Ochotona_spanglei References

Ochotona spanglei; Temporal range: ; Late Miocene or Early Pliocene,; 10.3–4.9 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Lagomorpha
Family:	Ochotonidae
Genus:	Ochotona
Species:	†O. spanglei
Binomial name
	†Ochotona spanglei; Shotwell 1956

Ochotona spanglei is an extinct species of pika ( mammal in the family Ochotonidae), known from Late Miocene - Early Pliocene fossil from Oregon ( USA).^[1]^[2]^{[n 1]} Fossils were also found in Nebraska referred to as Ochotona cf. spanglei.^[2]^[3]^{[n 1]}

Ochotona spanglei is the earliest known pika, which inhabited North America. Pika came at the Miocene- Pliocene boundary from Eurasia. Extinction of O. spanglei was followed by an approximately three-million-year-long gap in the known North American pikas record.^[4]

Fossil distribution

McKay Reservoir, Oregon, McKay Formation, Hemphillian (10.3 - 4.9 Ma), Ochotona spanglei, the species was discovered here^[2]^{[n 2]} (described from a lower jaw with complete cheek dentition)^[1]
Honey Creek, Nebraska, Hemphillian (10.3 - 4.9 Ma), Ochotona cf. spanglei^[2]^[3]^{[n 3]}
Mailbox Prospect, Antelope County, Nebraska, Late/Upper Hemphillian (10.3 - 4.9 Ma), Ochotona cf. spanglei^[2]^[3]^{[n 4]}

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Ochotona spanglei in the Paleobiology Database.^[2]^{[pdb 1]}^{[pdb 2]}^{[pdb 3]}
^ The Paleobiology Database collection: McKay Reservoir (Neogene of the United States).^{[pdb 4]}^{[pdb 1]}
^ The Paleobiology Database collection: Honey Creek (Neogene of the United States).^{[pdb 5]}^{[pdb 2]}
^ The Paleobiology Database collection: Mailbox (Neogene of the United States).^{[pdb 6]}^{[pdb 2]}

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Shotwell, J. Arnold (1956). "Hemphillian mammalian assemblage from northeastern Oregon". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 67 (6). Geological Society America: 717–738. Bibcode: 1956GSAB...67..717S. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1956)67[717:HMAFNO]2.0.CO;2.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "The Paleobiology Database. †Ochotona spanglei Shotwell 1956 (pika)". Retrieved April 19, 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c Voorhies, M. R. (1990). Gustavson, T. C. (ed.). Geologic Framework and Regional Hydrology: Upper Cenozoic Blackwater Draw and Ogallala Formations, Great Plains. Bureau of Economic Geology Guidebook. Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas.
^ Erbajeva, Margarita A.; Mead, Jim I.; Alexeeva, Nadezhda V.; Angelone, Chiara; Swift, Sandra L. (2011). "Taxonomic diversity of Late Cenozoic Asian and North American ochotonids (an overview)" (PDF). Palaeontologia Electronica. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology: 1–9. Retrieved April 13, 2014.

Additional references of the Paleobiology Database

^ ^a ^b Shotwell, J. A. (1956). "Hemphillian mammalian assemblage from Northeastern Oregon". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 67: 717. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1956)67[717:HMAFNO]2.0.CO;2.
^ ^a ^b ^c Voorhies, M. R. (1990). Gustavson, T. C. (ed.). Bureau of Economic Geology Guidebook.
^ Additional contributors to utilized records of Paleobiology Database (authorizers supplying these records) include John Alroy.
^ "The Paleobiology Database collection: McKay Reservoir (Neogene of the United States)". Retrieved 2015-03-14. authorized by John Alroy
^ "The Paleobiology Database collection: Honey Creek (Neogene of the United States)". Retrieved 2015-03-14. authorized by John Alroy
^ "The Paleobiology Database collection: Mailbox (Neogene of the United States)". Retrieved 2015-03-14. authorized by John Alroy

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[a-3] Ochotona spanglei in the Paleobiology Database.^[2]^{[pdb 1]}^{[pdb 2]}^{[pdb 3]}

[b-10] The Paleobiology Database collection: McKay Reservoir (Neogene of the United States).^{[pdb 4]}^{[pdb 1]}

[c-12] The Paleobiology Database collection: Honey Creek (Neogene of the United States).^{[pdb 5]}^{[pdb 2]}

[d-14] The Paleobiology Database collection: Mailbox (Neogene of the United States).^{[pdb 6]}^{[pdb 2]}

[Shotwell56-1] Shotwell, J. Arnold (1956). "Hemphillian mammalian assemblage from northeastern Oregon". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 67 (6). Geological Society America: 717–738. Bibcode: 1956GSAB...67..717S. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1956)67[717:HMAFNO]2.0.CO;2.

[PaleoDB-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "The Paleobiology Database. †Ochotona spanglei Shotwell 1956 (pika)". Retrieved April 19, 2014.

[Voorhies90-7] Voorhies, M. R. (1990). Gustavson, T. C. (ed.). Geologic Framework and Regional Hydrology: Upper Cenozoic Blackwater Draw and Ogallala Formations, Great Plains. Bureau of Economic Geology Guidebook. Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas.

[Erbajeva11-8] Erbajeva, Margarita A.; Mead, Jim I.; Alexeeva, Nadezhda V.; Angelone, Chiara; Swift, Sandra L. (2011). "Taxonomic diversity of Late Cenozoic Asian and North American ochotonids (an overview)" (PDF). Palaeontologia Electronica. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology: 1–9. Retrieved April 13, 2014.

[Shotwell56-4] Shotwell, J. A. (1956). "Hemphillian mammalian assemblage from Northeastern Oregon". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 67: 717. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1956)67[717:HMAFNO]2.0.CO;2.

[Voorhies90-5] Voorhies, M. R. (1990). Gustavson, T. C. (ed.). Bureau of Economic Geology Guidebook.

[PaleoDBOspan2-6] Additional contributors to utilized records of Paleobiology Database (authorizers supplying these records) include John Alroy.

[McKayRes-9] "The Paleobiology Database collection: McKay Reservoir (Neogene of the United States)". Retrieved 2015-03-14. authorized by John Alroy

[HoneyCreek-11] "The Paleobiology Database collection: Honey Creek (Neogene of the United States)". Retrieved 2015-03-14. authorized by John Alroy

[Mailbox-13] "The Paleobiology Database collection: Mailbox (Neogene of the United States)". Retrieved 2015-03-14. authorized by John Alroy

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