Portal:Cyprus References

The Cyprus Portal

Cyprus ( /ˈsaɪprəs/ ^ⓘ), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, north of the Sinai Peninsula, south of the Anatolian Peninsula, and west of the Levant. It is geographically a part of West Asia, but its cultural ties and geopolitics are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the third-largest and third-most populous island in the Mediterranean. It is east of Greece, north of Egypt, south of Turkey, and west of Lebanon and Syria. Its capital and largest city is Nicosia. The northeast portion of the island is de facto governed by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains include the well-preserved ruins from the Hellenistic period such as Salamis and Kourion, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Eastern Mediterranean, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 ( de jure until 1914).

Cyprus was placed under the United Kingdom's administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by the UK in 1914. The future of the island became a matter of disagreement between the two prominent ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots, who made up 77% of the population in 1960, and Turkish Cypriots, who made up 18% of the population. From the 19th century onwards, the Greek Cypriot population pursued enosis, union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. The Turkish Cypriot population initially advocated the continuation of the British rule, then demanded the annexation of the island to Turkey, and in the 1950s, together with Turkey, established a policy of taksim, the partition of Cyprus and the creation of a Turkish polity in the north. ( Full article...)

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Satellite image of Cyprus in 2022

Cyprus is an island country in the Eastern Basin of the Mediterranean Sea. It is the third-largest island in the Mediterranean, after the Italian islands of Sicily and Sardinia, and the 80th-largest island in the world by area. It is located south of the Anatolian Peninsula, yet it belongs to the Cyprus Arc. Geographically, Cyprus is located in West Asia, but the country is considered a European country in political geography. Cyprus also had lengthy periods of mainly Greek and intermittent Anatolian, Levantine, Byzantine, Turkish, and Western European influence.

The island is dominated by two mountain ranges, the Troodos Mountains and the Kyrenia Mountains or Pentadaktylos, and the central plain, the Mesaoria, between them. The Troodos Mountains cover most of the southern and western portions of the island and account for roughly half its area. The narrow Kyrenia Range extends along the northern coastline. It is not as high as the Troodos Mountains, and it occupies substantially less area. The two mountain ranges run generally parallel to the Taurus Mountains on the Turkish mainland, the outlines of which are visible from northern Cyprus. Coastal lowlands, varying in width, surround the island. ( Full article...)

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Cyprus news

14 April 2024 –: Cyprus suspends Syrian asylum applications as it struggles with increasing numbers of refugees. (Reuters)

