| Pinus oocarpa | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Pinus |
| Subgenus: | P. subg. Pinus |
| Section: | P. sect. Trifoliae |
| Subsection: | P. subsect. Australes |
| Species: | P. oocarpa
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| Binomial name | |
| Pinus oocarpa | |
| |
| Natural range of Pinus oocarpa | |
Pinus oocarpa is a species of pine tree native to Mexico and Central America. It is the national tree of Honduras, where it is known as ocote. Common names include ocote chino, [3] pino amarillo, pino avellano, Mexican yellow pine, egg-cone pine and hazelnut pine. It appears that it was the progenitor (original) species that served as the ancestor for some of the other pines of Mexico.
Habitat and range
This species ranges from latitudes of 14° to 29° north, including western Mexico, Guatemala and the higher elevations of Honduras, El Salvador and northwestern Nicaragua. An average temperature of 15 to 24 °C (59 to 75 °F) and annual rainfall of 1,000–1,900 mm (39–75 in) are needed for best development. Preferred elevations are 900–2,400 m (3,000–7,900 ft) above sea level. In El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua it grows above 800 m (2,600 ft). Pinus oocarpa var. trifoliata grows between 2,000 and 2,400 m (6,600 and 7,900 ft) above sea level.
Uses
It is an important source of commercial timber in Honduras and Central America. Pinus oocarpa was introduced for commercial production of wood for the paper industry: in Ecuador, Kenya, Zambia, Colombia, Bolivia, Queensland (Australia), Brazil and South Africa. Due to the amount of resin within the tree, many Central Americans will use small shavings to start cooking fires.
References
- ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus oocarpa". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013. IUCN: e.T42387A2976957. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42387A2976957.en. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Pinus oocarpa". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Pinus oocarpa". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
- Eguiluz, T. 1982. Clima y Distribución del género pinus en México. Distrito Federal. Mexico.
- Rzedowski, J. 1983. Vegetación de México. Distrito Federal, Mexico.
- Dvorak, W. S., G. R. Hodge, E. A. Gutiérrez, L. F. Osorio, F. S. Malan and T. K. Stanger. *2000. Conservation and Testing of Tropical and Subtropical Forest Species by the CAMCORE Cooperative. College of Natural Resources, NCSU. Raleigh, NC. USA.
- Martínez, Maximinio. 1978. Catálogo de nombres vulgares y científicos de plantas mexicanas.
External links
| Authority control databases: National |
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- IUCN Red List least concern species
- Pinus
- Plants described in 1838
- Least concern plants
- Trees of El Salvador
- Trees of Guatemala
- Trees of Honduras
- Trees of Northern America
- Trees of Nicaragua
- Flora of the Sierra Madre Occidental
- Flora of the Central American pine–oak forests
- Flora of the Sierra Madre del Sur
- Flora of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca