral law provided for a special, simplified process for election re-runs, including a shortening of deadlines, the lifting of signature requirements if these had been already met for the immediately previous election and the possibility of maintaining lists and coalitions without needing to go through pre-election procedures again.

Nationwide

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 6,792,199 28.00 –0.67 120 –3
People's Party (PP) 5,047,040 20.81 +4.12 89 +23
Vox (Vox) 3,656,979 15.08 +4.82 52 +28
United We Can (Unidas Podemos) 3,119,364 12.86 –1.46 35 –7
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 2,381,960 9.82 –1.24 26 –7
In Common We Can–Let's Win the Change (ECP–Guanyem el Canvi) 549,173 2.26 –0.09 7 ±0
In Common–United We Can ( PodemosEU) 188,231 0.78 –0.13 2 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 1,650,318 6.80 –9.06 10 –47
Republican Left of Catalonia–Sovereigntists ( ERCSobiranistes) 880,734 3.63 –0.28 13 –2
Republican Left of Catalonia–Sovereigntists ( ERCSobiranistes) 874,859 3.61 –0.28 13 –2
Republican Left of the Valencian Country (ERPV) 5,875 0.02 ±0.00 0 ±0
More Country (Más País) 582,306 2.40 New 3 +2
More CountryEquo (Más País–Equo) 330,345 1.36 New 2 +2
More Commitment (Més Compromís)1 176,287 0.73 +0.07 1 ±0
More Country (Más País) 52,478 0.22 New 0 ±0
More CountryAragonese UnionEquo (Más País–CHA–Equo) 23,196 0.10 New 0 ±0
Together for Catalonia–Together (JxCat–Junts) 530,225 2.19 +0.28 8 +1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 379,002 1.56 +0.05 6 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 277,621 1.14 +0.15 5 +1
Popular Unity Candidacy–For Rupture (CUP–PR) 246,971 1.02 New 2 +2
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 228,856 0.94 –0.31 0 ±0
Canarian Coalition–New Canaries ( CCaPNCNC)2 124,289 0.51 –0.15 2 ±0
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 120,456 0.50 +0.14 1 +1
Sum Navarre (NA+) 99,078 0.41 ±0.00 2 ±0
Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PRC) 68,830 0.28 +0.08 1 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 35,042 0.14 –0.04 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 27,272 0.11 +0.03 0 ±0
Teruel Exists (¡TE!) 19,761 0.08 New 1 +1
More Left ( MésMxMeesquerra)3 18,295 0.08 –0.02 0 ±0
Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 14,046 0.06 +0.02 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 13,828 0.06 –0.01 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 13,029 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0
Yes to the Future (GBai) 12,709 0.05 –0.04 0 ±0
Leonese People's Union (UPL) 10,243 0.04 New 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 9,725 0.04 +0.01 0 ±0
Coalition for Melilla (CpM) 8,955 0.04 +0.01 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 5,970 0.02 –0.01 0 ±0
For Ávila (XAV) 5,416 0.02 New 0 ±0
Forward– The Greens (Avant/Adelante–LV) 5,416 0.02 –0.01 0 ±0
The Greens (Verdes) 3,287 0.01 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 3,150 0.01 –0.01 0 ±0
Feminist Initiative (IFem) 3,005 0.01 New 0 ±0
We Are Valencian in Movement (UiG–Som–CUIDES) 2,339 0.01 –0.01 0 ±0
We Are Region (Somos Región) 2,328 0.01 –0.01 0 ±0
Left in Positive (IZQP) 2,325 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0
Canaries Now ( ANCUP) 2,032 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0
With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) 2,015 0.01 New 0 ±0
Aragonese Union (CHA) 2,000 0.01 New 0 ±0
Sorian People's Platform (PPSO) 1,466 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0
United Extremadura (EU) 1,347 0.01 New 0 ±0
European Retirees Social Democratic Party (PDSJE) 1,259 0.01 +0.01 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 1,171 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Social Aragonese Movement (MAS) 1,068 0.00 New 0 ±0
United–Acting for Democracy (Unidos SI–ACPS–DEf) 1,067 0.00 New 0 ±0
Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 941 0.00 –0.01 0 ±0
Andecha Astur (Andecha) 887 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Movement for Dignity and Citizenship (MDyC) 819 0.00 New 0 ±0
Puyalón (PYLN) 630 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 616 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
At Once Valencian Community (aUna CV) 585 0.00 New 0 ±0
Regionalist Union of Castile and León (Unión Regionalista) 530 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Andalusian Convergence (CAnda) 520 0.00 New 0 ±0
Federation of Independents of Aragon (FIA) 461 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
European Solidarity Action Party (Solidaria) 270 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Andalusian Solidary Independent Republican Party (RISA) 249 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Centered (centrados) 234 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Plural Democracy (DPL) 214 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Revolutionary Anticapitalist Left (IZAR) 113 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
XXI Convergence (C21) 72 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Union of Everyone (UdT) 26 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank ballots 217,227 0.90 +0.14
Total 24,258,228 350 ±0
Valid votes 24,258,228 98.98 +0.03
Invalid votes 249,487 1.02 –0.03
Votes cast / turnout 24,507,715 66.23 –5.53
Abstentions 12,493,664 33.77 +5.53
Registered voters 37,001,379
Sources [9] [10]
Footnotes:

