From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Family of gastropods
The Littorinidae are a
taxonomic family of over 200 species of
sea snails , marine
gastropod molluscs in the
clade
Littorinimorpha , commonly known as periwinkles and found worldwide.
[3]
Names
In English-speaking countries, gastropod molluscs from other families, such as the
Neritidae , are sometimes also commonly known as "winkles" because they are small, round snails that occupy a similar ecological niche.
Taxonomy
These
subfamilies have been recognized in
the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) :
Subfamily
Littorininae
Children , 1834 – synonyms: Echinininae Rosewater, 1972; Tectariinae Rosewater, 1972; Melaraphidae Starobogatov & Sitnikova, 1983
Subfamily
Lacuninae Gray, 1857 – synonyms: Risellidae Kesteven, 1903; Cremnoconchinae Preston, 1915; Bembiciidae Finlay, 1928.
Subfamily
Laevilitorininae Reid, 1989
Genera within the family Littorinidae include:
[4]
Littorininae
Afrolittorina Williams, Reid & Littlewood, 2003
Austrolittorina Rosewater, 1970
Cenchritis von Martens, 1900
Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 – synonyms: Amerolittorina Reid, 2009;
[5] Fossarilittorina Rosewater, 1981; Granulilittorina Habe & Kosuge, 1966; Lineolittorina Reid, 2009
[5]
Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834 – 39 species
Littorina
Férussac , 1822 – 18 species – type genus
Mainwaringia Nevill, 1885
[6]
Melarhaphe Menke, 1828
Nodilittorina von Martens, 1897 – this genus proved to be polyphyletic and in 2003 was divided into:
Peasiella - Nevill, 1885
Tectarius
Valenciennes , 1833 – 11 species, its synonym or subgenus includes:
Echininus Clench & Abbott, 1942.
Lacuninae
Laevilitorininae
subfamily ?
Synonyms
Corneolitorina Powell, 1951: synonym of Laevilitorina (Laevilitorina) Pfeffer in Martens & Pfeffer, 1886 represented as Laevilitorina Pfeffer, 1886
Haloconcha Dall, 1886 is a synonym for
Lacunaria Dall, 1885
Macquariella Finlay, 1926: synonym of Laevilitorina Pfeffer, 1886
Rissolittorina Ponder, 1966: synonym of Laevilitorina Pfeffer, 1886
References
^
Children J. G. (1834). Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum . ed. 28: 110.
^
a
b Strong E. E., Gargominy O.,
Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater".
Hydrobiologia 595: 149–166.
hdl :
10088/7390
doi :
10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6 .
^ Tunnell, John W.; Andrews, Jean; Barrera, Noe C.; Moretzsohn, Fabio (15 July 2010).
Encyclopedia of Texas Seashells: Identification, Ecology, Distribution, and History . Texas A&M University Press. p. 398.
ISBN
978-1-60344-141-4 .
^
World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) : Littorinidae
^
a
b Reid, D. G. (2009).
"The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean" (PDF) . Zootaxa . 2184 : 1–103.
doi :
10.11646/zootaxa.2184.1.1 .
^
a
b (file created 29 July 2010)
FRESH WATER MOLLUSCAN SPECIES IN INDIA [
permanent dead link ] . 11 pp. accessed 31 July 2010.
^ S T Williams; D G Reid; D T J Littlewood (2003).
"A molecular phylogeny of the Littorininae (Gastropoda: Littorinidae): unequal evolutionary rates, morphological parallelism, and biogeography of the Southern Ocean" . Mol Phylogenet Evol . 28 (1): 60–86.
doi :
10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00038-1 .
PMID
12801472 . Archived from
the original on 5 October 2012.
^ Blanford W. T. (1869). "Notes on some Indian and Mascarene Land-Shells".
Annals and Magazine of Natural History (4)3 :
340 -344.
page 343 .
Further reading
David G. Reid; Suzanne T. Williams (2004).
"The subfamily Littorininae in the Temperate Southern Hemisphere: the genera Nodilittorina, Austrolittorina and Afrolittorina" (PDF) . Records of the Australian Museum . 56 : 75–122.
doi :
10.3853/j.0067-1975.56.2004.1393 .