The company said in 2019 OANN was available in 35 million homes and that its audience ranged from 150,000 to as large as 500,000, though that year
Nielsen Media Research estimated its viewership to be about 14,000.[29][6] By July 2022, the network was available only to a few hundred thousand people who subscribed to smaller cable providers.[32]
In 2019, Robert Herring Sr. testified in court that the network was created at the urging of executives of
AT&T, which through its subsidiary
DirecTV has since been the source of up to 90% of the network's revenues.[2] DirecTV stopped carrying OANN in 2022.[33]
OANN was announced on March 14, 2013, by Herring Networks, Inc., an independent media company founded in 2003 by conservative businessman Robert Herring, Sr. The OANN channel originally debuted in partnership with The Washington Times, a conservative daily newspaper founded by the
Unification Church from South Korea.[48][49] Herring said in 2013 that under OANN's agreement with The Washington Times, the new network could use any Times content, but was not obligated to do so; he also said at the time that between 60 and 65 Herring Broadcasting employees spent "most of their days" on One America.[50]
Herring told the 2013
Conservative Political Action Conference that "
Fox News has done a great job serving the center-right and independent audiences", but that the audience's alternative news sources lacked variety.[51][52]
Reuters reported in October 2021 that it had reviewed court documents showing the network was created in 2013 at the urging of executives of
AT&T, which has since been the source of up to 90% of the network's revenues. In a 2020 deposition, a company accountant testified that lacking a contract with AT&T subsidiary DirecTV, the network's value "would be zero." Court documents showed the network promised to "cast a positive light" on AT&T during newscasts.[2]
In July 2014, OANN relocated its news and production studios from the Washington Times building to 101 Constitution Avenue NW, near the Capitol.[53]
At the beginning of 2020, it was reported that Trump allies were looking into purchasing OANN.[54]
In November 2020,
YouTube suspended OANN for one week and ended its ability to monetize its existing content as a first strike under its three-strike community guideline violation policy for advertising a
false cure for
COVID-19.[45]
As of April 2021, its YouTube channel had close to 1.5 million subscribers.[55] Approximately 150 employees worked at its San Diego headquarters.[55]
DirecTV said in January 2022 that it would not renew the contract with Herring Networks, which expired in April 2022, affecting One America News Network and its sister channel
AWE, which would be removed from DirecTV's satellite and U-verse TV services.[58][59][60] In response, OANN host Dan Ball said that OANN "is now at war with AT&T" and urged viewers to dig up "dirt" on AT&T board chairman
William Kennard.[61][62] The channels were dropped from DirecTV on April 4, 2022; some staff members left the network for other employment.[63]
Verizon Fios, OANN's largest remaining carrier, notified its customers on July 21, 2022, that it could not come to terms to renew its contract with OANN and would remove the network from its service in nine days.[64] August 1, 2022 was OANN's final day on cable or satellite,[65] marking the end of OANN's availability on major carriers.[66] OANN commentator Pearson Sharp said on-air that OANN was dropped because Verizon is a "radical Marxist" corporation.[67][65]
Programming
As of August 2022[update], shows airing on OANN include: Real America with Dan Ball, In Focus with Addison Smith, and Tipping Point.[68]
In August 2014, OANN launched the show On Point with
Tomi Lahren. Many clips from the program went
viral, and by 2015 Lahren had gained widespread attention for her commentaries. On August 19, 2015, Lahren aired her final show at OANN.[69][70] On the week of August 24, 2015 former
Republican vice presidential candidate
Sarah Palin guest-hosted a program on the network.[71]
OANN is pro-Trump.[35][74][75][76][29] The father of Charles Herring,[51]Robert Herring Sr., founder and CEO of the network, has ordered producers to promote pro-Trump stories, anti-Clinton stories, and anti-abortion stories and to minimize stories about Russian interference in the
2016 presidential election.[35] Herring prohibited the network from running stories about polls that did not show Trump in the lead during the 2016 election.[35]
During the 2016 presidential campaign, the channel ran a special titled Betrayal at Benghazi: The Cost of Hillary Clinton's Dereliction and Greed. Herring, the owner of the channel, sent his producers a report that falsely claimed that
Hillary Clinton had a brain tumor and asking them to check up on it. He also shared a report with producers claiming that
Planned Parenthood had promoted abortion and ordered them to minimize coverage of
Pope Francis's US visit owing to
the Pope's calls for action on global warming. Herring also repeatedly ordered his producers not to cover stories pertaining to
Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election.[35]
According to former and current employees at the channel as well as internal e-mails, by July 2017 the executives of the channel had directed the channel to "scuttle stories about police shootings, encourage antiabortion stories, minimize coverage of Russian aggression, and steer away from the new president's troubles."[35]