General images

The following are images from various Cyprus-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1 Nikos Christodoulides, President of Cyprus since February 2023 (from Cyprus)
Image 2Hoisting the British flag at Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 3 Greek Cypriot demonstrations for Enosis (union with Greece) in 1930 (from Cyprus)
Image 4Archaeological site of Khirokitia with early remains of human habitation during the Aceramic Neolithic period (reconstruction) (from Cyprus)
Image 5 Büyük Han, a caravanserai in Nicosia, is an example of the surviving Ottoman architecture in Cyprus. (from Cyprus)
Image 6 Presidential Palace, Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 7A Sentinel-2 image of Cyprus taken in 2022 (from Cyprus)
Image 8 Atatürk Square, North Nicosia in 2006 (from Cyprus problem)
Image 9Ethnic map of Cyprus according to the 1960 census (from Cyprus)
Image 10The north–south checkpoint has been open since 2003 (from Cyprus problem)
Image 11 Laouto, dominant instrument of the Cypriot traditional music (from Cyprus)
Image 12Opening of Ledra Street in April 2008 (from Cyprus problem)
Image 13The Armenian Alphabet at the Melkonian Educational Institute. Armenian is recognised as a minority language in Cyprus. (from Cyprus)
Image 14 Ioannis Kigalas ( c. 1622–1687) was a Nicosia born Greek Cypriot scholar and professor of Philosophy who was largely active in the 17th century. (from Cyprus)
Image 15Cypriot style café in an arcade in Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 16Street close to the Nicosia border (from Cyprus problem)
Image 17
Accession of Cyprus to the European Union in 2004
(from Cyprus problem)
Image 18Welcoming ceremony of the former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev by the soldiers of the Cypriot National Guard. (from Cyprus)
Image 19Base ring vessel of Late Bronze Age (from History of Cyprus)
Image 20 Kouris Dam overflow in April 2012 (from Cyprus)
Image 21A copper mine in Cyprus. In antiquity, Cyprus was a major source of copper. (from Cyprus)
Image 22 Kyrenia Castle was originally built by the Byzantines and enlarged by the Venetians. (from Cyprus)
Image 23Ayia Paraskevi Byzantine church in Yeroskipou, Cyprus (from History of Cyprus)
Image 24Former UN secretary-general Kofi Annan was the creator of the Annan plan. (from Cyprus problem)
Image 25Ottoman admiral, geographer and cartographer Piri Reis' historical map of Cyprus (from Cyprus problem)
Image 26 Zeno of Citium, founder of the Stoic school of philosophy (from Cyprus)
Image 27Street in the divided capital of Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 28 Cathedral of Saint Nicholas, consecrated in 1328, the largest medieval building in Famagusta, where the Kings of Cyprus were crowned also as Kings of Jerusalem. In 1571 having fallen to the Ottoman Empire it became the Mosque of Mağusa, and remains a mosque today (from History of Cyprus)
Image 29
  Under the control of the Republic of Cyprus
  The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
   Turkey
   Greece
(from Cyprus problem)
Image 30Statue of Liberty symbolising the independence of Cyprus. (from History of Cyprus)
Image 31The "Green Line" in Nicosia, Cyprus. (from Cyprus problem)
Image 32Cypri insvla nova descript 1573, Ioannes á Deutecum f[ecit]. Map of Cyprus newly drawn by Johannes van Deutecom, 1573. (from Cyprus)
Image 33A map showing the division of Cyprus (from Cyprus)
Image 34A Greek Cypriot demonstration in the 1930s in favour of Enosis (union) with Greece (from Cyprus problem)
Image 35 Spyros Kyprianou Athletic Centre in Limassol (from Cyprus)
Image 36Greek Cypriot negotiator Andreas Mavroyiannis and the Turkish Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs Feridun Sinirlioğlu, in Ankara, within the scope of the 2014 Cyprus talks (from Cyprus problem)
Image 37Typical Cypriot architecture in old part of Nicosia, Cyprus (from Cyprus)
Image 38 Central Bank of Cyprus (from Cyprus)
Image 39Zeus Keraunios, 500-480 BC, Nicosia museum (from History of Cyprus)
Image 402010 population by age and gender (from Cyprus)
Image 41Population growth, 1961–2003 (numbers for the entire island, excluding Turkish settlers residing in Northern Cyprus). (from Cyprus)
Image 42Supreme Court of Justice (from Cyprus)
Image 43Proposed flag of the United Republic of Cyprus (from Cyprus problem)
Image 44The Troodos Mountains experience heavy snowfall in winter. (from Cyprus)
Image 45Zeus Keraunios, 500–480 BC, Nicosia museum (from Cyprus)
Image 46Cypriot cult image. 'Red Polished Ware', 2100–2000 BC. Museum zu Allerheiligen (from History of Cyprus)
Image 47The entrance of the historic Pancyprian Gymnasium (from Cyprus)
Image 48Limassol General Hospital (from Cyprus)
Image 49The Walls of Nicosia were built by the Venetians to defend the city in case of an Ottoman attack. (from Cyprus)
Image 50Cypriot meze (from Cyprus)
Image 51 Faneromeni School is the oldest all-girl primary school in Cyprus. (from Cyprus)
Image 52Cypriot demonstrations for Enosis (Union) with Greece. (from History of Cyprus)
Image 53Turkish rally in Nicosia in January 1958 (from Cyprus problem)
Image 54"TAKSİM" (division) graffiti on a wall in Nicosia in the late 1950s (from Cyprus problem)
Image 55Sea caves at Cape Greco (from Cyprus)
Image 56Cyprus is part of a monetary union, the eurozone (dark blue) and of the EU single market. (from Cyprus)
Image 57 Dhekelia Power Station (from Cyprus)
Image 58Cypriot Halloumi (from Cyprus)
Image 59Foreign Ministers of the European Union countries in Limassol during Cyprus Presidency of the EU in 2012 (from Cyprus)
Image 60 Varosha (Maraş), a suburb of Famagusta, was abandoned when its inhabitants fled in 1974 and remains under Turkish military control. (from Cyprus)
Image 61Red-polished ceramics from Enkomi, 1900–1725 BC. St. Barnabas Archaeological Museum, Salamis, Cyprus (from History of Cyprus)
Image 62Cyprus in 1482 (from History of Cyprus)
Image 63 Khirokitia archeological site. (from History of Cyprus)
Image 64A British soldier facing a crowd of Greek Cypriot demonstrators in Nicosia (1956) (from Cyprus)