Olympian 2, 'For Theron of Acragas', is an ode by the 5th century BC Greek poet Pindar. ^[1]

Background

Under Theron and his brother Xenocrates, Acragas, a Greek colony of Gela, was brought to the height of its glory. ^[1] The brothers were descended from the Emmenidae, who were descended from Cadmus. ^[1] They were allied to the rulers of Syracuse, Damareta, daughter of Theron, having successively married Gelon and his younger brother, Polyzelus, while Theron had already married a daughter of Polyzelus, and Hieron had married a daughter of Xenocrates. ^[1]

Theron became tyrant of Acragas about 488, and conquered Himera in 482. ^[1] The tyrant of Himera appealed to his son-in-law Anaxilas, tyrant of Rhegium, who called in the aid of the Carthaginians, whom Theron and his son-in-law, Gelon of Syracuse, defeated at Himera in 480. ^[1] In 476 Theron won the chariot-race at Olympia, which is celebrated in this ode. ^[1] The date is recorded in the Oxyrhynchus papyrus. ^{[2] [1]}

Summary

The God, the hero, and the man, we celebrate, shall be Zeus, the lord of Pisa, Heracles, the founder of the Olympic games, and the victor Theron (1–6). ^[3] Theron's famous ancestors had settled and prospered in Sicily, and Zeus is prayed to continue their prosperity (6-15). ^[4] But prosperity leads to forgetfulness of troubles, as is proved by the family of Cadmus, from which Theron himself is descended (15–47). ^[4] He and his brother have an hereditary claim to victory in the Greek games (48–51). Victory gives release from trouble (51 f.). ^[4]

Glory may be won by wealth combined with virtue; while the unjust are punished, the just live in the Islands of the Blest, with Cadmus and Achilles (53–83). ^[4]

The poet is like an eagle, while his detractors are like crows, but their cavil cannot prevail against the poet's praise (83–88). ^[4] Theron is the greatest benefactor that Acragas has had for a hundred years; though his fame is attacked by envy, his bounties are as countless as the sand of the sea (89–100). ^[4]

References

Sources

• Grenfell, Bernard P., ed. (1899). The Oxyrhynchus Papyri. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 88.

Attribution:

• Sandys, John, ed. (1915). The Odes of Pindar, including the Principal Fragments. Loeb Classical Library. New York: The Macmillan Co. pp. 16–29. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

Further reading

• Gildersleeve, Basil L., ed. (1885). Pindar: The Olympian and Pythian Odes. Harper's Classical Series. New York: Harper & Brothers. pp. 140–54.
• Lewis, Virginia (2017). "Place and Identity in Pindar's Olympian 2". CHS Research Bulletin. 5 (2).
• "Pindar, Olympian 2". Perseus Digital Library.