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The 1990s Portal

P:1990s

The 1990s (pronounced "nineteen-nineties"; shortened to "the '90s") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on 1 January 1990, and ended on 31 December 1999.

Culturally, the 1990s are characterized by the rise of multiculturalism and alternative media, which continues into the present day. Movements such as hip hop, the rave scene and grunge spread around the world to young people during that decade, aided by then-new technology such as cable television and the World Wide Web.

In the absence of world communism, which collapsed in the first two years of the decade, the 1990s was politically defined by a movement towards the right-wing, including increase in support for far-right parties in Europe^[1] as well as the advent of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party^[2] and cuts in social spending in the United States,^[3] Canada,^[4] New Zealand,^[5] and the UK.^[6] The United States also saw a massive revival in the use of the death penalty in the 1990s, which reversed in the early 21st century.^[7] During the 1990s the character of the European Union and Euro were formed and codified in treaties.

A combination of factors, including the continued mass mobilization of capital markets through neo-liberalism, the thawing of the decades-long Cold War, the beginning of the widespread proliferation of new media such as the Internet from the middle of the decade onwards, increasing skepticism towards government, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union led to a realignment and reconsolidation of economic and political power across the world and within countries. The dot-com bubble of 1997–2000 brought wealth to some entrepreneurs before its crash between 2000 and 2001.

The 1990s saw extreme advances in technology, with the World Wide Web, the first gene therapy trial, and the first designer babies^[8] all emerging in 1990 and being improved and built upon throughout the decade.

New ethnic conflicts emerged in Africa, the Balkans, and the Caucasus, the former two which led to the Rwandan and Bosnian genocides, respectively. Signs of any resolution of tensions between Israel and the Arab world remained elusive despite the progress of the Oslo Accords, though The Troubles in Northern Ireland came to a standstill in 1998 with the Good Friday Agreement after 30 years of violence.^[9]

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Human skulls at the Nyamata Genocide Memorial Centre

The Rwandan genocide, also known as the genocide against the Tutsi, occurred between 7 April and 19 July 1994 during the Rwandan Civil War. During this period of around 100 days, members of the Tutsi minority ethnic group, as well as some moderate Hutu and Twa, were killed by armed Hutu militias. Although the Constitution of Rwanda states that more than 1 million people perished in the genocide, the actual number of fatalities is unclear, and some estimates suggest that the real number killed was likely lower. The most widely accepted scholarly estimates are around 500,000 to 800,000 Tutsi deaths.

In 1990, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a rebel group composed mostly of Tutsi refugees, invaded northern Rwanda from their base in Uganda, initiating the Rwandan Civil War. Over the course of the next three years, neither side was able to gain a decisive advantage. In an effort to bring the war to a peaceful end, the Rwandan government led by Hutu president, Juvénal Habyarimana signed the Arusha Accords with the RPF on 4 August 1993. The catalyst became Habyarimana's assassination on 6 April 1994, creating a power vacuum and ending peace accords. Genocidal killings began the following day when majority Hutu soldiers, police, and militia murdered key Tutsi and moderate Hutu military and political leaders. ( Full article...)

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... that the singer Luci van Org followed up her mainstream success from the 1990s by starting a "Latin–disco–pop–country crossover" band?
... that Collingwood coach Robert Harvey gave Anton Tohill his AFL debut in 2021, having played International Rules Series against Tohill's father in the 1990s?
... that Bulkboeken ('bulk books') were cheap reprints of Dutch literary classics, published from 1971 to the late 1990s, and again from 2007?
... that Cliff Christl, who became the Green Bay Packers team historian in 2014, estimated that he had recorded more than 250 oral histories with past players and coaches since the 1990s?
... that Derek Jeter discusses his biracial upbringing and experiencing racism in Michigan in the 1980s and 1990s in The Captain?
... that in the early 1990s, several TV stations in Northern California experimented with moving prime time up an hour?

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Apartheid

Nelson Mandela voting during the South African general election, 1994, which marked the end of Apartheid

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Jordan in April 2014

Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials MJ, is an American businessman and former professional basketball player. He played fifteen seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) between 1984 and 2003, winning six NBA championships with the Chicago Bulls. He was integral in popularizing basketball and the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s, becoming a global cultural icon. His profile on the NBA website states "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time."

