| Shiny-leaved condoo | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Sapotaceae |
| Genus: | Planchonella |
| Species: | P. eerwah
|
| Binomial name | |
| Planchonella eerwah | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Planchonella eerwah is a rare species of Australian rainforest tree in the family Sapotaceae. Common names include shiny-leaved condoo, black plum and wild apple. It is endemic to south eastern Queensland, with a restricted distribution and regarded as endangered. [2]
The tree was first described as Sideroxylon eerwah in 1894 by Frederick Manson Bailey, [3] before being moved to its current binomial name by Baehni in 1942. [4] The species name is derived from Mount Eerwah near Eumundi in Queensland. [5] A genetic analysis of material found that Planchonella eerwah was most closely related to Planchonella cotinifolia, and Planchonella australis was a sister to the two species – the three forming a distinct group. [6]
Planchonella eerwah grows as a tall shrub or small tree reaching 4 to 10 metres (13 to 33 ft) high with scaly bark on its trunk. [5] It has leathery leaves with prominent raised veins which measure 4–14 cm (1.5–5.5 in) in length. Flowers and fruit can be found in any season. [7] The flowers are a cream-green colour and hairy and are about 4 mm long. [5] The dark red-purple to black fruit are oval to globular, measuring 3–6 cm (1–2.5 in) long, with three to five seeds. [7]
It is restricted to three locations in southeastern Queensland. [7] It grows on rocky slopes in vine thickets and rainforest. [5] Dominant associated species in southern populations include hoop pine ( Araucaria cunninghamii), Harpullia pendula, and members of the genus Flindersia, and in the northern Argyrodendron species, Atalaya multiflora, Choricarpia subargentea, Excoecaria dallachyana, and Flindersia australis. [7]
Threats include overrunning of habitat by weeds such as lantana ( Lantana camara), and in the Sunshine Coast glycine ( Neonotonia wightii), corky passionflower ( Passiflora suberosa), and umbrella tree ( Heptapleurum actinophyllum). Feral pigs eat the fruit and seeds. [7]
References
- ^ a b Planchonella eerwah (F.M.Bailey) P.Royen Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
- ^ "Pouteria eerwah". Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
- ^ "'Sideroxylon eerwah F.M.Bailey". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
- ^ "Pouteria eerwah (F.M.Bailey) Baehni". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
- ^ a b c d Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (1997). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Vol. 7. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. pp. 356–57. ISBN 0-85091-634-8.
- ^ Teguh Triono; Anthony H. D. Brown; Judy G. West; Michael D. Crisp (2007). "A phylogeny of Pouteria (Sapotaceae) from Malesia and Australasia". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (2): 107–18. doi: 10.1071/SB06011. hdl: 1885/28531.
- ^ a b c d e "Approved Conservation Advice for Pouteria eerwah (Shiny-leaved Condoo)" (PDF). 3 July 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2010.