In October 2017, the channel claimed without evidence that a "report" had been published that showed "U.K. Crime Rises 13% Annually Amid Spread of Radical Islamic Terror".[77] Trump later repeated this falsehood, suggesting that he learned of it from OANN.[40][78]
In June 2017, OANN was granted a permanent seat in the
White House's James Brady briefing room.[79] The network's Chief White House Correspondent,
Trey Yingst, was one of the top five most called-upon reporters covering the
Trump administration.[80] Trump has been repeatedly called for questions from OANN during press conferences, including in February 2017 when Yingst asked the president about his campaign's contacts with
the Russian government.[81] Also in February 2017, OANN was invited to a network lunch with Trump.[82] In August 2017, Trump praised OANN, saying: "It's a great network". In response, OANN CEO Robert Herring said that OANN considers itself a tough but fair presence in the White House press corps.[83]
OANN supported the Trump administration's revocation of
CNN reporter
Jim Acosta's press credentials; most major media outlets, including the conservative
Fox News, opposed this decision. In a statement, Robert Herring attacked Fox News, saying he "can't believe Fox is on the other side."[84][85][86]
In August 2020, OANN tweeted a promotion for a television segment entitled "America Under Siege: The Attempt to Overthrow President Trump." The tweet asserted that ongoing demonstrations in the aftermath of the
George Floyd killing constituted a "coup attempt" that was "led by a well funded network of anarchists trying to take down the President." Trump retweeted the message.[21]
On February 11, 2021, after Trump had left office, OANN aired a "tribute to his accomplishments" set to a reading of
Rudyard Kipling's poem "
If—". The video was credited to Harrison Hill Smith, an InfoWars contributor.[91]
After The Washington Post reported in November 2017 allegations that Alabama Senate candidate
Roy Moore had made unwanted sexual advances toward teenagers when he was in his thirties, OANN "became a source of both positive coverage and stories that could cast doubt on his accusers."[92] In November 2017, OANN aired a segment citing a false rumor by an anonymous Twitter account that The Washington Post had offered $1,000 to Roy Moore's accusers.[93][94][95] OANN described the tweet as a "report" and described the tweeter as a "former Secret Service agent and Navy veteran".[93][94] The Twitter source had a history of tweeting falsehoods and conspiracy theories; the Twitter account had also made repeated and inconsistent lies about its identity, including appropriating the identity of a Navy serviceman who died in 2007.[94] After it was revealed that the story was a
hoax, OANN did not retract its report.[93]
During his Senate campaign, Roy Moore cited OANN when he defended himself against the accusations,[96] including an OANN story that alleged his "Accusers Have Ties to Drug Dealers & Washington Post".[96][97][98]
During the night of the
Alabama Senate election, OANN announced that Moore had swept the election "by a large margin" when in actuality Moore had lost the race.[99] In its announcement, the network cited "unofficial polling", and the news anchor extended OANN CEO Robert Herring's congratulations to Moore on having run a "fine campaign."[99] OANN's website also published an erroneous article claiming Moore had won "despite attacks from Democrats about unverified allegations."[99] During election night, OANN also reported "a number of people have been caught trying to sneak into voting booths and vote illegally"; however, Alabama Secretary of State's office said it had no credible reports of voter fraud.[100]
In April 2018, while on an al-Assad regime-led tour of the area of the
Douma chemical attack, an OANN correspondent claimed there was no evidence that a chemical attack had occurred.[104] The correspondent said, "Not one of the people that I spoke to in that neighborhood said that they had seen anything or heard anything about a chemical attack on that day" and that residents "loved
Bashar al-Assad."[104]
In May 2019, OANN published a report claiming that the
White Helmets had admitted to staging fake chemical weapons attacks intended to put blame on the Assad regime. OANN referred to the humanitarian organization, which is partly funded by the US State Department, as "terrorist-linked". The Daily Beast described this story as a smear that could be traced directly as Russian
disinformation.[75] A CNN report about declassified intelligence regarding Russian propaganda also said the OANN report had spread Russian propaganda and falsehoods, while quoting an intelligence official who stressed that Western targets of Russian propaganda are often "unaware who is essentially seeding these narratives".[105]
In September 2018, Posobiec interviewed a pro-
Hitler online poster known as Microchip on OANN without indicating that person's affiliations, according to the
Southern Poverty Law Center. The SPLC said the two men had worked together in spreading disinformation for several years, including the false claims propagated in Pizzagate.[109] In 2020, during the
George Floyd protests in
Buffalo, New York, Posobiec falsely reported and promoted another unsubstantiated conspiracy theory regarding
pipe bombs.[110]
False story about Bible ban
In April 2018, OANN ran a segment falsely claiming that a California bill would
ban the sale of Bibles. Within 24 hours, the OANN video was viewed 1.4 million times on Facebook.
