Fossiliferous geological group
Oliní Group Type
Geological group Sub-units
See text Underlies
Córdoba Fm. ,
La Tabla Fm. Overlies
Güagüaquí Group
Loma Gorda Formation Thickness up to 287 m (942 ft) Primary
Radiolarite ,
siltstone ,
chert ,
mudstone Other
Sandstone ,
limestone ,
conglomerate
Coordinates
3°44′12.6″N 75°27′55.5″W / 3.736833°N 75.465417°W / 3.736833; -75.465417 Region
VMM ,
VSM and
Central ,
Eastern Ranges ,
Andes Country
Colombia Extent ~700 km (430 mi) Named for Quebrada Oliní Named by Peters Location
Chaparral, Tolima Year defined 1954
Coordinates
3°44′12.6″N 75°27′55.5″W / 3.736833°N 75.465417°W / 3.736833; -75.465417
Approximate paleocoordinates
1°30′N 54°30′W / 1.5°N 54.5°W / 1.5; -54.5 Region
Cundinamarca ,
Boyacá ,
Huila ,
Santander ,
Tolima Country
Colombia
Paleogeography of Northern South America 90 Ma, by Ron Blakey
The Oliní Group (
Spanish : Grupo Oliní , K3 k5 o, K2ol, Kso) is a
fossiliferous
geological group of the
VMM ,
VSM and the eastern flanks of the
Central and western flanks of the
Eastern Ranges of the
Colombian
Andes . The regional group stretches from north to south across approximately 700 kilometres (430 mi) and dates to the
Late Cretaceous period;
Coniacian ,
Santonian and
Campanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of 287 metres (942 ft). Fossils of
Eonatator coellensis have been found in the unit, near
Coello ,
Tolima .
Etymology
The group was named in 1954 by Peters, and redefined by
De Porta in 1965.
[1] The group was named after Quebrada Oliní in
Chaparral ,
Tolima .
[2]
Subdivisions
The Oliní Group is a geological group usually described as a whole due to the problematic lateral continuity,
[3] although in other cases the individual formations forming the group are used. Earlier names used were Lower Chert member , Upper Sandstone Member and Upper Chert member .
[4] According to Acosta and Ulloa (2002), the group is subdivided into, from bottom to top:
Lower Lydite Formation
Claystone Level
Upper Lydite Formation
Paleontology
Restoration of Eonatator coellensis
Fossils of the
mosasaur
Eonatator coellensis were found near
Coello , Tolima in the Oliní Group.
[10]
[11]
Stratigraphy and depositional environment
The Oliní Group conformably
[12] overlies the
Loma Gorda Formation of the
Güagüaquí Group and is overlain by the
Cimarrona Formation in the VMM, the
Córdoba Formation in the
Guaduas Syncline and the
La Tabla Formation near
Tocaima and in Huila and Tolima.
[8] The age has been estimated on the basis of ammonites to be ranging from
Coniacian to
Campanian . Stratigraphically, the lower part of the formation is time equivalent with the upper part of the
Chipaque Formation and the
Conejo Formation ,
[13] while the upper portion correlates with the
La Luna Formation and
Guadalupe Group .
[14] The Oliní Group was deposited in a relative high sea level environment in an
outer platform setting,
[15] following a
sequence boundary , forming the base of the unit. The radiolarites of the Upper Lydite Formation represent a
maximum flooding surface .
[16]
Outcrops
Type locality of the Oliní Group in Tolima
Northern- and southernmost outcrops of the Oliní Group
Type locality
The
type locality of the Oliní Group is Quebrada Oliní in Chaparral, Tolima. The group is furthermore found over a large stretch in the eastern
Central and western Eastern Ranges of Colombia, bordering the
Magdalena River on both sides. The group crops out to the northwest of
Vélez in the
hanging wall of the
El Minero Fault ,
[17] around
Caparrapí ,
[18] in the
footwall of the
El Cámbulo Fault between
Útica and
Guaduas and in the
Bituima Synclinal,
[19] where it is cross-cut by the
Vianí Fault and occurs in the hanging wall of the
Alto del Trigo Fault ,
[20] in the heavily faulted banks of the
Magdalena River surrounding
Guataquí and northwest of Coello and in the Eastern Ranges cross-cut by the
Sumapaz River northeast of
Ricaurte ,
[21] in the hangingwall of the
Salcedo Fault to the west of
Apulo ,
[22] on both sides of the
Cucuana River near
Ortega ,
[23] in both the hangingwall and footwall of the
El Páramo Fault east and south of
Carmen de Apicalá and in the hangingwall of the
Prado Fault ,
[24] the hangingwall of the
Quinini Fault west and south of
Icononzo ,
[25] the footwall of the
La Pava Fault east and southeast of Chaparral,
[26] in the footwall and hangingwall of the
Altamizal Fault east of
Dolores , east and west of the
Prado Reservoir near
Prado ,
[27] in the footwall and hangingwall of the
Chusma Fault , west of
Aipe ,
[28] east of
Alpujarra ,
[29] in the footwall of the
Baché Fault in
Palermo ,
[30] offset by the
Picarní and
San Andrés Faults ,
[31] north of
Yaguará ,
[32] east of
La Plata, Huila ,
[33] and the southernmost exposure is found in
Naranjal , where the group is emplaced by the
Altamira Fault .