Jordan played college basketball with the North Carolina Tar Heels. As a freshman, he was a member of the Tar Heels' national championship team in 1982. Jordan joined the Bulls in 1984 as the third overall draft pick and quickly emerged as a league star, entertaining crowds with his prolific scoring while gaining a reputation as one of the best defensive players. His leaping ability, demonstrated by performing slam dunks from the free-throw line in Slam Dunk Contests, earned him the nicknames "Air Jordan" and "His Airness". Jordan won his first NBA title with the Bulls in 1991 and followed that achievement with titles in 1992 and 1993, securing a three-peat. Following the murder of his father, Jordan abruptly retired from basketball before the 1993–94 NBA season to play Minor League Baseball in the Chicago White Sox organization, but returned to the Bulls in March 1995 and led them to three more championships in 1996, 1997, and 1998, as well as a then-record 72 regular season wins in the 1995–96 NBA season. He retired for the second time in January 1999, returning for two more NBA seasons from 2001 to 2003 as a member of the Washington Wizards. During his professional career, he was selected to play for the United States national team, winning four gold medals—at the 1983 Pan American Games, 1984 Summer Olympics, 1992 Tournament of the Americas and 1992 Summer Olympics—while also being undefeated. ( Full article...)

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The following are images from various 1990s-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Nude and darker shades of lipstick seemed popular throughout the decade. ( Fran Drescher, 1996) (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 2 Hubble Space Telescope. (from 1990s)
Image 3Example of late 1990s gothic fashion. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 4 Kurt Cobain, 1992. He wears grunge clothing, popular from 1991 to 1996. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 5 Street Fighter II (arcade, 1991) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 6 Moby, 2009 (from 1990s in music)
Image 7 Jonathan Brandis in a Grunge-style flannel shirt and curtained hair in 1993 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 8 Slip dresses first became widely worn in the mid-1990s, as part of the underwear-as-outerwear trend. ( Jane Leeves, 1995) (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 9 Butterfly and floral clips, worn in the mid and late 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 10Women's rights demonstration in Paris, November 1995 (from 1990s)
Image 11A pair of British Knights. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 12 The Smashing Pumpkins (from 1990s in music)
Image 13A typical early 1990s personal computer. (from 1990s)
Image 14 Maná in concert. (from 1990s in music)
Image 15Acid washed jean shorts with grunge and hippie inspired DIY slogans and pictures. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 16The Dow Jones Index of the 1990s (from 1990s)
Image 17The logo created by The President's Council on the Year 2000 Conversion, for use on Y2K.gov (from 1990s)
Image 18 Bush and Gorbachev at the 1990 Helsinki summit. (from 1990s)
Image 19 Nelson Mandela voting in 1994, after thirty years of imprisonment. (from 1990s)
Image 20Black Barbour bucket hat. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 21 D'Angelo is considered a key pioneer of the neo-soul movement. (from 1990s in music)
Image 22 Game Gear (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 23Block-heeled shoes, popular from 1995 to 2001. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 24 Alanis Morissette (from 1990s in music)
Image 25 Nine Inch Nails, 2005 (from 1990s in music)
Image 26 Converse All Stars, popular in the early 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 27The 1999 İzmit earthquake, which occurred in northwestern Turkey, killed 17,217 and injured 43,959. (from 1990s)
Image 28Crowd of rave-goers, 1995. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 29 Bomber jacket with orange lining, popular from the mid- to late-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 30 Rwandan genocide: Genocide victims in Murambi Technical School. Estimates put the death toll of the Rwandan genocide as high as 800,000 people. (from 1990s)
Image 31The federal building that was bombed in the Oklahoma City bombing two days after the bombing, viewed from across the adjacent parking lot. (from 1990s)
Image 32 Green Day, 2010 (from 1990s in music)
Image 33The German electronic rock duo Das Ich, 1993. Their aspect shows the influence of the goth look which returned in the 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 34Women's side gusset shoes were popular among preppy and hip-hop subcultures in the mid- to late-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 35 Nirvana brought both grunge and alternative rock to the mainstream in late 1991. (from 1990s in music)
Image 36The catsuit became a trend in the late 1990s. Normally made of latex, PVC, or spandex, it was often worn with high-heeled boots. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 37 Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, United States President Bill Clinton, and Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Chairman Yasser Arafat during the signing of the Oslo Accords on 13 September 1993. (from 1990s)
Image 38 Lois McMaster Bujold with pixie cut and denim western shirt, 1996. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 39 Thrustmaster T2 (1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 40Red and cream Indian woman's saree, late 1990s (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 41Dutch high school prom, 1994. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 42Swedish teenager with mullet haircut and abstract jumper, 1991. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 43 Luis Miguel, first Latin idol of the decade (from 1990s in music)
Image 44The crash site of El Al Flight 1862 in 1992. (from 1990s)
Image 45 Natalie Imbruglia, 2015 (from 1990s in music)
Image 46Church members exhibiting assorted fashion trends. Amman, 1998. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 47 Pavement (from 1990s in music)
Image 48 Galaxian3: Project Dragoon (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 49 Game Boy Color (1998) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 50 Garage punk band, 1997 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 51 Tim McGraw (from 1990s in music)
Image 52Miniature model from MS Estonia (from 1990s)
Image 53 Virtual Boy (1995) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 54Dancers at the 1992 Snoqualmie Moondance Festival in Snoqualmie, Washington. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 55 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy (from 1990s in music)
Image 56Model wearing a midriff shirt, a silver necklace, low ponytail and straight-leg leggings, 1999. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 57Young man in 1995, sporting a short undercut hairstyle. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 58Woman wearing a polo shirt with a popped collar. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 59Young woman standing on sidewalk, Uptown New Orleans, 1992. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 60Go-go boots became fashionable again in 1995. They were worn by women of the hip-hop, alternative, and dance subcultures. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 61 Seinfeld, which premiered on NBC in 1989, became a commercial success and cultural phenomenon by 1993. (from 1990s)
