Scottish academic scientist (b.1957)
For other people called Paul Sharp, see
Paul Sharp .
Paul Martin Sharp (born 1957)
[9]
FRS
FRSE
MRIA
[12]
[13] is
Professor of
Genetics at the
University of Edinburgh , where he holds the
Alan Robertson chair of genetics in the Institute of
Evolutionary Biology .
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
Education
Sharp was educated at the
University of Edinburgh where he was awarded a
Bachelor of Science degree in 1979
[9]
[18] followed by a
PhD in 1982 for research using
quantitative genetics on the
fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster supervised by
Alan Robertson .
[14]
[5]
Career and research
Sharp has held academic posts at
Trinity College, Dublin from 1982 to 1993,
[4] the
University of Nottingham from 1993 to 2007
[4] and was appointed Professor at the University of Edinburgh in 2007.
[4]
Sharp's research investigates the evolutionary origin of
bacteria and
viruses .
[12]
[19]
[20] He has carried out important work into the origin of HIV and its transmission from chimpanzees to humans. He also discovered that the human malaria parasite,
Plasmodium , originated in
gorillas .
[12] He was one of the first researchers to use
DNA
sequence databases to gain insight into evolutionary processes. His work amplifying DNA from
chimpanzee
faecal samples showed that
HIV type 1 was transmitted to humans from a specific chimp population in
West Africa in the early 20th century. Paul went on to examine his collection of
ape faecal samples for plasmodium parasites, finding a likely candidate for the form that causes malaria in humans.
[12]
[21]
In the eighties, Sharp collaborated with
Desmond G. Higgins during the creation of
CLUSTAL ,
[10]
[11] a suite of
multiple sequence alignment programs that have become widely used and highly influential.
[22] His research has been funded by the
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).
[23] His former doctoral students include
Kenneth H. Wolfe .
Awards and honours
Sharp was elected member of the
European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 1992,
[1] and was President of the
Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution [
when? ] . He was elected member of the
Royal Irish Academy in 1993,
[18] a
Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) in 2010
[13] and a
Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2013 .
[12]
Personal life
Sharps's entry in
Who's Who lists his recreations as
hill walking ,
pteridology and, since 1967, supporting
Nottingham Forest Football Club .
[9]
References
^
a
b
"Paul M. Sharp University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom" . Hedelberg: EMBO. Archived from
the original on 19 January 2016.
^
a
b Sharp, Paul M.; Li, Wen-Hsiung (1987).
"The codon adaptation index-a measure of directional synonymous codon usage bias, and its potential applications" . Nucleic Acids Research . 15 (3): 1281–1295.
doi :
10.1093/nar/15.3.1281 .
PMC
340524 .
PMID
3547335 .
^
Paul M. Sharp publications indexed by
Google Scholar
^
a
b
c
d Paul Sharp's
ORCID
0000-0001-9771-543X
^
a
b Sharp, Paul Martin (1982). Quantitative genetics of Drosophila melanogaster : variation in male mating ability (PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh.
hdl :
1842/14397 .
OCLC
606022632 .
EThOS
uk.bl.ethos.330579 .
^
Paul M. Sharp at the
Mathematics Genealogy Project
^
Wolfe, Kenneth H. (1990).
Rates of nucleotide substitution in higher plants and mammals (PhD thesis). Trinity College, Dublin.
OCLC
842511087 .
^
"Paul M. Sharp: Computational Biology Tree" . academictree.org .
^
a
b
c
d Anon (2016).
"Sharp, Prof. Paul Martin" .
Who's Who (online
Oxford University Press ed.). Oxford: A & C Black.
doi :
10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.271679 . (Subscription or
UK public library membership required.)
^
a
b Higgins, Desmond G.; Sharp, Paul M. (1988). "CLUSTAL: a package for performing multiple sequence alignment on a microcomputer". Gene . 73 (1): 237–244.
doi :
10.1016/0378-1119(88)90330-7 .
PMID
3243435 .
^
a
b Higgins, Desmond G.; Sharp, Paul M. (1989). "Fast and sensitive multiple sequence alignments on a microcomputer". Bioinformatics . 5 (2): 151–153.
doi :
10.1093/bioinformatics/5.2.151 .
PMID
2720464 .
^
a
b
c
d
e Anon (2013).
"Professor Paul Sharp FRS" . London:
Royal Society . Archived from
the original on 17 November 2015. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: “All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License .” --
"Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies" . Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2016 . {{
cite web }}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
link )
^
a
b
"Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows as of 2016-05-13" (PDF) . Edinburgh:
Royal Society of Edinburgh . Archived from
the original (PDF) on 30 March 2016.
^
a
b
"Professor Paul M. Sharp, FRS, FRSE, MRIA: Alan Robertson Chair of Genetics" . Edinburgh:
University of Edinburgh . Archived from
the original on 12 April 2016.
^ Sharp, P. M.; Hahn, B. H. (2011).
"Origins of HIV and the AIDS Pandemic" . Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine . 1 (1): a006841.
doi :
10.1101/cshperspect.a006841 .
PMC
3234451 .
PMID
22229120 .
^
"Staff profiles: Institute of Evolutionary Biology" . Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh. Archived from
the original on 17 September 2015.
^
Paul M. Sharp publications from
Europe PubMed Central
^
a
b
"Paul Martin Sharp BSc, PhD (Edin 1979, 1982). FRS, FRSE" . Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. 19 October 2015. Archived from
the original on 13 April 2016.
^
Paul M. Sharp publications indexed by the
Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
^ Hahn, Beatrice H.; Shaw, George M.; Cock, Kevin M. De; Sharp, Paul M. (2000). "AIDS as a Zoonosis: Scientific and Public Health Implications".
Science . 287 (5453): 607–614.
Bibcode :
2000Sci...287..607H .
doi :
10.1126/science.287.5453.607 .
PMID
10649986 .
^ Gao, Feng; Bailes, Elizabeth; Robertson, David L.; Chen, Yalu; Rodenburg, Cynthia M.; Michael, Scott F.; Cummins, Larry B.; Arthur, Larry O.; Peeters, Martine; Shaw, George M.; Sharp, Paul M.; Hahn, Beatrice H. (1999).
"Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes" . Nature . 397 (6718): 436–441.
Bibcode :
1999Natur.397..436G .
doi :
10.1038/17130 .
PMID
9989410 .
S2CID
4432185 .
^ Van Noorden, R.; Maher, B.;
Nuzzo, R. (2014).
"The top 100 papers: Nature explores the most-cited research of all time" .
Nature . 514 (7524): 550–3.
doi :
10.1038/514550a .
PMID
25355343 .
^
"UK Government grants awarded to Paul M. Sharp" . Swindon:
Research Councils UK . Archived from
the original on 12 April 2016.
Fellows Honorary Foreign Royal