Summary

Constituencies

Summary of constituency results in the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election
Constituency PSOE PP Vox UP Cs ERC–Sob Más País Junts PNV EH Bildu CUP–PR CCa–NC BNG NA+ PRC ¡TE!
% S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S
A Coruña 30.0 3 30.5 3 8.2 12.6 1 4.6 2.1 9.5 1
Álava 21.9 1 14.9 3.8 16.5 1 1.5 23.6 1 16.1 1
Albacete 32.6 2 27.5 1 20.7 1 9.7 7.4
Alicante 28.2 4 24.3 3 19.7 3 12.7 1 8.1 1 0.2 4.2
Almería 29.5 2 25.8 2 26.7 2 8.1 7.6
Asturias 33.3 3 23.2 2 15.9 1 16.0 1 6.7 2.3
Ávila 26.2 1 34.8 1 18.5 1 6.5 6.5
Badajoz 38.4 3 25.1 2 17.3 1 9.2 8.0
Balearic Islands 25.4 2 22.8 2 17.1 2 18.1 2 7.4 2.3
Barcelona 21.8 8 7.7 2 6.3 2 15.5 5 5.9 2 21.1 7 1.4 11.7 4 6.1 2
Biscay 19.1 2 8.8 1 2.4 15.4 1 1.1 1.4 35.2 3 15.0 1
Burgos 32.3 2 30.8 2 14.9 11.1 8.1
Cáceres 38.1 2 27.6 1 16.0 1 9.0 7.0
Cádiz 30.6 3 18.0 2 21.3 2 15.2 1 9.0 1 1.8
Cantabria 23.2 1 25.9 2 14.9 1 8.7 4.8 21.0 1
Castellón 28.6 2 23.8 1 18.6 1 13.3 1 6.9 0.4 6.2
Ceuta 31.3 22.3 35.2 1 3.9 3.4
Ciudad Real 34.3 2 27.9 2 20.9 1 8.3 6.8
Córdoba 33.0 2 22.5 2 18.6 1 14.6 1 8.2
Cuenca 37.3 2 30.9 1 18.4 6.9 4.7
Gipuzkoa 18.1 1 6.2 1.9 15.0 1 1.0 30.5 2 25.8 2
Girona 14.8 1 4.9 5.2 9.5 1 3.9 25.8 2 24.8 2 8.9
Granada 33.2 3 21.8 2 20.7 1 12.3 1 7.8 1.8
Guadalajara 31.2 1 23.0 1 24.0 1 11.3 7.7
Huelva 36.6 3 19.7 1 20.9 1 12.1 7.3
Huesca 33.5 2 26.2 1 15.2 12.4 8.1
Jaén 38.8 3 22.5 1 19.7 1 9.8 6.8
La Rioja 34.9 2 34.2 2 11.5 9.9 7.1
Las Palmas 29.2 3 21.4 2 13.3 1 15.4 1 5.8 1.7 9.9 1
León 33.5 2 28.4 1 15.6 1 10.5 6.4
Lleida 14.5 1 7.1 4.5 7.9 3.4 31.5 2 22.6 1 6.8
Lugo 31.9 2 38.0 2 8.1 9.2 3.2 7.2
Madrid 26.9 10 24.9 10 18.3 7 13.0 5 9.1 3 5.7 2
Málaga 30.0 4 21.6 3 21.4 2 12.9 1 8.9 1 1.9
Melilla 16.4 29.5 1 18.4 2.6 3.0
Murcia 24.8 3 26.5 3 28.0 3 8.9 1 7.4 1.9
Navarre 25.0 1 5.8 16.6 1 16.9 1 29.6 2
Ourense 33.2 2 39.4 2 7.7 7.9 3.7 6.0
Palencia 33.2 1 35.7 2 14.4 8.1 6.2
Pontevedra 31.8 3 29.1 3 7.3 15.5 1 4.6 2.0 7.5
Salamanca 29.5 1 34.7 2 17.9 1 7.0 8.7
Santa Cruz de Tenerife 28.6 2 20.2 2 11.5 1 13.9 1 5.0 1.4 16.5 1
Segovia 29.7 1 33.0 1 17.1 1 9.3 8.1
Seville 36.1 5 17.9 2 17.9 2 14.6 2 7.9 1 2.1
Soria 34.6 1 32.9 1 13.5 7.6 5.8
Tarragona 19.1 2 7.8 8.1 12.1 1 5.9 25.6 2 13.4 1 5.7
Teruel 25.5 1 23.6 1 12.6 5.4 5.0 26.7 1
Toledo 32.0 2 26.0 2 23.7 2 9.6 6.8
Valencia 27.0 4 22.1 4 17.7 3 13.8 2 7.7 1 0.2 8.8 1
Valladolid 30.3 2 29.5 2 18.1 1 11.0 8.7
Zamora 32.8 1 33.6 1 17.1 1 7.0 6.8
Zaragoza 30.8 3 23.4 2 18.0 1 11.3 1 9.2 4.5
Total 28.0 120 20.8 89 15.1 52 12.9 35 6.8 10 3.6 13 2.4 3 2.2 8 1.6 6 1.1 5 1.0 2 0.5 2 0.5 1 0.4 2 0.3 1 0.1 1