Image 62 Dance Dance Revolution (1998) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 63 Baseball jackets were popular among hip-hop fans in the mid-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 64The compact disc reached its peak in popularity in the 1990s, and not once did another audio format surpass the CD in music sales from 1991 throughout the remainder of the decade. By 2000, the CD accounted for 92.3% of the entire market share in regard to music sales. (from 1990s)
Image 65 Thalía rose to fame as a member of the musical group Timbiriche. (from 1990s in music)
Image 66Group of high school students, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 67A Dassault Falcon 50 similar to the one shot down in the assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira (from 1990s)
Image 68US, Canadian, and Mexican dignitaries initialing the draft North American Free Trade Agreement in October 1992 (from 1990s)
Image 69 Yitzhak Rabin (from 1990s)
Image 70 Chokers, popular in the mid- and late-1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 71 Friends, which premiered on NBC in 1994 became one of the most popular sitcoms of all time. From left, clockwise: Lisa Kudrow, Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Matthew Perry, Matt LeBlanc, and David Schwimmer, the six main actors of Friends. (from 1990s)
Image 72From top left, clockwise: The Hubble Space Telescope orbits the Earth after it was launched in 1990; American jets fly over burning oil fields in the 1991 Gulf War; the Oslo Accords on 13 September 1993; the World Wide Web gains massive popularity worldwide; Boris Yeltsin greets crowds after the failed August Coup, which leads to the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December 1991; Dolly the sheep is the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell; the funeral procession of Diana, Princess of Wales, who died in a 1997 car crash, and was mourned by millions; hundreds of thousands of Tutsi people are killed in the Rwandan genocide of 1994 (from 1990s)
Image 73Two women wearing bandanas, 1999. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 74The highest-grossing film of the decade was James Cameron's Titanic (1997), which remains one of the highest-grossing films of all time. (from 1990s)
Image 75Razer Boomslang (first gaming mouse, 1999) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 76 Eurostar logo 1994–2011 (from 1990s)
Image 77 Oasis were the biggest band of the 1990s Britpop scene and the only band to make a significant impact in the US market. (from 1990s in music)
Image 78 Pagers became widely popular. (from 1990s)
Image 79A man wearing a power suit, popular in the European workplace. The suit jacket is double-breasted with large shoulder pads. Photograph taken in 1998. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 80 Executive council building burns in Sarajevo after being hit by Bosnian Serb artillery in the Bosnian War. (from 1990s)
Image 81 Bob cuts were favored by women. ( Saffron, 1996) (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 82Actress Paula Abdul wearing semi-transparent black dress, curled hair and smoky eye makeup, 1990. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 83 Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 84In 1994, Lisa Loeb became the first artist to score a No. 1 hit with " Stay (I Missed You)" before signing to any record label. (from 1990s in music)
Image 85 Dreamcast (1998) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 86Sasha using Ableton Live at a nightclub. (from 1990s in music)
Image 87Blue wide-leg jeans. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 88 Game Boy Pocket (1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 89Example of 1990s men's and women's fashion, 1994 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 90 Microsoft SideWinder Force Feedback Pro (1997) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 91 Red Hot Chili Peppers (from 1990s in music)
Image 92 African-American teenager with Hitop fade, popular in the early 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 93 Dixie Chicks (from 1990s in music)
Image 94Group of young children displaying various fashion trends. Amman, 1998. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 95 Neo Geo (1990) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 96Trio in 1995 wearing neutral-colored tops and relaxed-fit, slim-leg pants and jeans. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 97 Cargo pants. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 98Typical late 1990s fashions, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 99 Garth Brooks (from 1990s in music)
Image 100Korn, 1997 (from 1990s in music)
Image 101Actress Liv Tyler sporting a pixie cut, 1998 (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 102 Boris Yeltsin and Bill Clinton share a laugh in October 1995. (from 1990s)
Image 103Woman wearing a crop top and bell-bottoms, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 104US First Lady Hillary Clinton wearing a straw hat, 1995. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 105Woman dressed in black maxi skirt, top and hat, 1995. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 106 Slap bracelet worn by young girls in the early 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 107 Nintendo 64 (1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 108 Atari Jaguar (1993) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 109 PlayStation (1994) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 110 Sega Saturn (1994) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 111 Blink-182 performing in 1995, whose 1999 album Enema of The State became a pivotal moment for contemporary pop punk (from 1990s)
Image 112Woman with Rachel haircut, late 1990s. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 113 Dolly the sheep is the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell. (from 1990s)
Image 114An early portable CD player, a Sony Discman model D121. (from 1990s)
Image 115 Game.com (1997) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 116 Metal Slug (arcade, 1996) (from 1990s in video games)
Image 117 Gloria Estefan (from 1990s in music)
Image 118A pair of Eurostar trains at the former Waterloo International since moved to St Pancras International (from 1990s)
Image 119Electronic musician and DJ James Lavelle dressed in club attire, 1997. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 120Long maxi skirt in a Liberty floral print. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 121Mobile phones gained massive popularity worldwide during the decade. (from 1990s)
Image 122Flag map of the world from 1992 (from 1990s)
Image 123Swedish hip-hop fans watch Public Enemy perform in 1991. (from 1990s in fashion)
Image 124 Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in 1990 in Seattle, Washington. (from 1990s in music)
Image 125 3DO Interactive Multiplayer (1993) (from 1990s in video games)

