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The National Socialist Movement of Norway ( Norwegian: Norges Nasjonalsosialistiske Bevegelse, NNSB), formerly Zorn 88, [1] was a Norwegian neo-Nazi [2] group with an estimated 150 members, led by Erik Rune Hansen until his death in 2004. [3] Founded in 1988, it was a secretive group with tight membership regulation. [4]

Ideology and activities

The NNSB expressed admiration for Adolf Hitler and Vidkun Quisling, [5] and was focused on historical revisionism and antisemitism, [2] particularly Holocaust denial. [1] It published the magazine Gjallarhorn, [1] and in 1999 published The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. [6] Other recurrent topics included racial hygiene, Norse religion, [4] the occult, UFOs, [3] and the white genocide conspiracy theory. [5] Several of its members were active Nazis as front fighters and members of Nasjonal Samling during World War II. [2] [7] The group had ties to Erik Blücher and the magazine Folk og Land, [7] and to Varg Vikernes. [8] It was part of international networks along with the World Union of National Socialists, [4] the National Socialist Movement of Denmark, the Swedish National Socialist Front, and Blood & Honour. [9] [10] Along with Scandinavian groups it took part in celebrations and memorials to Adolf Hitler and Rudolf Hess. [11]

In November 2007, a memorial ceremony at the German war cemetery in Oslo was attacked by anti-fascists, leaving five NNSB-members wounded, one severely. [12] The NNSB pledged that it had no intentions of retaliating the attack. [13] The group was eventually dissolved later the same year. [3]

References

  1. ^ a b c Søderlind, Didrik (3 March 2005). "Holocaust-benektelse på norsk". forskning.no (in Norwegian).
  2. ^ a b c "nynazisme". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). 28 April 2015.
  3. ^ a b c "Zorn 88 / NNSB". Redox (in Danish). Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  4. ^ a b c "Aller Ytterst – de rasistiske grupperinger i dagens Norge". Vepsen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 21 September 2020.
  5. ^ a b "Nazi-miljø på Hadeland". NRK (in Norwegian). 23 October 2007.
  6. ^ Lunde, Henrik (6 October 2011). "Nynazisme". Norwegian Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities (in Norwegian).
  7. ^ a b "Nazisekt adresse Haugesund". Haugesunds Avis (in Norwegian). 10 April 2002.
  8. ^ "Sort metall - hvite krigere". Monitor (in Norwegian). Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  9. ^ "Norske nazi-forbindelser til bankranerne". VG (in Norwegian). 1 June 1999.
  10. ^ "Fører i nytt nazi-nettverk?". VG (in Norwegian). 2 June 1999.
  11. ^ "Samling under Blüchers vinger". Monitor (in Norwegian). Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  12. ^ "- Angrep med balltre og bajonetter". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 11 November 2007.
  13. ^ "Ventet på nazistene". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 20 November 2007.
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