Snopes determined that this claim was a misrepresentation; the bill actually targeted
gay conversion therapy.[111]
Unsubstantiated claims about Ammar Campa-Najjar
During the mid-term campaign for the
November 2018 U.S. elections, OANN ran a segment claiming that Democratic congressional candidate
Ammar Campa-Najjar's father "praised the deaths" of members of the Israeli Olympic team in the 1972
Munich massacre. The Washington Post fact-checker noted that there was no attribution to this statement in the OANN segment. An OANN commentator also claimed that groups connected to the Muslim Brotherhood donated to Campa-Najjar's campaign. The Washington Post fact-checker said it "couldn't find evidence of this after searching Campa-Najjar's filings with the Federal Election Commission." Nevertheless, the OANN segment was used in attack ads by Campa-Najjar's Republican opponent
Duncan D. Hunter to support the false suggestion that Campa-Najjar was tied to terrorism. Hunter won in the general election.[112]
Interview subject with a pseudonym
In July 2019, the network interviewed pro-Trump activist Logan Cook, known online as Carpe Donktum,[113] about allegations of anti-conservative bias on Reddit. OANN identified the man as Dennis F. Charles and said he was "a conservative social media analyst."[76] OANN did not disclose that Cook was using a pseudonym.[76]
OANN is known for downplaying threats posed to the United States by Russia. According to a former OANN producer, on his first day at OANN he was told, "Yeah, we like Russia here."[29][114] One of OANN's reporters, Kristian Brunovich Rouz, simultaneously works for the
Russian propaganda outlet and news agency
Sputnik, which is
state-owned; when Rouz runs favorable segments on OANN that relate to Russia, OANN does not disclose that he also works for Sputnik.[36][115][116] Rouz compiled a wholly fabricated story that OANN ran in 2017, which alleged that Hillary Clinton's political action committee secretly gave $800,000 to "
antifa."[36][117] In May 2020, Rouz created a segment for OANN in which he claimed "mounting evidence of a globalist conspiracy" involving the Clintons,
Soros,
Bill Gates,
Anthony Fauci, and the Chinese government. No evidence exists for any of this.[117]
In September 2019, OANN parent Herring Networks sued
MSNBC host
Rachel Maddow (as well as
Comcast, MSNBC and
NBCUniversal Media) for $10 million in federal court, after Maddow said the network "literally [is] paid Russian propaganda" on her July 22, 2019 program (when she referred to a Daily Beast article identifying Rouz as working for Sputnik).[118] The court dismissed the suit, finding the claim was not defamation, but that a "reasonable viewer" would recognize it as a reasonable summation of the article published by The Daily Beast.[119][120] In February 2021, Herring Networks was ordered to pay Maddow and MSNBC $250,000 legal fees in an
anti-SLAPP ruling. OANN's appeal of the ruling was denied by a three-judge panel of the
Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in August 2021. The panel decided that Maddow's statement was "an obvious exaggeration, cushioned within an undisputed news story", and thus not defamation.[121]
Chanel Rion
In 2019, OANN hired
Chanel Rion as a correspondent.[122] Rion previously worked as a political cartoonist, promoted
murder of Seth Rich conspiracy theories, and wrote an
anti-feminist children's book; Rion also praised a book by a
Holocaust denier.[123][124] In October 2019, she claimed without evidence that former FBI lawyer
Lisa Page and former FBI Deputy Director
Andrew McCabe were involved in an affair. OANN later retracted the story.[125]
OANN has run stories
falsely claiming that George Soros, a Hungarian-born American philanthropist, collaborated with
the Nazis when he was a 14-year-old.[36] The network has also accused Soros of funding migrant caravans to the United States.[36]
During a report from
Ukraine with Rudy Giuliani, in December 2019, OANN correspondent Chanel Rion claimed without evidence that Soros had shown up at the
Kyiv airport with "human
Dobermans in little black Mercedes" to find them. The claim was ridiculed in Ukrainian and American media.[127][128][129] Soros was not known to have visited Ukraine since 2016.[128]
In March 2020, during the
COVID-19 pandemic, the OANN chief White House correspondent Chanel Rion promoted a conspiracy theory that the virus originated in a North Carolina lab, citing information from a "citizen investigator and a monitored source amongst a certain set of the DC intelligence community"[131] who was actually a Twitter conspiracy theorist.[132] As she described this individual during a televised report from the White House grounds, an image was displayed of actor
Keir Dullea in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey. She also asserted that