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Money No Enough ( Chinese: 钱不够用; pinyin: Qián Bǔgòu Yòng) is a 1998 Singaporean comedy film written by Jack Neo, directed by Tay Teck Lock, and produced by JSP films. The movie stars Neo, Mark Lee and Henry Thia as three close and best friends who start a car polishing business together to resolve their financial problems. Released in cinemas on 7 May 1998, the film received mixed reviews from critics but earned over S$5.8 million and was the all-time highest-grossing Singaporean film until 2012. Its success helped revive the Singaporean film industry and pave the way for the emergence of other Singaporean cultural phenomena.

It was followed by a second standalone installment titled Money No Enough 2, which was directed by Neo, and also starring Thia, Lee and Neo himself, and was released during the National Day period on 31st July 2008. A third standalone installment titled Money No Enough 3, was also directed by Neo and also stars Lee, Thia and Neo himself, and is released during Chinese New Year period on the 1st February 2024. ( Full article...)
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Ghost in the Shell is a 1995 adult animated neo-noir cyberpunk thriller film directed by Mamoru Oshii and adapted by frequent Oshii collaborator Kazunori Itō. The film is based on the manga of the same name by Masamune Shirow. It stars the voices of Atsuko Tanaka, Akio Ōtsuka, and Iemasa Kayumi. It is a Japanese-British international co-production, executive produced by Kodansha, Bandai Visual and Manga Entertainment, with animation provided by Production I.G.

