Loriinae is a subfamily of
psittacine birds, one of the six subfamilies that make up the family
Psittaculidae. It consists of three tribes, the lories and lorikeets (
Loriini), the budgerigar (
Melopsittacini) and the fig parrots (
Cyclopsittini), which are small birds, mostly of bright colors and inhabitants of
Oceania and the islands of
Southeast Asia.
Taxonomy
The subfamily Loriinae was introduced in 1836 (as Loriana and Lorianae) by the English naturalist
Prideaux John Selby in his book The Natural History of Parrots.[1][2] Traditionally it was considered that the lories were the only members of the subfamily Loriinae, or were integrated into their own family, Loriidae,[3] but currently they are classified as a tribe,
Loriini, within a larger subfamily Loriinae. The genetic studies showed that the lories are closely related to the budgerigar and the fig parrots of the genera Cyclopsitta and Psittaculirostris,[4][5][6][7][8] that form the other two tribes that make up the subfamily,
Melopsittacini and
Cyclopsittini, respectively.
Loriinae is integrated as one of the five subfamilies of the family
Psittaculidae, together with
Psittaculinae,
Platycercinae,
Psittacellinae,
Agapornithinae; and in turn
Psittaculidae forms together with two families more the superfamily
Psittacoidea.
Genera
The subfamily includes the following genera and tribes:[2][9][10]
^
abJoseph, L.; Toon, A.; Schirtzinger, E.E.; Wright, T.F.; Schodde, R. (2012). "A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes)". Zootaxa. 3205 (1): 26–40.
doi:
10.11646/zootaxa.3205.1.2.
^Forshaw, Joseph M.; Cooper, William T. (1981) [1973, 1978]. Parrots of the World (corrected second ed.). David & Charles, Newton Abbot, London.
ISBN0-7153-7698-5.
^de Kloet, RS; de Kloet SR (2005). "The evolution of the spindlin gene in birds: Sequence analysis of an intron of the spindlin W and Z gene reveals four major divisions of the Psittaciformes". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 36 (3): 706–721.
doi:
10.1016/j.ympev.2005.03.013.
PMID16099384.
^Tokita, Masayoshi; Kiyoshi, Takuya; Armstrong, Kyle N. (30 October 2007). "Evolution of craniofacial novelty in parrots through developmental modularity and heterochrony". Evolution & Development. 9 (6): 590–601.
doi:
10.1111/j.1525-142X.2007.00199.x.
PMID17976055.
S2CID46659963.
^Christidis, L; Schodde, R; Shaw, D. D; Maynes, S. F (1991). "Relationships among the Australo-Papuan Parrots, Lorikeets, and Cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes): Protein Evidence". Condor. 93 (2): 302–17.
doi:
10.2307/1368946.
JSTOR1368946.
^Joseph, L.; Merwin, J.; Smith, B.T. (2020). "Improved systematics of lorikeets reflects their evolutionary history and frames conservation priorities". Emu - Austral Ornithology. 120 (3): 201–215.
doi:
10.1080/01584197.2020.1779596.