Anthony Fauci, the nation's leading expert on infectious diseases, had funded the creation of COVID-19.[123][133] Rion later claimed without evidence that other mainstream media outlets were parroting
Chinese Communist Party propaganda.[134] During a press conference with Trump, she asked him whether it was "racist" to use the term "Chinese food"; accused "major left-wing news media" of "consistently siding with foreign state propaganda, Islamic radicals and Latin gangs and cartels" as well as "Chinese Communist Party narratives"; and asked the president whether it was "alarming" that media "work right here at the White House with direct access to you and your team?"[123][135][136]
In May 2020, OANN host
Liz Wheeler claimed without evidence that "mainstream media pretended there was a deadly surge in COVID cases" after the
2020 Wisconsin Spring election.
PolitiFact rated the claim "Pants on Fire", having found that there were no references to a "surge" in their review of state and national articles about the election, and that reports had accurately listed the number of COVID-19 cases potentially related to the election.[137]
In November 2020,
YouTube suspended OANN's channel's ability to upload videos for one week and demonetized its channel for violating YouTube's policy against promoting
COVID-19 misinformation, after OANN uploaded a video advertising a
fake cure for COVID-19.[45] OANN responded that "The video was 'unlisted' on YouTube for review by internal OAN staff only", accused YouTube of a
First Amendment violation, and stated that the video was republished on the OANN website.[138]
In September 2022, OANN reported on a declaration by a group of scientists and doctors claiming that the
COVID-19 vaccines were causing an "international medical crisis". The
fact-checking website Health Feedback noted that OANN did not acknowledge that the claims made in the declaration had previously been fact-checked and found to be inaccurate, unsupported or misleading.[139]
In June 2020, during protests against racism and police brutality in the wake of the
murder of George Floyd, OANN reporter
Jack Posobiec falsely claimed that there were pipe bombs planted at the
Korean War Memorial in Washington D.C., and that "federal assets [were] in pursuit". There were no pipe bombs, nor is there any evidence that any "federal assets" pursued it.[140]
In June 2020, OANN claimed, without evidence, that an
elderly protester who had been seriously injured by police "was attempting to capture the radio communications signature of Buffalo police officers" and was linked to the
antifa movement.[116][110][130] Referencing OANN's unfounded conspiracy theory, Trump later tweeted that the protester "could be an ANTIFA
provocateur."[110][141][142] OANN's Kristian Rouz provided no evidence for these claims, referring only to The Conservative Treehouse, an anonymously written right-wing blog.[143][144] That afternoon, Herring Sr. tweeted to Trump, "we won't let you down as your source for credible news!"[116] On June 13,
protesters in
San Diego, California gathered outside OANN headquarters,[145] where Herring Sr. challenged the crowd to
prove the story was false.[146]
OANN saw growth in its audience as a result of its election coverage. It was boosted in particular by Donald Trump, who expressed disapproval of
Fox News' reporting on the presidential election and encouraged his supporters to instead watch OANN or
Newsmax TV, another
conservative channel promoting election falsehoods.[152][153][154]
Reuters reported in October 2021 that on the day of
the attack on the Capitol by Trump supporters, an OANN news director emailed staff: "Please DO NOT say 'Trump Supporters Storm Capitol...' Simply call them demonstrators or protestors...DO NOT CALL IT A RIOT!!!" The next day, Herring emailed news producers: "We want to report all the things Antifa did yesterday. I don’t think it was Trump people but lets investigate." The FBI has not found evidence of antifa involvement.[2]
Dominion Voting Systems
OANN was a major promoter of the conspiracy theory that
Dominion Voting Systems had manipulated vote totals to ensure the victory of Democratic candidate
Joe Biden.[46][155] OANN spent months alleging manipulation by Dominion,[156] advanced claims that Dominion employees had colluded with
antifa activists,[157][158] aired a fictitious map allegedly seized by the US Army from election servers in Germany showing Donald Trump had received 410 electoral votes,[159][160] and hosted interviews with Trump allies claiming that Dominion was part of an international
communist conspiracy.[161] Some of these claims were later amplified by Donald Trump, including a false assertion made on OANN that millions of votes for Trump were switched to votes for
Joe Biden (a claim that originated on