Regions

Summary of regional results in the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election
Region PSOE PP Vox UP Cs ERC–Sob Más País Junts PNV EH Bildu CUP–PR CCa–NC BNG NA+ PRC ¡TE!
% S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S
Andalusia 33.4 25 20.5 15 20.4 12 13.1 6 8.1 3 1.3
Aragon 30.7 6 23.9 4 17.0 1 10.8 1 8.6 3.3 2.8 1
Asturias 33.3 3 23.2 2 15.9 1 16.0 1 6.7 2.3
Balearic Islands 25.4 2 22.8 2 17.1 2 18.1 2 7.4 2.3
Basque Country 19.2 4 8.8 1 2.4 15.4 3 1.1 0.7 32.0 6 18.7 4
Canary Islands 28.9 5 20.8 4 12.5 2 14.7 2 5.4 1.6 13.1 2
Cantabria 23.2 1 25.9 2 14.9 1 8.7 4.8 21.0 1
Castile and León 31.3 12 31.6 13 16.6 6 9.3 7.6
Castilla–La Mancha 33.1 9 26.9 7 21.9 5 9.2 6.8
Catalonia 20.5 12 7.4 2 6.3 2 14.2 7 5.6 2 22.6 13 1.1 13.7 8 6.4 2
Ceuta 31.3 22.3 35.2 1 3.9 3.4
Extremadura 38.3 5 26.0 3 16.8 2 9.1 7.6
Galicia 31.2 10 31.9 10 7.8 12.6 2 4.3 1.5 8.1 1
La Rioja 34.9 2 34.3 2 11.5 9.8 7.1
Madrid 26.9 10 24.9 10 18.3 7 13.0 5 9.1 3 5.7 2
Melilla 16.4 29.5 1 18.4 2.6 3.0
Murcia 24.8 3 26.5 3 28.0 3 8.9 1 7.4 1.9
Navarre 25.0 1 5.8 16.6 1 16.9 1 29.6 2
Valencian Community 27.6 10 23.0 8 18.5 7 13.4 4 7.7 2 0.2 7.0 1
Total 28.0 120 20.8 89 15.1 52 12.9 35 6.8 10 3.6 13 2.4 3 2.2 8 1.6 6 1.1 5 1.0 2 0.5 2 0.5 1 0.4 2 0.3 1 0.1 1

