The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a
domesticated descendant of the
wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it is
derived from
extinct gray wolves, and the gray wolf is the dog's closest living relative. The dog was the first
species to be domesticated by
humans. Experts estimate that
hunter-gatherers domesticated dogs more than 15,000 years ago, which was before the
development of agriculture. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have expanded to a large number of domestic individuals and gained the ability to thrive on a
starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other
canids.
The Clumber Spaniel is a
breed of
dog of the
spaniel type, developed in the United Kingdom. It is the largest of the spaniels, and comes in predominantly white with either lemon or orange markings. The name of the breed is taken from
Clumber Park in
Nottinghamshire where the breed was first developed. It is a gundog that specialises in hunting in heavy cover. They are gentle and loyal, and can act aloof with strangers. They have several habits which could be considered disadvantages, including a constant shedding of its coat and snoring.
The history of the breed is uncertain prior to the mid-19th century with two theories being prevalent. Clumber Spaniels have been kept and bred by various members of the British Royal Family, including
Prince Albert,
King Edward VII and
King George V. They were introduced into Canada in 1844, and in 1884 became one of the first ten breeds recognised by the
American Kennel Club. The breed can suffer from a variety of breed-specific ailments varying in severity from temporary lameness due to bone growth whilst young to
hip dysplasia or
spinal disc herniation. (Full article...)
The Labrador Retriever ("Labrador" or "Lab" for short), is a retriever, and is the most popular breed of dog (by registered ownership) in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The breed is friendly, intelligent, energetic and good natured, making them excellent companions and working dogs. Labrador Retrievers are known to be one of the fastest-learning breeds of dog and respond well to praise and positive attention. The steady temperament of Labs and their ability to learn quickly make them an ideal breed for
assistance dogs as well as
search and rescue, detection, and
therapy work.
Detection dog training in U.S. Navy military for drug detection
A detection dog or sniffer dog is a
dog that is trained to use its
senses to detect substances such as
explosives,
illegal drugs, wildlife scat, currency,
blood, and
contraband electronics such as illicit mobile phones. The sense most used by detection dogs is
smell.
Hunting dogs that search for
game, and
search and rescue dogs that work to find missing humans are generally not considered detection dogs but fit instead under their own categories. There is some overlap, as in the case of
cadaver dogs, trained to search for human remains.
A
police dog is essentially a detection dog that is used as a resource for police in specific scenarios such as conducting drug raids, finding missing criminals, and locating stashed currency. Frequently, detection dogs are thought to be used for law enforcement purposes. Experts say that dog-sniff evidence should not be used in the criminal justice system, pointing to wrongful convictions, human biases that skew animal behavior, and the lack of systematic research into what dogs detect or how they do it. (Full article...)
Image 10A drawing by
Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. (from Dog behavior)
Image 25Schematic anatomy of the ear. In dogs, the ear canal has a "L" shape, with the vertical canal (first half) and the horizontal canal (deeper half, ending with the eardrum) (from Dog anatomy)
Image 45The difference in body size between a
Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a
Yorkshire Terrier is over 30-fold; both are members of the same species. (from Dog anatomy)
...that the stray dogs Bummer and Lazarus(pictured) were so popular with the people of
San Francisco in the 1860s that they were given special exemption from the leash laws?
...that Manuel Benito de Castro assumed the Presidency of
Cundinamarca, with the condition that he would be allowed to leave Congress at a certain time to feed his dog?
...that the namesake for Hondo Dog Park in
Hillsboro, Oregon, won an award for valor just weeks before being killed in the line of duty?
...that most of the
dogs seen in the 2007
Thai film, Ma-Mha, were strays rescued from shelters and trained specifically for the film?
...that the Caucasian Shepherd Dog is generally a low activity
dog, seemingly
lethargic when not working, but extremely agile and convincing when it feels that its family is threatened?
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