Mamonovo is named after a Soviet Commander,
Nikolay Mamonov, killed in action near
Pułtusk on October 26, 1944, who was posthumously awarded the title
Hero of the Soviet Union on March 24, 1945.
History
Under the
Teutonic Knights Heiligenstadt was built near an
Old Prussian settlement. It was later renamed Heiligenbeil after a holy axe used by
Augustinian monks, established in the area by Grand Master
Winrich von Kniprode after the
Battle of Rudau, to cut down an oak tree worshiped by pagan Prussians.[10] It came under the
bishopric of Warmia, then to the territory of
Natangia. Since 1440, the town was a founding member of the anti-Teutonic
Prussian Confederation, upon the request of which, Polish King
Casimir IV Jagiellon incorporated the region and town to the
Kingdom of Poland in 1454.[11] Then the
Thirteen Years' War, the longest of all Polish–Teutonic wars, broke out, after which the region and town became part of Poland as a
fief held by the Teutonic Knights,[12] and after 1525 held by secular
Ducal Prussia. From 1701, the town was part of the
Kingdom of Prussia, and from 1871 it was also part of Germany, within which it was located in the province of
East Prussia.
During
World War II, in 1944–1945, it was the location of the
Heiligenbeil concentration camp, a subcamp of the
Stutthof concentration camp, in which the Germans imprisoned around 1,100
Jewish women and 100 Jewish men as
forced labour.[13] Towards the end of the war in fierce fighting between January and March 1945 the
Heiligenbeil pocket fell to the
Red Army. It was captured by Red Army on March 26, 1945, and was soon integrated into the
Kaliningrad Oblast. It took its present name in 1946. The defending
4th Army's archives were buried in a forest near the town and found in 2004, in an area still littered with debris from the final battles.[14]
Правительство Калининградской области. Постановление №640 от 30 августа 2011 г. «Об утверждении реестра объектов административно-территориального деления Калининградской области», в ред. Постановления №877 от 21 ноября 2011 г «О внесении изменения в Постановление Правительства Калининградской области от 30 августа 2011 г. №640». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Калининградская правда" (вкладыш "Официально"), №170, 15 сентября 2011 г. (Government of Kaliningrad Oblast. Resolution #640 of August 30, 2011 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Objects of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of Kaliningrad Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #877 of November 21, 2011 On Amending the Resolution of the Government of Kaliningrad Oblast #640 of August 30, 2011. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Калининградская областная Дума. Закон №395 от 15 мая 2004 г. «О наделении муниципального образования "Город Мамоново" статусом городского округа», в ред. Закона №370 от 1 июля 2009 г «О составе территорий муниципальных образований Калининградской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская газета" ("Запад России"), №115, 3 июня 2004 г. (Kaliningrad Oblast Duma. Law #395 of May 15, 2004 On Granting the Urban Okrug Status to the Municipal Formation of the "Town of Mamonovo", as amended by the Law #370 of July 1, 2009 On the Composition of the Territories of the Municipal Formations of Kaliningrad Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).