Mankayan
Municipality
Municipality of Mankayan
Lepanto Mines Airstrip
Flag Seal
Motto:  North to the Future of Benguet
Map of Benguet with Mankayan highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Mankayan Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 16°51′24″N 120°47′36″E / 16.8567°N 120.7933°E / 16.8567; 120.7933
Country	Philippines
Region	Cordillera Administrative Region
Province	Benguet
District	Lone district
Founded	1955
Barangays	12 (see Barangays)
Government   [1]
• Type	Sangguniang Bayan
•  Mayor	Frenzel A. Ayong
•  Vice Mayor	Joseph Denver B. Tongacan
•  Representative	Nestor B. Fongwan
•  Electorate	21,338 voters ( 2022)
Area [2]
• Total	130.48 km2 (50.38 sq mi)
Elevation	1,338 m (4,390 ft)
Highest elevation	2,214 m (7,264 ft)
Lowest elevation	666 m (2,185 ft)
Population  (2020 census) [3]
• Total	37,233
• Density	290/km2 (740/sq mi)
•  Households	9,288
Economy
•  Income class	1st municipal income class
•  Poverty incidence	10.35 % (2018) [4]
•  Revenue	₱ 175.3 million (2020)
•  Assets	₱ 334.6 million (2020)
•  Expenditure	₱ 170.6 million (2020)
•  Liabilities	₱ 28.92 million (2020)
Service provider
• Electricity	Benguet Electric Cooperative (BENECO)
Time zone	UTC+8 ( PST)
ZIP code	2608
PSGC	141111000
IDD :  area code	+63 (0)74
Native languages	Kankanaey Ibaloi Ilocano Tagalog

Mankayan, officially the Municipality of Mankayan ( Ilocano: Ili ti Mankayan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Mankayan), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 37,233 people. ^[3]

The municipality is known as a mining town, being the location of several mines, including the Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company. ^{[5] [6]}

Etymology

The name "Mankayan" is derived from Nancayan, the Hispanic term of the native name of the place, Nangkayang (which means "high up in the mountain"). ^{[5] [6]}

History

Pre-colonial period

Nangkayang was once a heavily forested area. The natives of the surrounding settlements of Panat and Bag-ongan mined gold through the labon system, after its reported discovery in a river. Copper was later discovered by the end of the 16th century in Kamangga-an (location of present-day Lepanto). ^[6]

Spanish period

By the 1800s, the Spanish colonial government sent expeditions to survey the mines. On February 3, 1850, an expedition led by engineer Don Antonio Hernandez confirmed the presence of copper in Mankayan.

In 1852, Lepanto was established by the Spanish as a comandancia politico-militar, ^{[6] [7]} composed of several rancherias which included Mankayan. ^[5]

Seven different mines were discovered in the Mankayan-Suyoc region during Admiral Pedro Durán de Monforte's 1667 expedition, and Simón de Anda's administration (1770-1776) mentioned Igorot copperware. In 1833, Galvey sent ore samples from Gambang ("copper"), Suyoc, and Mankayan, to the governor. The first Spanish mining claim on the Cordillera was made by Tomás Balbas y Castro on 26 March 1856, ^[8] and established a mining company called the Sociedad Minero-Metalurgica Cantabro Filipino de Mancayan. ^[5] The company ceased operations in 1875. ^[6]

American period

Under the American rule, Mankayan remained under the jurisdiction of Lepanto, and later Lepanto-Bontoc until the latter's dissolution. Mankayan was later annexed to the sub-province of Benguet as a municipal district in 1913. ^{[5] [6]}

The mining boom in Mankayan began in 1933, with American Victor Lednickey establishing the Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company on September 26, 1936. ^{[5] [6]}

Second World War

In 1942, following the outbreak of the war, the Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company, together with the Suyoc Consolidated Mining Company, were taken over by the Japanese Mitsui Mining Company, which renamed the mines into "Mitsui Mankayan Copper Mines". The Mitsui Company controlled the mines until 1945. ^{[5] [6] [9]}

Post-war era

After the war, the Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company resumed the mining operations. ^{[5] [6]}

Mankayan was converted from a municipal district into a regular municipality on June 16, 1955, by virtue of Republic Act 1302. ^{[10] [11]}

In 2018, in order to preserve the highly artistic gangsa-making intangible heritage of the Mankayan elders, the cultural masters of the town converged and began teaching the younger generations the process and importance of gangsa-making to their way of life, effectively preserving indigenous gong culture in the town. ^[12]

Geography

Mankayan is on the north-western tip of Benguet. It is bordered by Bakun on the west, Buguias on the southeast, Tadian and Bauko on the east, and Cervantes on the north-west.

Mankayan is 94 kilometres (58 mi) from Baguio, 89 kilometres (55 mi) from La Trinidad, and 344 kilometres (214 mi) from Manila.

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of 130.48 square kilometres (50.38 sq mi)  ^[13] constituting 4.71% of the 2,769.08-square-kilometre- (1,069.15 sq mi) total area of Benguet.

Barangays

Mankayan is politically subdivided into 12 barangays. ^[14] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

PSGC	Barangay	Population			±% p.a.
		2020 [3]		2010 [15]
141111001	Balili	23.0%	8,547	6,236	▴	3.20%
141111002	Bedbed	3.0%	1,113	864	▴	2.56%
141111003	Bulalacao	9.0%	3,362	3,349	▴	0.04%
141111004	Cabiten	5.7%	2,128	1,854	▴	1.39%
141111005	Colalo	4.4%	1,632	1,232	▴	2.85%
141111006	Guinaoang	5.9%	2,212	1,855	▴	1.78%
141111008	Paco	13.0%	4,844	6,035	▾	−2.17%
141111009	Palasaan	8.0%	2,971	2,348	▴	2.38%
141111010	Poblacion	5.9%	2,196	3,084	▾	−3.34%
141111011	Sapid	7.7%	2,878	3,271	▾	−1.27%
141111012	Tabio	9.6%	3,566	3,792	▾	−0.61%
141111013	Taneg	4.8%	1,784	1,666	▴	0.69%
	Total		37,233	37,233		0.00%

Climate

Demographics

In the 2020 census, Mankayan had a population of 37,233. ^[3] The population density was 290 inhabitants per square kilometre (750/sq mi).

Economy

Poverty Incidence of Mankayan

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority ^{[20] [21]
[22] [23] [24] [25] [26]}

Government

Local government

Mankayan, belonging to the lone congressional district of the province of Benguet, is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

Elected officials

Education

Public schools

As of 2014, Mankayan has 35 public elementary schools and 9 public secondary schools. ^{[30] [31] [32]}

Notes

References

External links

• Philippine Standard Geographic Code