The film is set in 2029 in the fictional New Port City and follows Motoko Kusanagi, a cyborg public-security agent, who hunts an enigmatic hacker/ghost known as the Puppet Master. The narrative incorporates philosophical themes that focus on self-identity in a technologically advanced world. The music, composed by Kenji Kawai, includes vocals in classical Japanese. The film's visuals were created through a combination of traditional cel animation and CGI animation. ( Full article...)
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Kuch Kuch Hota Hai is a 1998 Indian Hindi-language musical romance film written and directed by Karan Johar and produced by his father Yash Johar under Dharma Productions. It stars Shah Rukh Khan, Kajol, and Rani Mukherji, along with Salman Khan in an extended special appearance. It also features Sana Saeed in a supporting role. The plot combines two love triangles set years apart. The first half covers friends on a college campus, while the second tells the story of a widower's young daughter who tries to reunite her dad with his old best friend.

Filmed in India, Mauritius and Scotland, this was Johar's directorial debut. One of his goals for the film was to set a new level for style in Hindi cinema. The music was composed by Jatin–Lalit, which was the biggest seller of the year. Kuch Kuch Hota Hai was released on 16 October 1998, worldwide and received positive reviews from critics who praised the setting, music, direction, cinematography, screenplay, performances and overall presentation. The film was successful in India and abroad, becoming the highest-grossing Indian film of the year and the third highest-grossing Indian film at that time. Outside India, the film was the highest-grossing Hindi film ever until its record was broken by Karan Johar's next directorial, Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham... (2001). ( Full article...)
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Toy Story is a 1995 American animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. The first installment in the franchise of the same name, it was the first entirely computer-animated feature film, as well as the first feature film from Pixar. It was directed by John Lasseter (in his feature directorial debut) and produced by Bonnie Arnold and Ralph Guggenheim, from a screenplay written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen, and Alec Sokolow and a story by Lasseter, Stanton, Pete Docter, and Joe Ranft. The film features music by Randy Newman, and was executive-produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull. The film features the voices of Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Don Rickles, Jim Varney, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Annie Potts, R. Lee Ermey, John Morris, Laurie Metcalf, and Erik von Detten.

Taking place in a world where toys come to life when humans are not present, the plot of Toy Story focuses on the relationship between an old-fashioned pullstring cowboy doll named Woody and a modern space cadet action figure, Buzz Lightyear, as Woody develops jealousy towards Buzz when he becomes their owner Andy's favorite toy. ( Full article...)
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Parasite Eve ( Japanese: パラサイト・イヴ, Hepburn: Parasaito Ivu) is a 1997 Japanese science fiction film that was directed by Masayuki Ochiai and is based on the 1995 novel Parasite Eve by Hideaki Sena. Kiyomi ( Riona Hazuki), the wife of Toshiaki Nagashima ( Hiroshi Mikami), is left brain dead after a traffic accident on the day of their first wedding anniversary. Nagashima attempts to make Kiyomi live again by making a deal with a doctor who wants to harvest Kiyomi's kidneys for transplanting into a young girl in the same hospital. Nagashima agrees on the condition that he can have his wife's liver. While Nagashima experiments with the organ, the doctor finds one night the samples have emerged as a gelatinous form in the form of Toshiaki's dead wife and reveal themselves as an organization of sentient mitochondria that are bent on making a new species that will wipe out humanity.

In 1997, Kadokawa Shoten decided to use the film production side of its business to develop a film version of Parasite Eve, making it its first film in three years. The film was co-produced by Kadokawa and Fuji TV's Motion Picture Division. Ochiai made his debut as a feature film director, having worked in Japanese television on horror series such as Night Head. Parasite Eve was filmed in eight weeks with a budget of ¥550 million. Ochiai was not entirely pleased with the result of the film, feeling he was pressured to push the love story element of the story, later saying there were "so many compromises I had to make that it couldn't be a true horror movie". The film was released in Japan on February 1, 1997, with limited release outside the country. It received mixed reviews; The Daily Yomiuri found the film "mildly enjoyable at times" and Fangoria called it "flawed but fascinating". ( Full article...)
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Striptease is a 1996 American black comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by Andrew Bergman, and starring Demi Moore, Armand Assante, Ving Rhames, Robert Patrick and Burt Reynolds. Based on Floridian crime writer Carl Hiaasen's 1993 best-selling novel of the same name, the film centers on an FBI secretary-turned- stripper who becomes involved in both a child-custody dispute and corrupt politics.

