Martin J. Lohse (born 26 August 1956) is a German physician and pharmacologist.
Career
Lohse performs ongoing research on
G protein-coupled receptors. Since 1993, he is a Professor of Pharmacology at the University of
Würzburg, Germany, retired in 2022, and he was the Founding Chairman of the
Rudolf Virchow Center (2001–2016). From 2016 to 2019, he was Chairman of the Board and Scientific Director of the
Max Delbrück Center in
Berlin, a national research center of the
Helmholtz Association for molecular medicine.[1][2] In 2017, he also became Speaker of the Board of the
Berlin Institute of Health, a joint research center of the Max Delbrück Center and the
Charité. Since 2020 he is chairman and managing director of
ISAR Bioscience Institute, a translational research institute in Planegg/Munich.
Lohse received his exam in medicine as well as his M.D. from the University of
Göttingen, and did research in pharmacology at the University of
Heidelberg,
Duke University and the GeneCenter in
Munich. His research focusses on the role of receptors in heart failure and on the mechanisms of their activation and inactivation.
While working with
Robert Lefkowitz at
Duke University he discovered beta-
arrestins, proteins that regulate the function of certain cell surface receptors.[3]
He discovered that
beta-1 adrenergic receptors and their regulatory
G protein-coupled receptor kinases are dysregulated in heart failure.[4] The observation that increased β1-adrenergic receptor levels and signaling cause long-term cardiac damage contributed to the use of
beta-blockers in heart failure patients.[5] Further studies by his lab showed that heart failure is accompanied by a specific type of activation of so-called ERK protein kinases (
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases).[6] Another regulatory protein,
Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP), was shown to exert beneficial effects on cardiac structure and function.[7]
Lohse pioneered the use of optical techniques to determine, where and how fast receptors become activated by hormones and neurotransmitters.[8][9][10] These studies led to the concept of nanometer-sized independent domains where signaling by individual receptors occurs.[11][12]
^Lohse, Martin J.; Benovic, Jeffrey L.; Codina, Juan; Caron, Marc G.; Lefkowitz, Robert J. (22 June 1990). "β-Arrestin: a Protein that Regulates β-adrenergic Receptor Function". Science. 248 (4962). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 1547–1550.
Bibcode:
1990Sci...248.1547L.
doi:
10.1126/science.2163110.
ISSN0036-8075.
PMID2163110.
^Lorenz, Kristina; Schmitt, Joachim P; Schmitteckert, Eva M; Lohse, Martin J (7 December 2008). "A new type of ERK1/2 autophosphorylation causes cardiac hypertrophy". Nature Medicine. 15 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 75–83.
doi:
10.1038/nm.1893.
ISSN1078-8956.
PMID19060905.
S2CID13973823.
^Schmid, Evelyn; Neef, Stefan; Berlin, Christopher; Tomasovic, Angela; Kahlert, Katrin; Nordbeck, Peter; Deiss, Katharina; Denzinger, Sabrina; Herrmann, Sebastian; Wettwer, Erich; Weidendorfer, Markus; Becker, Daniel; Schäfer, Florian; Wagner, Nicole; Ergün, Süleyman; Schmitt, Joachim P; Katus, Hugo A; Weidemann, Frank; Ravens, Ursula; Maack, Christoph; Hein, Lutz; Ertl, Georg; Müller, Oliver J; Maier, Lars S; Lohse, Martin J; Lorenz, Kristina (19 October 2015). "Cardiac RKIP induces a beneficial β-adrenoceptor–dependent positive inotropy". Nature Medicine. 21 (11). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 1298–1306.
doi:
10.1038/nm.3972.
ISSN1078-8956.
PMID26479924.
S2CID11418537.
^Vilardaga, Jean-Pierre; Bünemann, Moritz; Krasel, Cornelius; Castro, Mariàn; Lohse, Martin J (15 June 2003). "Measurement of the millisecond activation switch of G protein–coupled receptors in living cells". Nature Biotechnology. 21 (7). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 807–812.
doi:
10.1038/nbt838.
ISSN1087-0156.
PMID12808462.
S2CID19520338.
^Hoffmann, Carsten; Gaietta, Guido; Bünemann, Moritz; Adams, Stephen R; Oberdorff-Maass, Silke; Behr, Björn; Vilardaga, Jean-Pierre; Tsien, Roger Y; Ellisman, Mark H; Lohse, Martin J (17 February 2005). "A FlAsH-based FRET approach to determine G protein–coupled receptor activation in living cells". Nature Methods. 2 (3). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 171–176.
doi:
10.1038/nmeth742.
ISSN1548-7091.
PMID15782185.
S2CID6405686.
^Lohse, Martin J.; Nuber, Susanne; Hoffmann, Carsten (8 March 2012). Christopoulos, Arthur (ed.). "Fluorescence/Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Techniques to Study G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Activation and Signaling". Pharmacological Reviews. 64 (2). American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET): 299–336.
doi:
10.1124/pr.110.004309.
ISSN0031-6997.
PMID22407612.
S2CID2042851.
^A. Bock, P. Annibale, C. Konrad, A. Hannawacker, S.E. Anton, I. Maiellaro, U. Zabel, S. Sivaramakrishnan, M. Falcke, M.J. Lohse: "Optical mapping of cAMP signaling at the nanometer scale." In: Cell. 182, 2020, pp. 1519-1530.
^S.E. Anton, C. Kayser, I. Maiellaro, K. Nemec, J. Möller, A. Koschinski, M. Zaccolo, P. Annibale, M. Falcke, M.J. Lohse, A. Bock: "Receptor-associated independent cAMP nanodomains mediate spatiotemporal specificity of GPCR signaling." In: Cell. 185, 2022, pp. 1130-1142.
^Martin Lohse (Ed.): 'When the spark is lit. 200 years of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Physicians.' (in German) Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 2022, ISBN 978-3-95415-130-1
External links
"List of Members". Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften Leopoldina. 6 October 2021. Retrieved 27 November 2021.