Paenibacillus polymyxa, also known as Bacillus polymyxa, is a
Gram-positivebacterium capable of
fixing nitrogen. It is found in soil, plant tissues, marine sediments and
hot springs.[1] It may have a role in forest ecosystems[2] and potential future applications as a biofertilizer and biocontrol agent in agriculture.[3]
Growth conditions
P. polymyxa can be grown in the laboratory on
trypticase soy agar medium. It can also be grown on brain heart infusion agar medium.
Applications
Agricultural use
P. polymyxa might have possible future applications as a
soil inoculant in
agriculture and
horticulture.[4][5] Biofilms of P. polymyxa growing on plant roots have been shown to produce
exopolysaccharides which protect the plants from pathogens. The interactions between this bacterial species and plant roots also cause the root hairs to undergo physical changes.[6]
Antibiotics
Some strains of P. polymyxa produce
antibiotics including fusaricidin[1] and
polymyxins.[7]P. polymyxa var. colistinus produces the antibiotic
colistin.[8]
^Tang, Qian; Puri, Akshit; Padda, Kiran Preet; Chanway, Chris P. (2017-02-01). "Biological nitrogen fixation and plant growth promotion of lodgepole pine by an endophytic diazotroph Paenibacillus polymyxa and its GFP-tagged derivative". Botany. 95 (6): 611–619.
doi:
10.1139/cjb-2016-0300.
ISSN1916-2790.
^Padda, Kiran Preet; Puri, Akshit; Chanway, Chris P. (2017), Meena, Vijay Singh; Mishra, Pankaj Kumar; Bisht, Jaideep Kumar; Pattanayak, Arunava (eds.), "Paenibacillus polymyxa: A Prominent Biofertilizer and Biocontrol Agent for Sustainable Agriculture", Agriculturally Important Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture: Volume 2: Applications in Crop Production and Protection, Springer Singapore, pp. 165–191,
doi:
10.1007/978-981-10-5343-6_6,
ISBN978-981-10-5343-6
^Puri, Akshit; Padda, Kiran Preet; Chanway, Chris P. (2016-06-01). "Seedling growth promotion and nitrogen fixation by a bacterial endophyte Paenibacillus polymyxa P2b-2R and its GFP derivative in corn in a long-term trial". Symbiosis. 69 (2): 123–129.
doi:
10.1007/s13199-016-0385-z.
ISSN1878-7665.
S2CID17870808.
^Padda, Kiran Preet; Puri, Akshit; Chanway, Chris P. (2016-07-07). "Plant growth promotion and nitrogen fixation in canola (Brassica napus) by an endophytic strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa and its GFP-tagged derivative in a long-term study". Botany. 94 (12): 1209–1217.
doi:
10.1139/cjb-2016-0075.
ISSN1916-2790.
^Yegorenkova, Irina V.; Tregubova, Kristina V.; Ignatov, Vladimir V. (12 January 2013). "Paenibacillus polymyxa Rhizobacteria and Their Synthesized Exoglycans in Interaction with Wheat Roots: Colonization and Root Hair Deformation". Current Microbiology. 66 (5): 481–486.
doi:
10.1007/s00284-012-0297-y.
PMID23314809.
S2CID2739127.
^Stenn, Kurt S; Link, Richard; Moellmann, Gisela; Madri, Joseph; Kuklinska, Elizabeth (August 1989). "Dispase, a Neutral Protease From Bacillus Polymyxa, Is a Powerful Fibronectinase and Type IV Collagenase". Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 93 (2): 287–290.
doi:
10.1111/1523-1747.ep12277593.
PMID2546994.