French mathematician (1855–1930)
M. P. Appell is the same person: it stands for Monsieur Paul Appell .
Paul Émile Appell (27 September 1855, in
Strasbourg – 24 October 1930, in
Paris ) was a French
mathematician and
Rector of the
University of Paris .
Appell polynomials and Appell's equations of motion are named after him, as is rue Paul Appell in the
14th arrondissement of Paris and the minor planet
988 Appella .
Life
Paul Appell entered the
École Normale Supérieure in 1873.
He was elected to the
French Academy of Sciences in 1892.
In 1895, he became a Professor at the
École Centrale Paris . Between 1903 and 1920 he was
Dean of the Faculty of Science of the University of Paris, then Rector of the University of Paris from 1920 to 1925.
Appell was the President of the
Société astronomique de France (SAF) , the French astronomical society, from 1919 to 1921.
[1]
His daughter Marguerite Appell (1883–1969), who married the mathematician
Émile Borel , is known as a novelist under her pen-name
Camille Marbo .
Appell was an atheist.
[2] He was awarded
Order of the White Eagle .
[3]
Work
He worked first on
projective geometry in the line of
Chasles , then on
algebraic functions ,
differential equations , and
complex analysis . Appell was the editor of the collected works of
Henri Poincaré . Jules Drach was co-editor of the first volume.
[4]
Appell series
He introduced a set of four hypergeometric series F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 of two variables, now called
Appell series , that generalize
Gauss 's
hypergeometric series .
He established the set of
partial differential equations of which these functions are solutions, and found formulas and expressions of these series in terms of
hypergeometric series of one variable. In 1926, with Professor
Joseph-Marie Kampé de Fériet , he authored a treatise on generalized hypergeometric series.
Mechanics
In mechanics, he proposed an alternative formulation of analytical mechanics known as
Appell's equation of motion .
He discovered a physical interpretation of the
imaginary
period of the
doubly periodic function whose restriction to
real arguments describes the motion of an ideal
pendulum .
Publications
Traité de mécanique rationnelle , 4 Vols. (Gauthier-Villars, 1893–1896)
Traité de mécanique rationnelle Tome I
Traité de mécanique rationnelle Tome II
Traité de mécanique rationnelle Tome III
Traité de mécanique rationnelle Tome IV Fasc. 1
Traité de mécanique rationnelle Tome IV Fasc. 2
Traité de mécanique rationnelle Tome V
[5]
Les mouvements de roulement en dynamique with
Jacques Hadamard (C. Hérissey, Évreux, 1899)
Éléments de la théorie des vecteurs et de la géométrie analytique (Payot, 1921)
Éléments d'analyse mathématique à l'usage des ingénieurs et des physiciens : cours professé à l'École centrale des arts et manufactures (Gauthier-Villars, 1921)
Principes de la théorie des fonctions elliptiques et applications with E. Lacour (Gauthier-Villars, 1897)
Le problème géométrique des déblais et remblais (Gauthier-Villars, 1928)
[1] , autobiographic (Payot, 1923)
Théorie des fonctions algébriques et de leurs intégrales with
Édouard Goursat .
[6]
Fonctions hypergéométriques et hypersphériques with Joseph-Marie Kampé de Fériet (Gauthier-Villars, 1926)
See catalogue of the
French National Library for a more detailed list
See also
References
^
Bulletin de la Société astronomique de France , November 1937, plates X–IX
^ MAUGIN, GRARD A. CONTINUUM MECHANICS THROUGH THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES: historical perspectives ... from john bernoulli to ernst hellinger. Place of publication not identified: SPRINGER, 2016. Print. ""he was an atheist"
^ Acović, Dragomir (2012). Slava i čast: Odlikovanja među Srbima, Srbi među odlikovanjima . Belgrade: Službeni Glasnik. p. 643.
^
Birkhoff, G. D. (1934).
"The Work of Poincaré on Differential Equations" (PDF) . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc . 40 (5): 363–366.
doi :
10.1090/s0002-9904-1934-05835-x .
^ Thomas, Tracy Yerkes (1927).
"Traité de Mécanique Rationnelle , Vol. V" (PDF) . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc . 33 (4): 493–495.
doi :
10.1090/s0002-9904-1927-04414-7 .
^
Osgood, W. F. (1896).
"Review: Théorie des fonctions algébriques et de leurs intégrales , par Paul Appell et Édouard Goursat" (PDF) . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc . 2 (10): 317–327.
doi :
10.1090/s0002-9904-1896-00353-0 .
(fr:) P. Appell, "Notice sur les travaux scientifiques" Acta Mathematica 45 (1925) pp. 161–285. describes 257 of Appell's publications.
(fr:) E. Lebon, Biographie et bibliographie analytique des écrits de Paul Appell (Paris, 1910)
(fr:) P. Appell, "Sur une classe de polynômes", Annales scientifiques de l'
École Normale Supérieure 2e série , tome 9, 1880.
(fr:) P. Appell, "Sur les fonctions hypergeometriques de deux variables"
Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées series III,8 , 173 (1882).
(fr:) P. Appell, "Sur une interprétation des valeurs imaginaires du temps en Mécanique",
Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Scéances de l'Académie des Sciences , volume 87, number 1, July, 1878.
Greenwood, THOMAS (1930).
"Obituary Prof Paul Appell" . Nature . 126 (3189): 924–925.
doi :
10.1038/126924a0 .
May, Kenneth (1970). "Appell, Paul".
Dictionary of Scientific Biography . Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 193–195.
ISBN
978-0-684-10114-9 .
O'Connor, John J.;
Robertson, Edmund F. ,
"Paul Émile Appell" ,
MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive ,
University of St Andrews
External links
International National Academics People Other