Autonomous communities

Andalusia

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Andalusia
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 1,425,126 33.36 –0.86 25 +1
People's Party (PP) 877,202 20.54 +3.36 15 +4
Vox (Vox) 869,909 20.36 +6.99 12 +6
United We Can ( PodemosIULV–CA) 559,628 13.10 –1.19 6 –3
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 346,094 8.10 –9.60 3 –8
More Country–Andalusia (Más País–Andalucía) 56,445 1.32 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 47,485 1.11 –0.24 0 ±0
Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 14,046 0.33 +0.08 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 6,045 0.14 –0.03 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 6,025 0.14 +0.02 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 5,256 0.12 +0.03 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Andalusian Party (PCPA) 3,439 0.08 –0.02 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 2,157 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 1,273 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0
Andalusian Convergence (CAnda) 520 0.01 New 0 ±0
Andalusian Solidary Independent Republican Party (RISA) 249 0.01 +0.01 0 ±0
Revolutionary Anticapitalist Left (IZAR) 113 0.00 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots 50,672 1.19 +0.25
Total 4,271,684 61 ±0
Valid votes 4,271,684 98.50 –0.18
Invalid votes 65,040 1.50 +0.18
Votes cast / turnout 4,336,724 65.91 –4.87
Abstentions 2,242,656 34.09 +4.87
Registered voters 6,579,380
Sources [9] [10]

Aragon

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Aragon
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 215,361 30.72 –1.02 6 +1
People's Party (PP) 167,233 23.86 +4.96 4 +1
Vox (Vox) 118,936 16.97 +4.78 1 ±0
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 75,892 10.83 –2.75 1 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 59,977 8.56 –11.97 0 –3
More CountryAragonese UnionEquo (Más País–CHA–Equo) 23,196 3.31 New 0 ±0
Teruel Exists (¡TE!) 19,761 2.82 New 1 +1
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 4,565 0.65 –0.27 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 2,333 0.33 –0.11 0 ±0
Aragonese Union (CHA) 2,000 0.29 New 0 ±0
Social Aragonese Movement (MAS) 1,068 0.15 New 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,059 0.15 –0.09 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 673 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0
Puyalón (PYLN) 630 0.09 –0.02 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 500 0.07 –0.01 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 476 0.07 –0.03 0 ±0
Federation of Independents of Aragon (FIA) 461 0.07 –0.03 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 96 0.01 New 0 ±0
Union of Everyone (UdT) 26 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
At Once Valencian Community (aUna CV) 13 0.00 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 6,755 0.96 +0.04
Total 701,011 13 ±0
Valid votes 701,011 99.14 +0.21
Invalid votes 6,080 0.86 –0.21
Votes cast / turnout 707,091 69.34 –5.86
Abstentions 312,671 30.66 +5.86
Registered voters 1,019,762
Sources [9] [10]

Asturias

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Asturias
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 186,211 33.27 +0.14 3 ±0
People's PartyForum (PP–Foro) 129,945 23.22 +5.32 2 +1
United We Can ( PodemosIX) 89,301 15.95 –1.19 1 ±0
Vox (Vox) 88,788 15.86 +4.37 1 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 37,374 6.68 –10.03 0 –1
More CountryEquo (Más País–Equo) 12,732 2.27 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 4,412 0.79 –0.27 0 ±0
Andecha Astur (Andecha) 887 0.16 +0.01 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 843 0.15 –0.07 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 732 0.13 –0.05 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 626 0.11 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 487 0.09 –0.03 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 366 0.07 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots 7,041 1.26 +0.17
Total 559,745 7 ±0
Valid votes 559,745 99.03 +0.13
Invalid votes 5,486 0.97 –0.13
Votes cast / turnout 565,231 58.12 –6.90
Abstentions 407,349 41.88 +6.90
Registered voters 972,580
Sources [9] [10]

Balearic Islands

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearic Islands
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 115,567 25.44 –0.92 2 –1
People's Party (PP) 103,722 22.84 +5.99 2 +1
United We Can ( PodemosEUIB) 82,225 18.10 +0.26 2 ±0
Vox (Vox) 77,520 17.07 +5.77 2 +1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 33,451 7.36 –10.06 0 –1
More Left ( MésMxMeesquerra)1 18,295 4.03 –0.83 0 ±0
More Country (Más País) 10,652 2.35 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 6,207 1.37 –0.34 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 947 0.21 –0.02 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 573 0.13 ±0.00 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 372 0.08 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,668 1.03 +0.13
Total 454,199 8 ±0
Valid votes 454,199 99.04 +0.11
Invalid votes 4,393 0.96 –0.11
Votes cast / turnout 458,592 56.81 –8.56
Abstentions 348,578 43.19 +8.56
Registered voters 807,170
Sources [9] [10]
Footnotes:

Basque Country

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in the Basque Country
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 379,002 32.01 +1.00 6 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 227,396 19.21 –0.69 4 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 221,073 18.67 +1.99 4 ±0
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 182,674 15.43 –2.16 3 –1
People's Party (PP) 104,746 8.85 +1.40 1 +1
Vox (Vox) 28,979 2.45 +0.24 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 13,279 1.12 –2.04 0 ±0
More Country–Ecologist Candidacy (Más País–Candidatura Ecologista) 8,542 0.72 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 7,005 0.59 –0.29 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,672 0.14 –0.04 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,221 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 982 0.08 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ) 570 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0
European Solidarity Action Party (Solidaria) 270 0.02 –0.02 0 ±0
Blank ballots 6,624 0.56 –0.07
Total 1,184,035 18 ±0
Valid votes 1,184,035 99.44 +0.14
Invalid votes 6,687 0.56 –0.14
Votes cast / turnout 1,190,722 66.43 –5.35
Abstentions 601,832 33.57 +5.35
Registered voters 1,792,554
Sources [9] [10]

Canary Islands

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in the Canary Islands
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 273,596 28.88 +1.05 5 ±0
People's Party (PP) 196,809 20.77 +5.24 4 +1
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 139,261 14.70 –1.02 2 –1
Canarian Coalition–New Canaries ( CCaPNCNC)1 124,289 13.12 +0.15 2 ±0
Vox (Vox) 118,006 12.45 +5.89 2 +2
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 50,997 5.38 –9.29 0 –2
More CountryEquo (Más País–Equo) 14,972 1.58 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 11,946 1.26 –0.42 0 ±0
The Greens (Verdes) 3,186 0.34 New 0 ±0
Canaries Now ( ANCUP) 2,032 0.21 –0.08 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Canarian People (PCPC) 1,192 0.13 –0.01 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 994 0.10 –0.15 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 871 0.09 –0.04 0 ±0
European Retirees Social Democratic Party (PDSJE) 713 0.08 New 0 ±0
With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) 594 0.06 New 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 418 0.04 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 276 0.03 –0.02 0 ±0
Blank ballots 7,355 0.78 +0.06
Total 947,507 15 ±0
Valid votes 947,507 98.97 +0.16
Invalid votes 9,869 1.03 –0.16
Votes cast / turnout 957,376 55.44 –7.02
Abstentions 769,490 44.56 +7.02
Registered voters 1,726,866
Sources [9] [10]
Footnotes:

Cantabria

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Cantabria
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 84,583 25.86 +4.17 2 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 76,028 23.24 –1.97 1 –1
Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PRC) 68,830 21.04 +6.49 1 ±0
Vox (Vox) 48,827 14.93 +3.75 1 +1
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 28,376 8.68 –1.56 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 15,609 4.77 –10.37 0 –1
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,856 0.57 –0.28 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 262 0.08 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 259 0.08 –0.04 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 247 0.08 +0.01 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 232 0.07 –0.02 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 187 0.06 –0.02 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 126 0.04 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,667 0.51 –0.13
Total 327,089 5 ±0
Valid votes 327,089 99.17 +0.22
Invalid votes 2,732 0.83 –0.22
Votes cast / turnout 329,821 65.74 –6.64
Abstentions 171,855 34.26 +6.64
Registered voters 501,676
Sources [9] [10]