Moore was paid a then-unprecedented $12.5 million to star in Striptease, making her the highest-paid film actress up to that time. Released theatrically on June 28, 1996, by Columbia Pictures and produced by Castle Rock Entertainment, the film grossed $113 million worldwide against its $50 million budget. However, it was panned by critics, won six Golden Raspberry Awards including Worst Picture, and has come to be evaluated as one of the worst movies ever made. The debacle of the film marked a downturn in Moore's career. ( Full article...)
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Strange Days is a 1995 American science fiction thriller film directed by Kathryn Bigelow, from a screenplay by James Cameron and Jay Cocks, and based on a story by Cameron. The film stars Ralph Fiennes, Angela Bassett, Juliette Lewis, Tom Sizemore, Michael Wincott, and Vincent D'Onofrio. Set in Los Angeles on the last two days of 1999, the film follows Lenny Nero (Fiennes), a black marketeer of an electronic device that allows a user to experience the recorded memories and physical sensations of other people, and Lornette "Mace" Mason (Bassett), a bodyguard and limousine driver, as they are drawn into a criminal conspiracy involving Nero's ex-girlfriend Faith Justin (Lewis) and the murder of a prostitute.

Blending science fiction with film noir conventions, Strange Days explores themes such as racism, abuse of power, rape and voyeurism. Although the story was conceived by Cameron around 1986, Bigelow found inspiration from high profile incidents such as the Lorena Bobbitt incident and the 1992 Los Angeles riots. Principal photography began in Los Angeles on June 6, 1994, and concluded on October 14. Several of the film's scenes, which offer a point-of-view shot, required multi-faceted cameras and considerable technical preparation. ( Full article...)
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Fantasia 2000 is a 1999 American animated musical anthology film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Produced by Roy E. Disney and Donald W. Ernst, it is the sequel to Disney's 1940 animated feature film Fantasia. Like its predecessor, Fantasia 2000 consists of animated segments set to pieces of classical music. Segments are introduced by celebrities including Steve Martin, Itzhak Perlman, Quincy Jones, Bette Midler, James Earl Jones, Penn & Teller, James Levine, and Angela Lansbury in live action scenes directed by Don Hahn.

After numerous unsuccessful attempts to develop a Fantasia sequel, The Walt Disney Company revived the idea shortly after Michael Eisner became chief executive officer in 1984. Development paused until the commercial success of the 1991 home video release of Fantasia convinced Eisner that there was enough public interest and funds for a sequel, to which he assigned Disney as executive producer. The music for six of the film's eight segments is performed by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra conducted by James Levine. The film includes The Sorcerer's Apprentice from the 1940 original. Each new segment was produced by combining traditional animation with computer-generated imagery. Fantasia 2000 is also generally linked to the Disney Renaissance, as it commemorates to Walt Disney's third animated feature film. ( Full article...)
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Independence Day (also promoted as ID4) is a 1996 American science fiction action film co- written, directed and co- executive produced by Roland Emmerich, co-written and produced by Dean Devlin. It stars an ensemble cast that consists of Will Smith, Bill Pullman, Jeff Goldblum, Mary McDonnell, Judd Hirsch, Margaret Colin, Randy Quaid, Robert Loggia, James Rebhorn, and Harvey Fierstein. The film focuses on disparate groups of people who converge in the Nevada desert in the aftermath of a worldwide attack by a powerful extraterrestrial race. With the other people of the world, they launch a counterattack on July 4— Independence Day in the United States.

While promoting Stargate in Europe, Emmerich conceived the film while answering a question about his belief in the existence of alien life. Devlin and Emmerich decided to incorporate a large-scale attack having noticed that aliens in most invasion films travel long distances in outer space only to remain hidden when reaching Earth. Shooting began on July 28, 1995, in New York City, and the film was completed on October 8, 1995. ( Full article...)
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The Lion King is a 1994 American animated musical coming-of-age drama film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The film was directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff (in their feature directorial debuts) and produced by Don Hahn, from a screenplay written by Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts, and Linda Woolverton. The film features an ensemble voice cast that includes Matthew Broderick, Moira Kelly, James Earl Jones, Jeremy Irons, Jonathan Taylor Thomas, Nathan Lane, Ernie Sabella, Whoopi Goldberg, Cheech Marin, Rowan Atkinson, and Robert Guillaume. Its original songs were written by composer Elton John and lyricist Tim Rice, with a score by Hans Zimmer. Inspired by African wildlife, the story is modelled primarily on William Shakespeare's stage play Hamlet with some influence from the Biblical stories of Joseph and Moses, and follows a young heir apparent who is forced to flee after his uncle kills his father and usurps the throne. After growing up in exile, the rightful king returns to challenge the usurper and end his tyrannical rule over the kingdom.

