Mascames, also spelled Maskames ( Old Persian: Maškāma) was a Persian official and military commander, who flourished during the reign of Xerxes I ( r. 486–465). [1] [2] He was the son of Megadostes, and was appointed governor of Doriscus in 480 BC by Xerxes I, succeeding the governor who had been appointed by Darius the Great ( r. 522–486 BC). [3] [4] According to Herodotus, Mascames resisted all Greek attacks following the Second Persian invasion of Greece, and remained thus known as the only remaining Persian governor in Europe. [4] Though the Greeks managed to clear other Persian garrisons in Europe, such as Eion, they were unable to take Doriscus from Mascames, which irked the Athenian military. [2] [5]
As no one managed to dislodge him, Mascames was highly honored by Xerxes I and received annual gifts from him for his bravery. [4] [2] Mascames's descendants (who succeeded him) continued to receive gifts from Xerxes I's successor, Artaxerxes I ( r. 465–424 BC). [6] [1]
According to Raphael Sealey, the Achaemenid ruler probably recalled Mascames with his garrison around 465 BC, and finally abandoned Doriscus. [7] However, Muhammad Dandamayev notes that when Herodotus wrote his Histories in the second half of the fifth century BC, Doriscus was still held by the Persians. [8]
Miroslav Ivanov Vasilev states that Mascames may have died by 465 BC. [a]