TheDonald.win, a pro-Trump website);[162][163][164] Trump also tweeted out an OANN segment in which
Ron Watkins, a
far-right conspiracy theorist and administrator of
8chan (the website famous for its close connection to the
QAnon conspiracy theory), was falsely characterized as an expert on election issues as he promoted conspiracy theories about Dominion.[165][166]
OANN later removed all references to Dominion and
Smartmatic, another company falsely accused of voter fraud, from its website without issuing public retractions after Dominion filed a $1.3 billion
defamation lawsuit against
Sidney Powell.[167][168] However, on February 5, 2021, OANN aired Absolute Proof, a film produced by
My Pillow CEO
Mike Lindell that contained false claims and conspiracy theories about voter fraud in the election. Before the program, OANN showed a lengthy disclaimer asserting that the claims were Lindell's alone, but that the 2020 election results "remain disputed and questioned by millions of Americans." The disclaimer was seen as an attempt to avoid litigation from Dominion and Smartmatic.[169][170]
On August 10, 2021, Dominion sued OANN for "knowingly and continuously" spreading false election fraud narratives,[56] for a minimum of $1.6 billion.[171]
Russian disinformation
On January 25, 2020, OANN aired a film titled The Ukraine Hoax: Impeachment, Biden Cash, and Mass Murder. In March 2021, the
United States intelligence community released an analysis which found that proxies of Russian intelligence "made contact with established US media figures and helped produce a documentary that aired on a US television network in late January 2020" as part of a broad effort to promote and
launder misleading or unsubstantiated narratives about Joe Biden "to US media organizations, US officials, and prominent US individuals, including some close to former President Trump and his administration."[172][173]
Promotion of executions
In June 2021, OANN personality Pearson Sharp falsely stated in an on-air monologue that "the simple facts point to massive and widespread problems with voting integrity" and "there have been numerous indications that foreign governments including China and Pakistan, meddled in our election to install Joe Biden as president," continuing: "What are the consequences for traitors who meddled with our sacred democratic process and tried to steal power by taking away the voices of the American people? What happens to them? Well, in the past, America had a very good solution for dealing with such traitors: Execution...The bottom line is that no one is above the law. And let this be a warning to anyone who thinks they are. The consequences are clear. And those responsible will be brought to justice for their role in undermining America's democracy."
Followers of the
QAnon conspiracy theory shared video of the monologue, which buttressed their belief that a "storm" was coming in which
Satan-worshipingpedophiles who oppose Trump would be rounded up and
executed.[174][175]
Arizona election audit
Trump lost Arizona and its most populous county, Maricopa, in the 2020 election. Arizona Senate Republicans, holding the senate majority and led by
Karen Fann, asserted possible fraud and hired private firms to conduct an
audit of Maricopa balloting. OANN broadcast extensive coverage of the audit, which was widely criticized across the political spectrum. Bobb and Rion formed a
501(c)(4) social welfare organization to raise funds for the effort, promoting it on the air. The audit ultimately found no proof of fraud and that Biden's margin of victory was actually slightly higher.[176]
Doxing and harassment of New York Times journalist
On March 18, 2021, OANN aired a segment which contained the phone number of New York Times reporter Rachel Abrams, who they claimed was "fishing for information" from disgruntled OANN employees for a "hit piece" and called on viewers to "stand up to intimidation by the left" by contacting Abrams. OANN also posted a tweet with the number on its Twitter account, which was deleted after more than 6 hours by Twitter for violating its rules on personal and private information.[177][178] On April 18, 2021, Abrams published an article in The New York Times, which cited interviews with current and former OANN employees stating that the channel had broadcast reports they considered to be "misleading, inaccurate or untrue", and that some employees were hoping the channel would be sued by
Dominion Voting Systems, which it later was.[55][179] Marty Golingan, one of the employees who was interviewed, was fired by OANN after the article was published.[180]
Reception
In March 2015,
University of Southern California media professor
Marty Kaplan praised the network for its focus on what he viewed as impartial news reporting, writing in The Huffington Post, "Ten minutes of OAN tells me eight stories; 10 minutes of
