Rafael D. Palacios (1905–1993) was a
Puerto Rican-American freelance artist and illustrator specializing in book jackets and maps for major U.S. publishers in the mid- and late 20th century. Among the notable maps of his prolific and highly successful career are those in most of
Isaac Asimov's history books and in
Bruce Catton's
Civil War books.
Biography
Of Spanish-Puerto Rican parentage, Palacios was born in
Santo Domingo, capital of the
Dominican Republic. When he was five months old his family moved to
Puerto Rico. He was educated in the Puerto Rican schools, but as an artist was largely self-taught. In 1928 he did his first fine arts sketches while in
San Juan. He made something of a specialty of Afro-Caribbean portraiture. He made a brief visit to the
United States in 1931. In 1937 he was chosen, with two others, to represent Puerto Rico at the second annual Exhibition of American Art in
New York City. In 1938 he also exhibited at the
Delphic Studios in New York, where he presented his first display of
Afro-Antillean art (a one-man show of his
gouaches). That same year he also exhibited at the first
Newspaper Artists' Exhibition in New York, and in several one-man shows at the
Athenaeum in San Juan and at the
University of Puerto Rico.
Beginning in 1938 Palacios worked for American newspapers as an illustrator and translator of comic strips. In the mid-1940s, he shared a studio with several other freelance artists and did a number of covers and endpapers for
Bantam Books. His endpapers had a strong cartographic quality and served a similar purpose with
Dell Books'
mapbacks.
Palacios took over as the cartographer from
George Annand for the
Rivers of America series in 1956. The last 13 books in the series (1956–74) contain maps by him.