Initially, The Lion King was supposed to be a non-musical, leaning towards a style similar to that of a documentary. George Scribner, who had made his feature directorial debut with Oliver & Company (1988), was hired to direct, with Allers joining him soon after following his work as a story artist or head of story on Oliver & Company, The Little Mermaid (1989), Beauty and the Beast (1991), and Aladdin (1992). Allers brought in Brenda Chapman and Chris Sanders, whom he had worked with on Beauty and the Beast and Aladdin, to serve as head of story and production designer, respectively. ( Full article...)
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Pocahontas is a 1995 American animated musical historical drama film based on the life of Powhatan woman Pocahontas and the arrival of English colonial settlers from the Virginia Company. The film romanticizes Pocahontas's encounter with John Smith and her legendary saving of his life. It was produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures.

The film was directed by Mike Gabriel and Eric Goldberg (in his feature directorial debut) and produced by Jim Pentecost, from a screenplay written by Carl Binder, Susannah Grant, and Philip LaZebnik. It stars the voices of Irene Bedard and Mel Gibson as Pocahontas and Smith, respectively, with David Ogden Stiers, Russell Means, Christian Bale, Michelle St. John, James Apaumut Fall, Billy Connolly, Joe Baker, Gordon Tootoosis, and Linda Hunt in supporting roles. The score was composed by Alan Menken, who also wrote the film's songs with lyricist Stephen Schwartz. ( Full article...)
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GoldenEye is a 1995 spy film, the seventeenth in the James Bond Series produced by Eon Productions, and the first to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond. Directed by Martin Campbell, it was the first in the series not to utilize any story elements from the works of novelist Ian Fleming. It was also the first James Bond film not produced by Albert R. Broccoli, following his stepping down from Eon Productions and replacement by his daughter, Barbara Broccoli (along with Michael G. Wilson, although Albert was still involved as a consultant producer; it was his final film project before his death in 1996). The story was conceived and written by Michael France, with later collaboration by other writers. In the film, Bond fights to prevent a rogue ex-MI6 agent ( Sean Bean) from using a satellite weapon against London to cause a global financial meltdown.

The film was released after a six-year hiatus in the series caused by legal disputes, during which Timothy Dalton's contract for the role of James Bond expired and he decided to leave the role, so he was replaced by Brosnan. M was also recast, with actress Judi Dench becoming the first woman to portray the character, replacing Robert Brown. The role of Miss Moneypenny was also recast, with Caroline Bliss being replaced by Samantha Bond; Desmond Llewelyn was the only actor to reprise his role, as Q. It was the first Bond film made after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, which provided a background for the plot. Principal photography for GoldenEye took place in the UK, Russia, Monte Carlo and Puerto Rico; it was the inaugural film production to be shot at Leavesden Studios. The first Bond film to use computer-generated imagery (CGI), GoldenEye was also the final film of special effects supervisor Derek Meddings's career, and was dedicated to his memory. ( Full article...)
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Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! ( transl. Who am I to you?) also known by the initialism HAHK, is a 1994 Indian Hindi-language musical romantic drama film written and directed by Sooraj Barjatya and produced by Rajshri Productions. The film stars Madhuri Dixit and Salman Khan and celebrates Indian wedding traditions by means of a story of a married couple and the relationship between their families; a story about sacrificing one's love for one's family. The basic plot is based on studio's earlier film Nadiya Ke Paar (1982), which was based on Keshav Prasad Mishra's Hindi novel Kohbar Ki Shart. The film features music by Raamlaxman who also composed a 14-song soundtrack, an unusually large number of songs for that period.

Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! released on 5 August 1994, and became the highest-grossing film of the year, having grossed between ₹2 billion ($63.8 million) and ₹2.5 billion ($82 million) worldwide, It also became the highest-grossing Indian film at the time of its release. It contributed to a change in the Indian film industry, with new methods of distribution and a turn towards less violent stories. It was the first film to gross over ₹1 billion in India, and when adjusted for inflation, is the highest-grossing Indian film of the 1990s and also one of the highest-earning Bollywood films ever. Box Office India described it as "the biggest blockbuster of the modern era." ( Full article...)
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Leprechaun is a 1993 American comedy horror film written and directed by Mark Jones, and starring Warwick Davis in the title role, with Jennifer Aniston supporting. Davis plays a vengeful leprechaun who believes a family has stolen his pot of gold. As he hunts them, they attempt to locate his gold to mollify him.

