This article is about 2001 agreement between the government of North Macedonia and its ethnic Albanian minority. For the 2023 agreement between Kosovo and Serbia concluded at Ohrid, see
Ohrid Agreement (2023).
The Ohrid Framework Agreement (
Macedonian: Охридски рамковен договор,
romanized: Ohridski ramkoven dogovor,
Albanian: Marrëveshja e Ohrit) was the peace deal signed by the government of the Republic of Macedonia (now
North Macedonia) and representatives of the
Albanian minority on 13 August 2001. The agreement was signed by the country's four political parties after international mediators demanded their commitment to its ratification and implementation within a four-year period.[2]
Provisions
The Ohrid Agreement created a framework for North Macedonia as a civic state, ending the
armed conflict between the
National Liberation Army and the
security forces of Macedonia.[3] It established basic principles of the state such as cessation of hostilities, voluntary disarmament of ethnic Albanian armed groups, government devolution, and the reform of minority political and cultural rights.[4]
The deal also included provisions for altering the official
languages of the country, with any language spoken by more than 20% of the population becoming co-official with the
Macedonian language at the
municipal level.[4] Only the
Albanian language, with an approximate 25% of the population being speakers, currently qualifies as a co-official language under this criterion.[5] The Ohrid Framework Agreement is an example of the adoption of
consociationalism.[6]
^Clause 10.2 states that English language version of this Agreement is the only authentic version.Framework Agreement(PDF),
OSCE, 2001, p. 4
^Dimova, Rozita (2013). Ethno-Baroque: Materiality, Aesthetics and Conflict in Modern-Day Macedonia. New York: Berghahn Books. p. 131.
ISBN9781782380405.
^Caspersen, Nina (2017). Peace Agreements: Finding Solutions to Intra-state Conflicts. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. p. 76.
ISBN9780745680262.
^
abWatkins, Clem S. (2003). The Balkans. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. p. 113.
ISBN1590335252.