Nathan Johnson (1926–2021), was an American
modernist architect in Detroit, Michigan.[1][2] He designed some of the most iconic 1960s churches in Detroit,[2] and it is estimated at forty churches. He also designed public housing, campuses and dorms for churches and schools, single-family residential work and apartment towers.[2] Johnson was active when there were few Black architects in the city of Detroit, and was instrumental in supporting his community.[1] His architecture firm was Nathan Johnson & Associates, Inc., active from 1956 until around 2000.
Early life and education
Nathan Johnson was born on April 9, 1926 in
Herington, Kansas, into an African American family.[3][4][5] His father was a railroad worker.[2] Johnson attended
Kansas State University, where he graduated in 1950 with a degree in architecture.[2]
Johnson was in the
United States Navy for 3.5 years.[3] In 1952, he married Ruth Gardenhire; together they had three children.[2]
Career
Johnson came to Detroit in 1950 to work as a draftsman for the Black-owned architectural firm, White & Griffin (led by architects
Donald Frank White and
Francis Eugene Griffin).[2][6][7] He left White & Griffin around 1953, during the firms
Liberian design projects. Johnson later worked for Austrian-born architect,
Victor Gruen, who specialized in designing shopping malls.[2]
Johnson formed his own architectural firm in Detroit in 1956.[6][8] His office was at 2512 W. Grand Boulevard in Detroit. He had hired anywhere from two to forty employees at any given time.[9] Debra Davis,[2] Sidney Cobb, Robert Polk, and Spinks were associates that worked at his firm. Johnson mentored many young Black architects in Michigan.[10] One of his most notable designs was Stanley Mannia Café (1969–1971), a
Googie style Chinese restaurant in Detroit.[2][3] Mannia Café became a famous eatery with
Motown musicians and politicians.[2]
In 1963, the
Detroit Free Press newspaper did a profile of Johnson, in which he declared his commitment to Modernism.[2][11] He did not like
Revival style architecture, and particularly disliked
Colonial architecture, which he felt did not deserve a place in modern design.[11]
In the 1980s Johnson was chosen by Mayor
Coleman Young to design all of downtown’s
People Mover stations, an automated public transport system in the city of Detroit. Johnson took this as an opportunity that he shared by subcontracting several of the people mover stations to African American peers including
Aubrey Agee,
Roger Margerum,
Howard Francis Sims, and
Harold Richard Varner (of Sims–Varner).[5]
Johnson joined the
American Institute of Architects (AIA) in Detroit in 1953.[8] He won the AIA Detroit Gold medal in 2018.[10] Johnson was a member of the BAG (Black Architects Group).
Late life and death
The firm of Nathan Johnson & Associates, Inc. ended work sometime around 2000.[9] He died on November 5, 2021 in Detroit, Michigan, at the age of 96.[2][12]
List of architecture work
Churches
1960, Grace Episcopal Church, 1926 Virginia Park Street, Detroit, Michigan[11][3]
1962, Church of the Resurrection,
Ecorse, Michigan[9][11]
1962, Conant Gardens Church of Christ, 18480 Conant Street, Detroit, Michigan[9][11]