From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Genus of plants
The Panax (
ginseng )
genus belongs to the
Araliaceae
[1] (ivy)
family . Panax species are characterized by the presence of
ginsenosides and
gintonin . Panax is one of approximately 60 plant genera with a classical disjunct east Asian and east North American distribution.
[2] Furthermore, this disjunct distribution is asymmetric as only two of the ~18 species in genus are native to North America.
Etymology
American ginseng at Monk Garden in Wisconsin .
The name Panax , meaning "all-healing" in Greek, shares the same origin as "
panacea " and was used for this genus because
Carl Linnaeus was aware of its wide use in
Chinese medicine .[
citation needed ]
Panax species
Genus Panax
[3]
Subgenus Panax
Section Panax
Series Notoginseng
Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen (known as san qi , tian qi or tien chi )
Series Panax
Panax arunachalensis Taram, A.P.Das & Tag
[4]
[5]
Panax assamicus (Assam Ginseng)
[6]
Panax bipinnatifidus Seem.
[7]
var. angustifolius (Burkill) J.Wen
Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. (Asian ginseng, Chinese ginseng, Korean ginseng, Asiatic ginseng, Oriental ginseng)
[8]
Panax japonicus (T.Nees) C.A.Mey. (
Japanese ginseng )
[9]
[10]
[11]
Panax quinquefolius L. (
American ginseng )
Panax sokpayensis Shiva K.Sharma & Pandit
[12]
Panax vietnamensis Ha & Grushv.
Panax wangianus S.C.Sun
[13]
Panax zingiberensis C.Y.Wu & Feng
Section Pseudoginseng
Panax pseudoginseng Wall.
Panax stipuleanatus H.T.Tsai & K.M.Feng
[14]
[15]
Subgenus Trifolius
Panax trifolius L.
Hybrids:
Panax ginseng × Panax quinquifolius
[16]
Panax japonicus f. typicum × Panax quinquifolius
[17]
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Panax .
^
"Ivy Family - Araliaceae - Common names" . Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved 2018-07-14 .
^ Zuo, Yun-Juan; Wen, Jun; Ma, Jin-Shuang; Zhou, Shi-Liang (2015). "Evolutionary radiation of the Panax bipinnatifidus species complex (Araliaceae) in the Sino-Himalayan region of eastern Asia as inferred from AFLP analysis". Journal of Systematics and Evolution . 53 (3): 210–220.
doi :
10.1111/jse.12119 .
ISSN
1759-6831 .
S2CID
82972879 .
^
" 'Panax search' from the Plant List" . The Plant List, v. 1.1. 2013. Retrieved June 20, 2017 .
^
"Panax arunachalensis Taram, A.P.Das & Tag" . Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-05-06 .
^ Taram, Momang; Das, A.P. & Tag, Hui (2018).
"A new species of Panax L. (Araliaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India" . Pleione . 12 (2): 315–321.
doi :
10.26679/Pleione.12.2.2018.315-321 .
^
"Panax Assamicus" .
^
"Panax bipinnatifidus Seem. — The Plant List" . Retrieved 2018-07-14 .
^
"Asian Ginseng" . National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). September 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2017 .
^ Rai, Amit; Yamazaki, Mami; Takahashi, Hiroki; Nakamura, Michimi; Kojoma, Mareshige; Suzuki, Hideyuki; Saito, Kazuki (2016).
"RNA-seq Transcriptome Analysis of Panax japonicus, and Its Comparison with Other Panax Species to Identify Potential Genes Involved in the Saponins Biosynthesis" . Frontiers in Plant Science . 7 : 481.
doi :
10.3389/fpls.2016.00481 .
ISSN
1664-462X .
PMC
4828455 .
PMID
27148308 .
^
"Japanese ginseng" . TheFreeDictionary.com . Retrieved 2018-07-14 .
^ Plantae Medicinales oder Sammlung offizineller Pflanzen .
^ Sharma, Shiva Kumar; Pandit, Maharaj Krishan (2009). "A New Species of Panax L. (Araliaceae) from Sikkim Himalaya, India". Systematic Botany . 34 (2): 434–438.
doi :
10.1600/036364409788606235 .
JSTOR
40211904 .
S2CID
198131033 .
^
"Panax wangianus S.C.Sun — The Plant List" . Retrieved 2018-07-14 .
^
"Panax stipuleanatus H.T.Tsai & K.M.Feng — The Plant List" . Retrieved 2018-07-14 .
^ Trieu, Le Ngoc; Mien, Nguyen Tuong; Van Tien, Tran; Van Ket, Nguyen; Van Duy, Nong (16 March 2016).
"Genetic diversity of Tsai in North Vietnam detected by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers" . Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment . 30 (3): 506–511.
doi :
10.1080/13102818.2016.1157448 .
^ Kim, Jong Youn; Adhikari, Prakash Babu; Ahn, Chang Ho; Kim, Dong Hwi; Chang Kim, Young; Han, Jung Yeon; Kondeti, Subramanyam; Choi, Yong Eui (2019).
"High frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of interspecific ginseng hybrid between Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius" . Journal of Ginseng Research . 43 (1): 38–48.
doi :
10.1016/j.jgr.2017.08.002 .
PMC
6323240 .
PMID
30662292 .
^ Kuriyama, H. (1950).
"The cytological studies on the interspecific hybrid of Panax" . Japanese Journal of Crop Science . 19 (1–2): 209–213.
doi :
10.1626/jcs.19.209 .