Names | |
---|---|
Other names
| |
Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol)
|
|
ChemSpider | |
EC Number |
|
PubChem
CID
|
|
CompTox Dashboard (
EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
Properties | |
KCuCl3 | |
Molar mass | 208.99 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | garnet-red crystals [1] |
Density | 2.86 g/cm3 [1] |
Solubility | methanol, [2] ethanol [2] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
Potassium trichloridocuprate(II) is a salt with chemical formula KCuCl3, more properly [K+2[Cu2Cl2−6. [3] [4]
It is a member of the "halide" sub-family of perovskite materials with general formula ABX3 where A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent cation, and X is a halide anion. [5]
The compound occurs in nature as the bright red mineral sanguite. [1]
The compound is also called potassium trichlorocuprate(II), potassium copper(II) trichloride, potassium cupric chloride and other similar names. The latter is used also for potassium tetrachloridocuprate(II) K2CuCl4. [1]
The compound can be obtained by evaporation of a solution of potassium chloride KCl and copper(II) chloride CuCl2 in 1:1 mole ratio. [3]
The anhydrous form is garnet-red. [6] It can be crystallized from a molten mixture of potassium chloride KCl and copper(II) chloride CuCl2. [7] [2] or by evaporation from a solution of the salts in ethanol. [5] It is very hygroscopic, [5] and soluble in methanol and ethanol. [2] It is antiferromagnetic below 30 K, and pleochroic, with maximum visible absorption when the electric vector is parallel to the Cu–Cu vector of the dimer. [6] [8]
The anhydrous mineral form (sanguite) has the monoclinic crystal structure, with symmetry group P21/c and lattice parameters a = 402.81 pm, b = 1379.06 pm, c = 873.35 pm, and β = 97.137°, cell volume V = 0.48138 nm3, and formulas per cell Z = 4. [1] [9] The measured density is 2.86 g/ cm3, close to the calculated one 2.88 g/cm3. It contains discrete almost planar anions [Cu2Cl62−, each with the two copper atoms connected by two bridging chlorine atoms. These anions are arranged in columns consisting of distorted edge-sharing CuCl6 octahedra, stacked in double chains parallel to the a axis. The columns occupy the edges and the centre of the cell's projection on the bc plane. [1] [9] [6] The potassium atoms are located between these columns; each K+ cation is surrounded by nine chlorine atoms. [1] The mineral is optically biaxial (negative), with α = 1.653, β = 1.780, γ = 1.900', 2V= 85°. The mineral is named from the Latin sanguis (blood), alluding to its color. [1]
Theoretical calculations for this topology give the lattice parameters as a = 1388.1 pm, b = 427.7 pm, c = 896.5 pm, α = 79.855°, cell volume V = 0.523891 nm3, calculated density 2.65 g/cm3. [10]
An alternative theoretical structure for the compound has a cubic crystal system, symmetry group Pm3m[221], with the copper atoms arranged as corners of a cubic grid, a potassium atom at the center of each cube and a chlorine atom at the midpoint of each edge. The latice parameters are a = b = c = 485.8 pm, V = 0.114684 nm3, predicted density 3.03 g/cm3. [11]
{{
cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(
help)
{{
cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(
help)