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Japanese physicist and business executive
Masatoshi Ōkōchi
Born (1878-12-06 ) December 6, 1878Died August 29, 1952(1952-08-29) (aged 73) Nationality Japanese Occupation Businessman Children 5 (including
Nobutake and
Nobuhiro )
Viscount Masatoshi Ōkōchi (大河内正敏 , Ōkōchi Masatoshi , December 6, 1878 – August 29, 1952) was a Japanese physicist and business executive. He was the third director of the
Riken Institute, a position which he assumed in 1921 and held for 25 years. During this period, he was notable for establishing the Riken Konzern , a
zaibatsu of companies which focused on utilizing Riken's research results to produce commercial products.
Personal life
He was the eldest son of
Ōkōchi Masatada , son of
Manabe Akikatsu and adopted son of
Matsudaira Masatomo . He married a daughter of his uncle
Ōkōchi Nobuhisa , another son of Akikatsu but adopted by
Matsudaira Nobuaki , with whom he had issue, including
Nobuhiro Ōkōchi . His granddaughter through Nobuhiro was actress
Momoko Kōchi .
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
Ancestry
Ancestors of Masatoshi Ōkōchi 16. Manabe Akitō 8. Manabe Akihiro 4.
Manabe Akikatsu 2. Ōkōchi Masatada 20. Matsudaira Yasumichi 10.
Matsudaira Yasutō 5. Matsudaira Renko 22. Matsudaira Yasusada 11. Mankihime 1. Masatoshi Ōkōchi 24. Matsudaira Masamichi 12. Matsudaira Masakata 6. Matsudaira Masatomo 26. Matsudaira Nobuakira 13. Matsudaira Atsu 3. Matsudaira Mineko
History
Masatoshi was born in
Hamamatsuchō, Minato, Tokyo as a descendant of the
Ōkōchi-Matsudaira clan who ruled over the
Ōtaki Domain . After graduating from an elementary school affiliated with
Gakushūin , he received an education at the First High School, and then enrolled in the
Tokyo Imperial University .
1903 – After graduating from college, he became a lecturer. His subsequent visits to Europe were privately financed.
1911 – After returning to Japan, he was appointed professor at the Tokyo Imperial University.
During that time, he collaborated with
Torahiko Terada on the experiment involving flying bullets.
1914 – He received a
Doctor of Engineering .
February 27, 1915 – He was elected as Viscount in the
House of Peers .
1918 – He served as parliamentary vice-minister of the
Ministry of the Navy of Japan under
Hara Takashi .
September 30, 1921 – Under the recommendation of the president of the University of Tokyo,
Yamakawa Kenjirō , he was elevated to his position as director of Riken.
There, he introduced the laboratory system to bring freedom to senior researchers at Riken, further advancing the commercialization of research results, making Riken an international research institute.
1925 – He resigned his position as professor at the University of Tokyo to devote to his position as director of Riken.
1927 – For the purpose of commercializing research results on Kogyo Co, Ltd., Riken started production of the first practical use
piston ring in Japan.
Seventy-six companies merged into the Riken Konzern , causing Riken to account for the leadership of this zaibatsu.
April 1, 1930 – He was ordained into the
Japanese honors system , and he was bestowed upon the
Order of the Sacred Treasure .
July 19, 1930 – He resigned as a member of the House of Peers.
April 2, 1934 – He was appointed as the fourth head of Tokyo's physical school (now superseded by the
Tokyo University of Science ).
May 1936 – He was appointed as president of Tokyo's physical school.
September 1937 – He resigned as president of Tokyo's physical school.
February 10, 1938 – He was elected as Viscount in the House of Peers in a representative election.
1943 – He was appointed as an adviser of Tojo's cabinet.
December 6, 1945 – He was charged for
war crimes as a Class A war criminal suspect.
December 13, 1945 – He was detained in
Sugamo Prison .
December 25, 1945 – He resigned as principal of Tokyo's physical school.
April 1946 – He was released from custody.
April 7, 1946 – He resigned as a member of the House of Peers for the last time.
October 1946 – He resigned as the director of Riken.
Until his resignation, he supported the researchers' studies in a wide range of fields in the royalties of Riken's companies.
Also, one year after the resignation, he was
purged from running for public office.
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August 6, 1951 – His purge from office has been softened.
August 29, 1952 – He died from a
cerebral infarction at the age of 73. Before his death, he was bestowed upon the
Order of the Rising Sun .
His grave is located at
Heirin-ji at
Niiza, Saitama .
See also
References
^ Saitō, Ken.
大河内正敏: 科学・技術に生涯をかけた男 . 日本経済評論社, 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2016. (in Japanese)
^
大河内松平家(吉田藩) . Reichsarchiv. Retrieved December 2015. (in Japanese)
^
大河内子爵家 吉田藩主
Archived May 10, 2017, at the
Wayback Machine . 直球感想文 和館. Retrieved 14 February 2016. (in Japanese)
^
"Person Details for Momoko Okochi, "Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Immigration cards, 1900-1965" . FamilySearch.org . Arquivo Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. December 23, 1957. Retrieved November 13, 2016 .
^
Okochi, Masatoshi . Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures. National Diet Library, 2013. Retrieved January 2016.
External links
[1] – Information about the history of RIKEN
International National Academics Other