From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Solid, non-blisterform elevated areas in or under the skin
Medical condition
In
medicine , nodules are small firm lumps, usually greater than 1 cm in diameter.
[1]
[2] If filled with fluid they are referred to as
cysts .
[2] Smaller (less than 0.5 cm) raised soft tissue bumps may be termed
papules .
[3]
The evaluation of a skin nodule includes a description of its appearance, its location, how it feels to touch and any associated symptoms which may give clues to an underlying medical condition.
[4]
Nodules in skin include
dermatofibroma
[5] and
pyogenic granuloma .
[6] Nodules may form on
tendons and
muscles in response to injury,
[7] and are frequently found on
vocal cords .
[8] They may occur in organs such as the
lung ,
[9] or
thyroid ,
[10] or be a sign in other medical conditions such as
rheumatoid arthritis .
[11]
Characteristics
Nodules are small firm lumps usually greater than 1 cm in diameter, found in
skin and other
organs .
[1]
[2] If filled with fluid they are usually softer and referred to as
cysts .
[2] Smaller (less than 0.5 cm) raised soft tissue bumps may be termed
papules .
[3]
Evaluation
The evaluation of a skin nodule includes a description of its appearance, its location, how it feels to touch and any associated symptoms which may give clues to an underlying medical condition.
[4]
Often discovered unintentionally on a chest x-ray, a single nodule in the lung requires assessment to exclude cancer.
[9]
Conditions
Nodules may form on
tendons and
muscles in response to injury,
[7] and are frequently found on
vocal cords ,
[8] They occur in conditions including
endometriosis ,
[12]
neurofibromatosis ,
[6] and in
rheumatoid arthritis .
[11] They may also feature in
Kaposi's sarcoma
[13] and
gonorrhea .
[14]
Other examples
References
^
a
b Mosby (2013).
Mosby's Medical Dictionary - E-Book . Elsevier. pp. 1235–1236.
ISBN
978-0-323-11258-1 .
^
a
b
c
d Oakley, Amanda.
"Terminology in dermatology | DermNet NZ" . dermnetnz.org . Retrieved 13 January 2021 .
^
a
b Potter, Patricia A.; Perry, Anne Griffin; Stockert, Patricia; Hall, Amy (2014-03-25).
Essentials for Nursing Practice - E-Book . Elsevier Health Sciences.
ISBN
978-0-323-18881-4 .
^
a
b Evangelisto, Amy; Werth, Victoria; Schumacher, H. Ralph (October 2006).
"What is that nodule? A diagnostic approach to evaluating subcutaneous and cutaneous nodules" . Journal of Clinical Rheumatology: Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases . 12 (5): 230–240.
doi :
10.1097/01.rhu.0000240034.72958.2f .
ISSN
1076-1608 .
PMID
17023809 . Retrieved 14 January 2021 .
^
a
b Linton, Christina P. (March 2011).
"Essential Morphologic Terms and Definitions" . Journal of the Dermatology Nurses' Association . 3 (2): 102–103.
doi :
10.1097/JDN.0b013e318211c6f0 .
ISSN
1945-760X . Retrieved 13 January 2021 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
"Dermal and subcutaneous lesions | DermNet NZ" . dermnetnz.org . Retrieved 13 January 2021 .
^
a
b Ashton-Miller, James A. (1999).
"Response of Muscle and Tendon to Injury and Overuse" . National Academies Press (US). Retrieved 13 January 2021 .
^
a
b
"BRITISH VOICE ASSOCIATION : Vocal nodules" . www.britishvoiceassociation.org.uk . Retrieved 13 January 2021 .
^
a
b Kikano, George E.; Fabien, Andre; Schilz, Robert (15 December 2015).
"Evaluation of the Solitary Pulmonary Nodule" . American Family Physician . 92 (12): 1084–1091.
ISSN
0002-838X .
PMID
26760594 . Retrieved 14 January 2021 .
^
a
b Britton, K. E.; Gilday, David L.; Maisey, Michael (2013-12-11).
Clinical Nuclear Medicine . Springer.
ISBN
978-1-4899-3358-4 .
^
a
b
"Rheumatoid nodules in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)" . NRAS . Retrieved 13 January 2021 .
^ Nisenblat V, Bossuyt PM, Farquhar C, Johnson N, Hull ML (February 2016).
"Imaging modalities for the non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis" . The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews . 2016 (2): CD009591.
doi :
10.1002/14651858.cd009591.pub2 .
PMC
7100540 .
PMID
26919512 . painful palpable nodules
^ Massi, Daniela; Luzar, Boštjan; Alos, Llucia (2016).
"15. Common skin tumours of the head and neck" . In Cardesa, Antonio; Slootweg, Pieter J.; Gale, Nina; Franchi, Alessandro (eds.). Pathology of the Head and Neck . Springer. p. 737.
ISBN
978-3-662-49670-1 .
^ Berg, Dale; Worzala, Katherine (2006).
"3. Female genitourinary examination" . Atlas of Adult Physical Diagnosis . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 55.
ISBN
978-0-7817-4190-3 .
^
"New York Thyroid Center: Thyroid Nodules" . Archived from
the original on 2010-09-17.
^ Ost D, Fein AM, Feinsilver SH; Fein; Feinsilver (June 2003). "Clinical practice. The solitary pulmonary nodule". New England Journal of Medicine . 348 (25): 2535–42.
doi :
10.1056/NEJMcp012290 .
PMID
12815140 . {{
cite journal }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link )
External links