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The mass media in Mozambique is heavily influenced by the government. [1] Information in Mozambique is relayed by means of television, radio, newspapers, magazines and the internet. Radio is the most popular form of media. [1] Media outlets are regulated by the independent Supreme Mass Media Council. [2]

Print media

See also: List of newspapers in Mozambique

Mozambican newspapers have relatively low circulation rates as a result of high newspaper prices and low literacy rates. [1] One study indicates that only 5 in 1000 people have access to newspapers. [3] The two most popular daily newspapers are state-owned Noticias and the privately owned O Pais. [1] State controlled newspapers such as daily Diário de Moçambique and weekly Domingo are also highly circulated. [2] Other newspapers include Savana and Tempo. [4] A weekly newspaper known as Verdade is distributed free of charge near the capital city Maputo and is known for its negative views on the government. [1]

Noticias has the highest circulation rate at 16,000. Savana comes second with 15,000, while Domingo and Zambeze both have 10,000. Circulation is mainly confined to Maputo. [3]

Most funding and advertising revenue is given to pro-government newspapers. [1] However, the number of private newspapers with critical views of the government have increased significantly in recent years. [2]

Radio

See also: List of radio stations in Africa § Mozambique
Headquarters of Rádio Moçambique in KaMpfumo district of Maputo (photo 2009)

Radio programmes are the most widespread form of media in the country. [1] The most influential radio stations are state-owned, with most of the private radio stations having only a local audience. State-owned Rádio Moçambique [ pt] is the most popular radio station in the country. [1] It was established shortly after Mozambique's independence in June 1975 as a result of a merger between three other radio stations. [5] In October of that year, LM Radio, the Afrikaans and English service of Rádio Moçambique was shut down and its facilities nationalized. [5] [6]

Television

See also: List of television stations in Africa § Mozambique

The penetration rate of cable television in Maputo is roughly 30%. [3] Televisão de Moçambique, established in 1981, [7] is Mozambique's only state-controlled television station. [2] It is headquartered in Maputo. Approximately five privately owned stations are also headquartered in Maputo. [2] Foreign television stations such as Portuguese state TV and Brazilian-based Miramar have high viewership rates. [8]

Internet

See also: Telecommunications in Mozambique § Internet

With only 4.8% of the population having access to the internet, Mozambique's internet usage is among the lowest in Africa. [9] According to a report released in 2007, the capital Maputo had the highest internet usage rate, standing at 37.7%. [10]

There are no government restrictions on access to the Internet, however, opposition party members report that government intelligence agents monitor e-mail. [11]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Salgado, Susana (2014). The Internet and Democracy Building in Lusophone African Countries. Ashgate. p. 79.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Mozambique: Mass media". Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa. Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  3. ^ a b c Mário, Tomás Vieira; UNESCO (2011). Assessment of Media Development in Mozambique: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators. UNESCO. p. 123.
  4. ^ "Mozambique". Europa World Year Book 2004. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN  185743255X.
  5. ^ a b Berg, Jerome S. Broadcasting on the Short Waves, 1945 to Today. McFarland. p. 221. ISBN  978-0786469024.
  6. ^ "A Short History of LM Radio". LM Radio. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  7. ^ "Company Overview of Televisão de Moçambique – EP". Bloomberg. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  8. ^ "Mozambique: Profile". BBC. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  9. ^ "Key ICT indicators for developed and developing countries and the world (totals and penetration rates)" Archived 6 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine, International Telecommunications Unions (ITU), Geneva, 27 February 2013
  10. ^ Assessment of Media Development in Mozambique: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators, p. 124
  11. ^ "Mozambique", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 22 March 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2014.

Bibliography

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