Castile and León

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Castile and León
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 438,993 31.61 +5.60 13 +3
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 434,287 31.27 +1.48 12 ±0
Vox (Vox) 230,743 16.61 +4.33 6 +5
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 129,681 9.34 –1.08 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 105,200 7.57 –11.32 0 –8
Leonese People's Union (UPL) 10,243 0.74 New 0 ±0
For Ávila (XAV) 5,416 0.39 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 8,085 0.58 –0.16 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen GroupPCASTC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 2,499 0.18 ±0.00 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 2,471 0.18 +0.02 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 1,741 0.13 +0.01 0 ±0
Sorian People's Platform (PPSO) 1,466 0.11 –0.07 0 ±0
Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 941 0.07 –0.07 0 ±0
Regionalist Union of Castile and León (Unión Regionalista) 530 0.04 +0.01 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 291 0.02 –0.01 0 ±0
Centered (centrados) 234 0.02 –0.01 0 ±0
With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) 229 0.02 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 223 0.02 ±0.00 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 173 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0
European Retirees Social Democratic Party (PDSJE) 115 0.01 New 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 70 0.01 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 15,167 1.09 +0.17
Total 1,388,798 31 ±0
Valid votes 1,388,798 98.73 +0.04
Invalid votes 17,901 1.27 –0.04
Votes cast / turnout 1,406,699 66.61 –6.26
Abstentions 705,179 33.39 +6.26
Registered voters 2,111,878
Sources [9] [10]

Castilla–La Mancha

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Castilla–La Mancha
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 360,013 33.10 +0.72 9 ±0
People's Party (PP) 292,212 26.87 +4.21 7 +1
Vox (Vox) 238,196 21.90 +6.62 5 +3
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 100,284 9.22 –0.95 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 74,418 6.84 –10.64 0 –4
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 7,930 0.73 –0.20 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,933 0.18 +0.08 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen GroupPCASTC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 1,637 0.15 –0.02 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 629 0.06 +0.04 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 542 0.05 +0.03 0 ±0
European Retirees Social Democratic Party (PDSJE) 431 0.04 +0.02 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 195 0.02 –0.01 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 188 0.02 New 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 47 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank ballots 8,990 0.83 +0.10
Total 1,087,645 21 ±0
Valid votes 1,087,645 98.67 +0.06
Invalid votes 14,694 1.33 –0.06
Votes cast / turnout 1,102,339 70.06 –6.51
Abstentions 471,006 29.94 +6.51
Registered voters 1,573,345
Sources [9] [10]

Catalonia

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Catalonia
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Republican Left of Catalonia–Sovereigntists ( ERCSobiranistes) 874,859 22.57 –2.04 13 –2
Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC–PSOE) 794,666 20.50 –2.71 12 ±0
In Common We Can–Let's Win the Change (ECP–Guanyem el Canvi) 549,173 14.17 –0.68 7 ±0
Together for Catalonia–Together (JxCat–Junts) 530,225 13.68 +1.60 8 +1
People's Party (PP) 287,714 7.42 +2.58 2 +1
Popular Unity Candidacy–For Rupture (CUP–PR) 246,971 6.37 New 2 +2
Vox (Vox) 243,640 6.29 +2.70 2 +1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 217,935 5.62 –5.94 2 –3
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 44,585 1.15 –0.39 0 ±0
More Country (Más País) 41,826 1.08 New 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 5,922 0.15 –0.02 0 ±0
Feminist Initiative (IFem) 3,005 0.08 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 2,436 0.06 +0.05 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Catalonia (PCTC) 2,220 0.06 ±0.00 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Catalan People (PCPC) 2,145 0.06 –0.02 0 ±0
Left in Positive (IZQP) 1,891 0.05 –0.02 0 ±0
Blank ballots 27,019 0.70 +0.16
Total 3,876,232 48 ±0
Valid votes 3,876,232 99.47 –0.04
Invalid votes 20,742 0.53 +0.04
Votes cast / turnout 3,896,974 69.40 –5.17
Abstentions 1,718,446 30.60 +5.17
Registered voters 5,615,420
Sources [9] [10]

Extremadura

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Extremadura
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 227,447 38.33 +0.26 5 ±0
People's Party (PP) 154,269 26.00 +4.62 3 +1
Vox (Vox) 99,823 16.82 +6.05 2 +1
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 54,072 9.11 –0.41 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 45,053 7.59 –10.37 0 –2
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3,676 0.62 –0.09 0 ±0
United Extremadura (EU) 1,347 0.23 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,220 0.21 +0.14 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,016 0.17 +0.04 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,493 0.93 +0.14
Total 593,416 10 ±0
Valid votes 593,416 98.16 –0.21
Invalid votes 11,145 1.84 +0.21
Votes cast / turnout 604,561 67.22 –6.95
Abstentions 294,878 32.78 +6.95
Registered voters 899,439
Sources [9] [10]

