The Republic of Ararat, or Kurdish Republic of Ararat,[7][8][9] (
Kurdish: کۆماری ئارارات, romanized: Komara Agiriyê[10][11] and
Kurdish: Komara Araratê[12]) was a self-proclaimed
Kurdish state from 1927 to 1931. It was located in eastern Turkey, centred on
Karaköse Province. "
Agirî" is the Kurdish name for
Ararat.[13]
History
The Republic of Ararat, led by the central committee of
Xoybûn party, declared independence on 28 October 1927[6] or 1928,[9][14][15] during a wave of rebellion among Kurds in southeastern Turkey. As the leader of the military was appointed Ihsan Nuri, and Ibrahim Heski was put in charge of the civilian government.
At the first meeting of Xoybûn,
Ihsan Nuri Pasha was declared the military commander of the
Ararat Rebellion.[16] Ibrahim Heski was made the leader of the civilian administration.[17] In October 1927, Kurd Ava,[2] or Kurdava,[3] a village near
Mount Ararat, was designated as the provisional capital of
Kurdistan. Xoybûn made appeals to the Great Powers and the
League of Nations and also sent messages to other Kurds in
Iraq and
Syria to ask for co-operation.[18] But under the pressure from Turkey, the British Empire as well as France imposed restrictions on the activities of the members of Xoybûn.[16]
^
abWadie Jwaideh, The Kurdish national movement: its origins and development, Syracuse University Press, 2006,
ISBN978-0-8156-3093-7,
p. 211.
^
ab(in French) Celal Sayan, La construction de l'état national turc et le mouvement national kurde, 1918-1938, Presses universitaires du septentrion, 2002,
p. 649.
^Paul J. White, Primitive rebels or revolutionary modernizers?: the Kurdish national movement in Turkey, Zed Books, 2000,
ISBN978-1-85649-822-7,
p. 77.
^
abc(in Turkish)Emin Karaca, Ağrı Eteklerinde İsyan: Bir Kürt Ayaklanmasının Anatomisi, 3. Baskı, Karakutu Yayınları, 2003,
ISBN975-8658-38-7, s. 23.
^
abDana Adams Schmidt, Journey among brave men, Little, Brown, 1964,
p. 57.
^Christopher Houston, Kurdistan: crafting of national selves, Indiana University Press, 2008,
ISBN0-253-22050-5,
p. 52.
^Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, 1. cilt, Infobase Publishing, 2009,
ISBN978-0-8160-7158-6,
p. 385.
^Martin Strohmeier, Crucial images in the presentation of a Kurdish national identity: heroes and patriots, traitors and foes, Brill, 2003,
ISBN978-90-04-12584-1,
s. 97.
^Christopher Houston, Kurdistan: crafting of national selves, Indiana University Press, 2008,
ISBN0-253-22050-5,
s. 52.
^
abAllsopp, Harriet (2014). The Kurds of Syria: Political Parties and Identity in the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 55.
ISBN9781780765631.
^Yilmaz, Özcan (2015). La formation de la nation kurde en Turquie (in French). Graduate Institute Publications. p. 77.
ISBN978-2-940503-17-9.
^Kemal Kirişci,Gareth M. Winrow, The Kurdish Question and Turkey: An Example of a Trans-state Ethnic Conflict, Routledge, 1997,
ISBN978-0-7146-4746-3,
p. 101.