Fox or
MSNBC tells me one story, to make me mad," while commenting that OANN's opinion segments were "as delusional and incendiary as anything on conservative talk radio or Fox."[181] He has since expressed a different view of the network, telling Columbia Journalism Review that, where once the talk shows were "sand traps" in a "large field of green", the network "fairly quickly" became "more like the Sahara".[182] Don Kaplan (no relation to Marty) of the
New York Daily News echoed similar sentiments to Marty Kaplan's initial view, writing in December 2016 that, "it's by far one of the most fair news outlets around, serving up a daily diet of ad-free, non-ideological, nonstop news—without smirking, snarky anchors or much fanfare" while stating that its opinion segments "skew hard to the right."[183]
In July 2017,
Marc Fisher wrote in The Washington Post that the network was "a reliably sympathetic voice of the [Trump] administration's goals and actions".[35] In July 2018,
Media Matters for America criticized OANN host
Liz Wheeler for advancing conspiracy theories relating to the
Planned Parenthood 2015 undercover videos controversy and other abortion topics and tying tangentially related news stories to the "so-called liberal hypocrisy on abortion."[184] In 2019, the
English Wikipedia deprecated OANN, along with The Gateway Pundit and The Daily Caller, with the consensus for OANN being that it publishes "falsehoods, conspiracy theories, and intentionally misleading stories".[185]
In an April 2020
Last Week Tonight segment,
John Oliver called the channel "a combination of far-right wing talking points and dirt-stupid reporting," criticizing its hosts, methods, ideology, accuracy, promotion of unfounded conspiracy theories, and closeness to the Trump administration.[186][187]
Ratings
In June 2019, OANN said it was available in 35 million homes and its audience ranged from 150,000 to as large as 500,000, though
Nielsen Media Research estimated its viewership that year to be about 14,000. The company does not subscribe to Nielsen, citing its high fees, so regular audience estimates are not available.[188]
Litigation
In February 2021, a federal judge awarded $250,000 to
MSNBC in an anti-
SLAPP counter suit to OANN's $10million lawsuit claiming that they had been defamed by
Rachel Maddow. The judgement ruled that OANN's initial suit was frivolous and required OANN to pay all legal fees incurred by MSNBC.[189]
In December 2021, former Georgia election workers Ruby Freeman and her daughter Wandrea "Shaye" Moss filed a defamation lawsuit against OANN and several of its senior executives, among others. In the complaint, Freeman and Moss claimed that OANN broadcast stories which falsely accused them of conspiring to produce secret batches of illegal ballots and inserting them into the voting machines to help Joe Biden win the 2020 US presidential election. Due to the alleged false accusations, Freeman and Moss claimed that they "have become the objects of vitriol, threats, and harassment".[190] In April 2022, they reached a settlement agreement with OANN and weeks later the network aired a pre-recorded 30-second segment acknowledging that its allegations were false.[191][192]
In March 2022, OANN sued AT&T and DirecTV for $1 billion after DirecTV announced in January that it would be dropping the network in April,[193][33] alleging that the decision was "part and parcel of a larger, coordinated, extremely well-financed political scheme to take down Herring and unlawfully destroy its ability to operate in the media business".[193] OANN also alleged that AT&T and DirecTV violated a confidentiality provision by telling the press about the agreement expiration, and that AT&T "disparaged OAN in violation of the Affiliation Agreement", pointing to
CNN airing "reports and commentary that falsely accused OAN of contributing to
the events of January 6, 2021, and engaging in 'disinformation' campaigns" and John Oliver criticizing OANN on Last Week Tonight.[33] In January 2023, most of OANN's claims were dismissed, but the judge did rule that Herring had "adequately alleged a breach of the confidentiality provision" and "would at a minimum be entitled to
nominal damages".[194]
^Dagnes, Alison (2019). "Negative Objectives: The Right-Wing Media Circle and Everyone else". In Dagnes, Alison (ed.). Super Mad at Everything All the Time. Springer International Publishing. p. 179.
doi:
10.1007/978-3-030-06131-9_5.
ISBN9783030061319.
S2CID156032120. {{
cite book}}: |work= ignored (
help)
^Sperling, Nicole (July 20, 2018).
"Disney Fires Guardians of the Galaxy Director James Gunn". Vanity Fair.
Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved August 18, 2019. Jack Posobiec, an on-air reporter for the conservative channel One America News Network