Galicia

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Galicia
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 475,198 31.93 +4.51 10 +1
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 465,026 31.25 –0.84 10 ±0
In Common–United We Can ( PodemosEU) 188,231 12.65 –1.81 2 ±0
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 120,456 8.09 +2.35 1 +1
Vox (Vox) 116,381 7.82 +2.53 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 64,661 4.35 –6.83 0 –2
More CountryEquo (Más País–Equo) 22,826 1.53 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 11,475 0.77 –0.28 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 2,173 0.15 –0.02 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 1,867 0.13 +0.02 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,582 0.11 +0.10 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Galicia (PCTG) 1,258 0.08 –0.02 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 692 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0
XXI Convergence (C21) 72 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank ballots 16,209 1.09 +0.04
Total 1,488,107 23 ±0
Valid votes 1,488,107 98.72 +0.25
Invalid votes 19,259 1.28 –0.25
Votes cast / turnout 1,507,366 55.86 –6.01
Abstentions 1,191,332 44.14 +6.01
Registered voters 2,698,698
Sources [9] [10]

La Rioja

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in La Rioja
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 57,485 34.85 +3.16 2 ±0
People's Party (PP) 56,450 34.23 +7.72 2 +1
Vox (Vox) 18,908 11.46 +2.47 0 ±0
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 16,273 9.87 –1.93 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 11,673 7.08 –10.72 0 –1
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,096 0.66 –0.11 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 425 0.26 +0.05 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 307 0.19 +0.04 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 297 0.18 +0.07 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 263 0.16 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,757 1.07 +0.26
Total 164,934 4 ±0
Valid votes 164,934 98.44 –0.19
Invalid votes 2,615 1.56 +0.19
Votes cast / turnout 167,549 66.96 –6.42
Abstentions 82,664 33.04 +6.42
Registered voters 250,213
Sources [9] [10]

Madrid

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 957,401 26.87 –0.40 10 –1
People's Party (PP) 887,474 24.91 +6.27 10 +3
Vox (Vox) 653,476 18.34 +4.48 7 +2
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 463,629 13.01 –3.22 5 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 323,076 9.07 –11.88 3 –5
More CountryEquo (Más País–Equo) 201,389 5.65 New 2 +2
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 31,983 0.90 –0.45 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen GroupPCASTC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 5,129 0.14 –0.06 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 4,305 0.12 –0.02 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 2,508 0.07 –0.02 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 2,099 0.06 +0.01 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 1,895 0.05 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots 28,783 0.81 +0.16
Total 3,563,147 37 ±0
Valid votes 3,563,147 99.21 +0.05
Invalid votes 28,317 0.79 –0.05
Votes cast / turnout 3,591,464 70.59 –4.87
Abstentions 1,496,629 29.41 +4.87
Registered voters 5,088,093
Sources [9] [10]

Murcia

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Murcia
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Vox (Vox) 199,829 27.95 +9.33 3 +1
People's Party (PP) 189,500 26.51 +3.08 3 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 177,154 24.78 +0.01 3 ±0
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 63,461 8.88 –1.53 1 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 53,201 7.44 –12.10 0 –2
More CountryEquo (Más País–Equo) 13,439 1.88 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 7,005 0.98 –0.40 0 ±0
We Are Region (Somos Región) 2,328 0.33 –0.32 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 990 0.14 –0.01 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 881 0.12 –0.06 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 490 0.07 –0.02 0 ±0
Left in Positive (IZQP) 434 0.06 –0.03 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 431 0.06 New 0 ±0
With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) 317 0.04 New 0 ±0
Plural Democracy (DPL) 214 0.03 –0.04 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,253 0.73 +0.11
Total 714,927 10 ±0
Valid votes 714,927 98.97 +0.04
Invalid votes 7,418 1.03 –0.04
Votes cast / turnout 722,345 68.03 –5.50
Abstentions 339,496 31.97 +5.50
Registered voters 1,061,841
Sources [9] [10]

Navarre

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Navarre
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Sum Navarre (NA+) 99,078 29.58 +0.26 2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 83,734 25.00 –0.76 1 –1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 56,548 16.88 +4.14 1 +1
United We Can ( PodemosIUBatzarre) 55,498 16.57 –2.07 1 ±0
Vox (Vox) 19,440 5.80 +0.96 0 ±0
Yes to the Future (GBai) 12,709 3.79 –2.29 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,250 0.67 –0.24 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 965 0.29 –0.06 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 928 0.28 –0.05 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE/ELAK) 381 0.11 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,451 1.03 ±0.00
Total 334,982 5 ±0
Valid votes 334,982 99.11 +0.11
Invalid votes 3,014 0.89 –0.11
Votes cast / turnout 337,996 65.91 –6.62
Abstentions 174,830 34.09 +6.62
Registered voters 512,826
Sources [9] [10]