[34]
Regional correlations
See also
Geology of the Eastern Hills
Geology of the Ocetá Páramo
Geology of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense
References
^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.24
^
Quebrada Oliní, Chaparral
^ Guerrero et al., 2000, p.58
^ Reyes et al., 2006, p.65
^
a
b
c
d
e Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.25
^
a
b
c Acosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.51
^
a
b Acosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.52
^
a
b Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.27
^ Reyes et al., 2006, p.66
^
Eonatator coellensis at
Fossilworks .org
^ Páramo Fonseca, 2013
^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.60
^ Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.34
^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.22
^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.62
^ Villamil, 2012, p.205
^ Plancha 170, 2009
^ Plancha 189, 2005
^ Plancha 208, 1998
^ Plancha 227, 1998
^ Plancha 245, 1999
^ Plancha 246, 1998
^ Plancha 263, 2009
^ Plancha 264, 2002
^ Plancha 265, 2009
^ Plancha 282, 1993
^ Plancha 283, 1995
^ Plancha 302, 1993
^ Plancha 303, 2002
^ Plancha 323, 1998
^ Plancha 344, 1999
^ Plancha 345, 1999
^ Plancha 366, 1998
^ Plancha 389, 2003
Bibliography
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INGEOMINAS .
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Geología de la Plancha 208 Villeta - 1:100,000 , 1–84.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-03-16.
Acosta Garay, Jorge, and Carlos E. Ulloa Melo. 2001b. Geología de la Plancha 227 La Mesa - 1:100,000 , 1–80.
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Guerrero, Javier; Gustavo Sarmiento, and Rosa Navarrete. 2000.
The Stratigraphy of the W Side of the Cretaceous Colombian Basin in the Upper Magdalena Valley. Reevaluation of Selected Areas and Type Localities Including Aipe, Guaduas, Ortega, and Piedras .
Geología Colombiana 25. 45–110. Accessed 2018-05-29.
Páramo Fonseca , María Euridice. 2013.
Eonatator coellensis nov. sp. (Squamata: Mosasauridae), a new species from the Upper Cretaceous of Colombia . Revista Académica Colombiana de Ciencias Naturales XXXVII. 499–518. Accessed 2017-03-31.
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Maps
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Mapa Geológico de Cundinamarca , 1.
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Marquínez, Germán, and Francisco Velandia. 2001.
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Royero Gutiérrez, José María, and Rodrigo Vargas Higuera. 1999.
Mapa Geológico de Santander 1:300,000 , 1.
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Ulloa, Carlos E, and Erasmo Rodríguez. 2009.
Plancha 170 - Vélez - 1:100,000 , 1.
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Plancha 189 - La Palma - 1:300,000 , 1.
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Ulloa, Carlos, and Jorge Acosta. 1998.
Plancha 208 - Villeta - 1:100,000 , 1.
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Ulloa, Carlos E; Erasmo Rodríguez, and Jorge E. Acosta. 1998.
Plancha 227 - La Mesa - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Acosta, Jorge E.; Rafael Guatame; Oscar Torres, and Frank Solano. 1999.
Plancha 245 - Girardot - 1:100,000 , 1.
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Acosta, Jorge E., and Carlos E. Ulloa. 1998.
Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Nuñez, Alberto; Dario Mosquera, and Carlos J. Vesga. 2009.
Plancha 263 - Ortega - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Calcedo, Juan Carlos, and Roberto Terraza. 2000.
Plancha 264 - Espinal - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Acosta, Jorge; Juan Carlos Calcedo, and Carlos Ulloa. 1999.
Plancha 265 - Icononzo - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Carvajal, Cesar; Jaime Fuquen, and Luis Gómez. 1993.
Plancha 282 - Chaparral - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Cossio, Ubaldo; Gabriel Rodríguez, and Miguel Rodríguez. 1995.
Plancha 283 - Purificación - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Fuquen, Jaime; Gabriel Rodríguez; Ubaldo Cossio, and Alberto Núñez. 1993.
Plancha 302 - Aipe - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Acosta, Jorge; Pablo Caro; Jaime Fuquen, and José Osorno. 2002. Plancha 303 - Colombia - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS .
Ferreira, Paulina; Alberto Núñez, and Miguel Rodríguez. 1998.
Plancha 323 - Neiva - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Marquínez, Germán; C. Morales, and Alberto Núñez. 1999.
Plancha 344 - Tesalia - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Velandia, F.; C.J. Morales; J.C. Caicedo, and Alberto Núñez. 1999.
Plancha 345 - Campoalegre - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Rodríguez, Gabriel; Paulina Ferreira; Francisco Velandia, and Alberto Núñez. 1998.
Plancha 366 - Garzón - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
Rodríguez, Gabriel; Gilberto Zapata, and M. Velázquez. 2003.
Plancha 389 - Timaná - 1:100,000 , 1.
INGEOMINAS . Accessed 2017-06-06.
External links