McClintock Island (
Russian: Остров Мак-Клинтока; Ostrov Mak-Klintoka) is an island in
Franz Josef Land, Russia.
This island is roughly square-shaped and its maximum length is 33 km (21 mi). Its area is 612 km2 (236 sq mi) and it is largely glaciated. Its highest point is 521 m (1,709 ft).
The island's northernmost point is called Cape Greely (мыс Грили). The northerwestern point is Cape Karpinsky (мыс Карпинского), the southwestern point is Cape Dillon (мыс Диллона).[1] From north to south, Cape Bergen (мыс Берген), Cape Brünn (мыс Брюнн), and Cape Oppolzer (мыс Оппольцера) are located on the eastern shore.[2]
Adjacent islands
McClintock Island is located very close to the west of
Hall Island, separated from it by a narrow sound, Proliv Negri.
Alger Island (Остров Алджер), lies off McClintock Island's northern shore, separated from it by a 3 km (1.9 mi) narrow sound. Alger Island was the wintering site of the failed American
Baldwin-Ziegler Polar Expedition of 1901-1902.
Brady Island (Остров Брейди), is a relatively large, mostly glaciated island. It is located off McClintock Island's northwestern tip, separated from it by the 6 km (3.7 mi) wide Aberdare Sound (Proliv Abyerder). The highest point on Brady Island is 381 m (1,250 ft). This island was named after English chemist, pharmacist and geologist
George Brady. Cape Wiese, Brady Island's northernmost cape, is named after Russian Arctic expert
Vladimir Wiese.
Right by McClintock Island's southern shore, there is a group of islets called Ostrova Borisika.
Another small group of islands, Ostrova Lyuriki, lie slightly further to the west.[1]
The island was discovered by the
Austro-Hungarian North Pole expedition in March 1874.[6] They named it after
Irish explorer of the Arctic
Francis Leopold McClintock.[7] During his third sledge trip, co-expedition leader
Julius Payer climbed Cape Brünn from which he attempted to survey the southern coast of
Zichy Land and estimated the westward extent of Franz Josef Land to reach 50° E at least.[8]
^Capelotti, Peter; Forsberg, Magnus (2015). "The place names of Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa: the Wellman polar expedition, 1898–1899". Polar Record. 51 (261): 624–636.
doi:
10.1017/S0032247414000801.
S2CID129721098. p. 625
^Hof- und Staats-Handbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie. Vienna: Druck und Verlag der k. k. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. 1874 – via Bayerische Staatsbibliothek.
p. 190
^Krisch, Otto (1875). Tagebuch des Nordpolfahrers Otto Krisch. Vienna: Josef Klemm.
pp. 10f.
^Payer, Julius (1876). Die österreichisch-ungarische Nordpol-Expedition in den Jahren 1872–1874. Vienna: Hölder.
p. 299.
^Schimanski, Johan; Spring, Ulrike (2015). Passagiere des Eises: Polarhelden und arktische Diskurse 1874. Vienna: Böhlau.
ISBN9783205796060.
p. 446.
^Payer, Julius (1876). Die österreichisch-ungarische Nordpol-Expedition in den Jahren 1872–1874. Vienna: Hölder.
p. 370.
^Capelotti, Peter Joseph (2016). The greatest show in the Arctic: the American exploration of Franz Josef Land, 1898-1905. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 260, 521.
ISBN978-0-8061-5222-6.