| Masovian | |
|---|---|
| dialekty mazowieckie | |
| Native to | Poland |
| Region | Mazovian Voivodeship, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Lublin Voivodeship, Warmia-Mazuria Voivodeship |
| Latin ( Polish alphabet) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
| Linguasphere | 53-AAA-cc |
The Masovian dialect ( Polish: dialekt mazowiecki), also written Mazovian, is the dialect of Polish spoken in Mazovia and historically related regions, in northeastern Poland. [1] It is the most distinct of the Polish dialects and the most expansive. [1]
Mazovian dialects may exhibit such features as mazurzenie, sandhi (intervocalic voicing of obstruents on word boundaries), and asynchronous palatal pronunciation of labial consonants (so-called softening). The Kurpie region has some of the most distinctive phonetic features due to isolation. Characteristics include:
- Depalatalization of velars before /ɛ/ and palatalization of velars before historical /ɛ̃/; e.g. standard Polish rękę, nogę ('arm', 'leg', in the accusative case) is rendered [ˈrɛŋkʲɛ], [ˈnɔɡʲɛ] respectively instead of [ˈrɛŋkɛ], [ˈnɔɡɛ];
- /li/ sequences realized [lɪ] instead of [lʲi];
- merger of the retroflex series sz, ż, cz, dż into the alveolar s, z, c, dz;
- /ɨ/ > /i/ before certain consonants;
- the Old Polish dual number marker -wa continues to be attached to verbs;
- Standard Polish /ɔ̃/ and /ɛ̃/ merged with /u/ and /a/ respectively, in most situations;
- certain instances of a > e;
- [mʲ] > [ɲ]
Masovian dialects also contain certain vocabulary that is distinct from the standard Polish language and shares common characteristics with the Kashubian language. [2]
Subdialects
Mazovian dialects include but are not limited to subdialects [3] of:
- Białystok dialect ( Polish: gwara białostocka)
- Suwałki dialect ( Polish: gwara suwalska)
- Warmia dialect ( Polish: gwara warmińska)
- Kurpie dialect ( Polish: gwara kurpiowska)
- Masurian dialects ( Polish: gwara mazurska)
- Malbork-Lubawa dialect ( Polish: gwara malborsko-lubawska)
- Ostróda dialect ( Polish: gwara ostródzka)
- Near Mazovian dialect ( Polish: gwara mazowsza bliższego)
- Far Mazovian dialect ( Polish: gwara mazowsza dalszego)
- Warsaw dialect ( Polish: gwara warszawska)
References
- ^ a b "Gwary polskie – Dialekt mazowiecki". gwarypolskie.uw.edu.pl. Archived from the original on 2011-04-14. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ "Slavic languages – Encyclopædia Britannica". britannica.com. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ Halina Karas, Gwary Polskie, Dialects and gwary in Poland Archived 2011-04-14 at the Wayback Machine
Bibliography
- Barbara Bartnicka (red.): Polszczyzna Mazowsza i Podlasia. Łomża-Warszawa 1993.
- Anna Basara: Studia nad wokalizmem w gwarach Mazowsza. Wrocław-Warszawa-Kraków 1965.
- Anna Cegieła: Polski Słownik terminologii i gwary teatralnej. Wrocław 1992.
- Jadwiga Chludzińska-Świątecka: Ze studiów nad słowotwórstwem gwar mazowieckich. Poradnik Językowy, z. 6, 1961, s. 253–258.
- Karol Dejna: Dialekty polskie. Ossolineum 1993.
- Barbara Falińska (red.): Gwary Mazowsza, Podlasia i Suwalszczyzny.ɴ I. Filipów, pow. Suwałki, Białystok, 2004.
- Województwo płockie. Uniwersytet Łódzki, Łódź-Płock 1984.