N1-Methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, also abbreviated as 4PY, is a breakdown product of
niacin,[1] that is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.[2] It has 2 carbonyl groups that are close to each other.[3][4][5]
References
^Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (2005). "Final report of the safety assessment of niacinamide and niacin". International Journal of Toxicology. 24 (Suppl 5): 1–31.
doi:
10.1080/10915810500434183.
PMID16596767.
S2CID208149068.
^Ferrell M, Wang Z, Anderson JT, Li XS, Witkowski M, DiDonato JA, Hilser JR, Hartiala JA, Haghikia A, Cajka T, Fiehn O, Sangwan N, Demuth I, König M, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Landmesser U, Tang WH, Allayee H, Hazen SL (February 2024). "A terminal metabolite of niacin promotes vascular inflammation and contributes to cardiovascular disease risk". Nature Medicine. 30 (2): 424–434.
doi:
10.1038/s41591-023-02793-8.
PMID38374343.