The offensive operations started in 1810 and ended in 1817, with the defeat of the forces commanded by
Gregorio Aráoz de La Madrid at the battle of Sopuchay, the last attempt to advance into Upper Peru. Since then, only defensive operations on the Northern frontier were carried on, as the offensive had been transferred to the
Army of the Andes, commanded by
José de San Martín, who devised the strategy of reaching the main
royalist stronghold,
Lima, through
Chile. In 1820 the Army of the North was summoned to intervene in the internal strife between the
central government in Buenos Aires and the
Federal League provincial
caudillo leaders. Shortly after, the
Arequito Revolt led by the independentist veterans who refused to fight a civil war instead of an independence war, effectively ended the existence of the Army of the North...
The Paraná Delta has an area of about 14,000 km2 (5,405 sq mi) and starts to form between the cities of
Santa Fe and
Rosario, where the river splits into several arms, creating a network of islands and
wetlands. Most of it is located in the jurisdiction of Entre Ríos, and parts in the north of
Buenos Aires.
Image 13The changing state of Argentina. The light green area was allocated to indigenous peoples, the light pink area was the
Liga Federal, the hatched areas are subject to change during the period. (from History of Argentina)
Image 14The ousting of President
Arturo Illia was initially broadly supported but later deeply regretted by the Argentine population. (from History of Argentina)
Image 15Artifacts at the Pío Pablo Díaz Museum in
Cachi, Salta Province. One of several in Argentina devoted to the ethnology of indigenous peoples (from Indigenous peoples in Argentina)
Image 40Néstor Kirchner served as President of Argentina from 2003 to 2007. His presidency marked the ideology called Kirchnerism. (from History of Argentina)
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