Originally intended as straight horror, Davis injected humor into his role, and reshoots added increased gore to appeal to older audiences. Leprechaun was the first in-house production at Trimark Pictures for theatrical exhibition; it earned a domestic gross of $8.6 million against a budget of roughly $1 million and became a cult film. While initial reviews were negative, the commercial success prompted a series of films. ( Full article...)
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Beauty and the Beast is a 1991 American animated musical romantic fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is based on the 1756 fairy tale of the same name by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont (who was only credited in the French dub), while also containing ideas from the 1946 French film also of the same name directed by Jean Cocteau. The film was directed by Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise (in their feature directorial debuts) and produced by Don Hahn, from a screenplay by Linda Woolverton.

Beauty and the Beast focuses on the relationship between the Beast, a prince who is magically transformed into a monster and his servants into household objects as punishment for his arrogance and cruelty, and Belle, a young woman whom he imprisons in his castle in exchange for her father's freedom. To break the curse, the Beast must learn to love Belle and earn her love in return before the last petal from an enchanted rose falls, or else he will remain a monster forever. The film stars Paige O'Hara and Robby Benson as the voices of Belle and the Beast, respectively, as well as the ensemble voices of Richard White, Jerry Orbach, David Ogden Stiers, Jesse Corti, Rex Everhart, and Angela Lansbury. ( Full article...)

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Sources

^ Merkl, Peter; Leonard, Weinberg (2 August 2004). Right-wing Extremism in the Twenty-first Century. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-76421-0.
^ "India – The Bharatiya Janata Party and the Rise of Hindu Nationalism".
^ ROSEN, RUTH (27 December 1994). "Which of Us Isn't Taking 'Welfare'? : Poor children rank low in government largess; why is the comfortable class so mean?". Los Angeles Times.
^ Séguin, Gilles. "Provincial Welfare Reforms in the 1990s – Canadian Social Research Links".
^ Maloney, Tim (1 May 2002). "Welfare Reform and Unemployment in New Zealand". Economica. 69 (274): 273–293. doi: 10.1111/1468-0335.00283.
^ "Policy Exchange – Shaping the Policy Agenda" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2014.
^ https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/12/19/report-us-executions-dipped-in-2013
^ Handyside, AH; Kontogianni, EH; Hardy, K; Winston, RM (1990). "Pregnancies from biopsied human preimplantation embryos sexed by Y-specific DNA amplification". Nature. 344 (6268): 768–70. Bibcode: 1990Natur.344..768H. doi: 10.1038/344768a0. PMID 2330030.
^ Stiglitz, Joseph E. (2004). The Roaring Nineties. W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-32618-5.

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[1] Merkl, Peter; Leonard, Weinberg (2 August 2004). Right-wing Extremism in the Twenty-first Century. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-76421-0.

[2] "India – The Bharatiya Janata Party and the Rise of Hindu Nationalism".

[3] ROSEN, RUTH (27 December 1994). "Which of Us Isn't Taking 'Welfare'? : Poor children rank low in government largess; why is the comfortable class so mean?". Los Angeles Times.

[4] Séguin, Gilles. "Provincial Welfare Reforms in the 1990s – Canadian Social Research Links".

[5] Maloney, Tim (1 May 2002). "Welfare Reform and Unemployment in New Zealand". Economica. 69 (274): 273–293. doi: 10.1111/1468-0335.00283.

[6] "Policy Exchange – Shaping the Policy Agenda" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2014.

[7] ttps://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/12/19/report-us-executions-dipped-in-2013

[8] Handyside, AH; Kontogianni, EH; Hardy, K; Winston, RM (1990). "Pregnancies from biopsied human preimplantation embryos sexed by Y-specific DNA amplification". Nature. 344 (6268): 768–70. Bibcode: 1990Natur.344..768H. doi: 10.1038/344768a0. PMID 2330030.

[9] Stiglitz, Joseph E. (2004). The Roaring Nineties. W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-32618-5.

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