Valencian Community

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in the Valencian Community
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 700,159 27.60 –0.18 10 ±0
People's Party (PP) 584,415 23.04 +4.48 8 +1
Vox (Vox) 468,134 18.46 +6.45 7 +4
United We Can ( PodemosEUPV) 339,596 13.39 –0.85 4 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 196,265 7.74 –10.24 2 –4
More Commitment (Més Compromís)1 176,287 6.95 +0.48 1 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 27,295 1.08 –0.31 0 ±0
Republican Left of the Valencian Country (ERPV) 5,875 0.23 +0.07 0 ±0
Forward– The Greens (Avant/Adelante–LV) 5,416 0.21 –0.06 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 2,688 0.11 –0.04 0 ±0
We Are Valencian in Movement (UiG–Som–CUIDES) 2,339 0.09 –0.08 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 2,327 0.09 +0.08 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 2,247 0.09 –0.03 0 ±0
United–Acting for Democracy (Unidos SI–ACPS–DEf) 1,067 0.04 New 0 ±0
With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) 875 0.03 New 0 ±0
At Once Valencian Community (aUna CV) 572 0.02 New 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 556 0.02 –0.02 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 379 0.01 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 137 0.01 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank ballots 19,814 0.78 +0.12
Total 2,536,443 32 ±0
Valid votes 2,536,443 99.08 +0.16
Invalid votes 23,504 0.92 –0.16
Votes cast / turnout 2,559,947 69.80 –4.49
Abstentions 1,107,681 30.20 +4.49
Registered voters 3,667,628
Sources [9] [10]
Footnotes:

Autonomous cities

Ceuta

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Ceuta
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
Vox (Vox) 11,752 35.19 +11.26 1 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 10,455 31.31 –5.01 0 –1
People's Party (PP) 7,439 22.28 +0.84 0 ±0
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 1,300 3.89 –0.95 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 1,138 3.41 –8.56 0 ±0
Movement for Dignity and Citizenship (MDyC) 819 2.45 New 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 125 0.37 –0.04 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 43 0.13 –0.10 0 ±0
Blank ballots 324 0.97 +0.12
Total 33,395 1 ±0
Valid votes 33,395 98.96 +0.15
Invalid votes 351 1.04 –0.15
Votes cast / turnout 33,746 53.98 –7.46
Abstentions 28,767 46.02 +7.46
Registered voters 62,513
Sources [9] [10]

Melilla

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Melilla
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ± pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 9,136 29.54 +5.58 1 ±0
Coalition for Melilla (CpM) 8,955 28.95 +8.64 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 5,692 18.40 +1.20 0 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 5,087 16.45 –4.25 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 917 2.96 –9.93 0 ±0
United We Can ( PodemosIU) 809 2.62 –1.21 0 ±0
The Greens (Verdes) 101 0.33 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 31 0.10 –0.02 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 19 0.06 –0.23 0 ±0
Blank ballots 185 0.60 –0.10
Total 30,932 1 ±0
Valid votes 30,932 99.23 +0.17
Invalid votes 240 0.77 –0.17
Votes cast / turnout 31,172 52.39 –5.14
Abstentions 28,325 47.61 +5.14
Registered voters 59,497
Sources [9] [10]

References

  1. ^ "10N/Elecciones Generales 2019". especiales.publico.es (in Spanish). Público. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  2. ^ "Elecciones Congreso. 10 de noviembre de 2019". elecciones.eldiario.es (in Spanish). eldiario.es. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  3. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link)
  4. ^ "Real Decreto 551/2019, de 24 de septiembre, de disolución del Congreso de los Diputados y del Senado y de convocatoria de elecciones" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (230): 105300–105302. 24 September 2019. ISSN  0212-033X.
  5. ^ Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
  6. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  7. ^ " Constitución Española". Constitution of 29 December 1978 (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  8. ^ "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985 (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "Elecciones Generales 10 de noviembre de 2019". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 October 2021.

Bibliography