From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following is a list of notable people who were born in
Berlin,
Germany.
Politicians and statesmen
-
Friedrich Ancillon (1767–1837), Prussian historian and statesman.
[1]
-
Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg (1803–1868), statesman and politician
-
Eduard Bernstein (1850–1932), politician (
SPD), member of the Reichstag
-
Berthold von Bernstorff (1842–1917), politician and owner of Schiermonnikoog.
[2]
-
Anna of Brandenburg (1487–1514), noblewoman and mother of
Christian III (King of Denmark)
-
Rudy Boschwitz (born 1930),
U.S. Senator from
Minnesota and former U.S. Ambassador to the
United Nations Commission on Human Rights, born to a
Jewish family in Berlin.
-
Rainer Brüderle (born 1945), politician (FDP)
-
Sawsan Chebli (born 1978), politician (SPD)
-
Eberhard Diepgen (born 1941), politician (CDU),
Governing Mayor of Berlin
-
Kurt Eisner (1867–1919), politician (SPD,
USPD)
-
Frederick the Great (1712–1786), King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786.
[3]
-
Frederick William (1620–1688), Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia from 1640 until 1688.
[4]
-
Frederick William I (1688–1740), King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg from 1713 until 1740.
[5]
-
Frederick William II (1744–1797), King of Prussia from 1786 until 1797.
[6]
-
Stefan Gelbhaar (born 1976), politician (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen)
-
Ernst Ludwig von Gerlach (1795–1877), judge, politician and journalist
-
George V of Hanover (1819—1878), King of
Hanover from 1851 until 1866.
[7]
-
Gregor Gysi (born 1948), politician (The Left)
-
Klaus Gysi (1912–1999), Minister of Culture and state secretary for church affairs of
GDR
-
Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1828–1885), brother of future German emperor
William I.
[8]
-
Reinhard Klimmt (born 1942), politician (SPD), Prime Minister of
Saarland
-
Hans Luther (1879–1962),
Chancellor in the
Weimar Republic
-
David McAllister (born 1971), politician (CDU), Prime Minister of
Niedersachsen
-
Erich Mielke (1907–2000), head of the
Stasi
-
Petra Pau (born 1963), politician (The Left)
-
Hugo Preuss (1860–1925), lawyer and "father of the
Weimar Constitution"
-
Jesko von Puttkamer (1855–1917), colonial military chief, and nine times governor of Cameroon
-
Walther Rathenau (1867–1922), industrialist, politician (
DDP) and Foreign Minister of the Weimar Republic
-
Baldur von Schirach (1907–1974), leader of the
Hitlerjugend 1931–1940, Reich governor in
Vienna
-
Rupert Scholz (born 1937), politician (CDU)
-
Käte Selbmann (1906–1962), teacher and politician (KPD/SED/DFD)
[9]
-
Paul Singer (1844–1911), SPD co-founder, whose chairman and
Reichstag, producer
-
Willi Stoph (1914–1999), politician (SED), Chairman of the State Council
-
Gustav Stresemann (1878–1929), politician (DVP),
chancellor and
foreign minister of the Weimar Republic,
Nobel Peace Prize laureate
-
Otto Wels (1873–1939), politician (SPD)
-
William I, German Emperor (1797–1888), German Emperor.
[10]
-
Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1859–1941), German Emperor.
[11]
-
Wilhelmine of Prussia (1709–1758), Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth.
[12]
-
Klaus Wowereit (born 1953), politician (SPD),
Governing Mayor of Berlin from 2001 to 2014
Entrepreneurs
-
Ellen Allien, musician, DJ, founder of music label BPitch Control
-
Heinz Berggruen (1914–2007), art dealer
-
Ernst Dümmler (1830–1902), bookseller and historian.
[13]
-
Alexander Duncker (1813–1897), publisher and bookseller
-
Friedrich Karl Flick (1927–2006), industrialist and billionaire
-
Albert Göring (1895–1966), engineer and business manager
-
Klaus and Eva Herlitz (born 1947 and 1952 respectively), business people and the initiators of the
Buddy Bears
-
Günter Herlitz (1913-2010), business people
-
Bernhard Koehler (1849-1927), industrialist and art collector
-
Gustav Langenscheidt (1832–1895), language teacher, book publisher, and the founder of Langenscheidt Publishing Group
-
Ernst Litfaß (1816–1874), publisher, inventor of the
Litfaßsäule
-
Joseph Mendelssohn (1770–1848), banker.
[14]
-
Franz Oppenheim (1852-1929), industrialist and chemist
-
Harald Quandt (1921–1967), industrialist
-
Hasso Plattner (born 1944), co-founder of
SAP SE software company
-
Emil Rathenau (1838–1915), industrialist and founder of the
AEG
-
Wolf Jobst Siedler (1926–2013), publisher and publicist
-
Arnold von Siemens (1853-1918), entrepreneur and industrialist
-
Carl Friedrich von Siemens (1872–1941), industrialist
-
Georg Wilhelm von Siemens (1855-1919), industrialist
-
Georg Solmssen (1869-1957), German banker
-
Joachim Heinrich Wilhelm Wagener (1782-1861), German banker and patron of the arts
Military officers
-
Hans-Rudolf Boehmer (born 1938),
Vice Admiral A.D. the
German Navy, inspector of the navy (1995–1998)
-
Karl von Bülow (1846–1921), Prussian
field marshal
-
Heinz Brandt (1907–1944), General Staff officer
-
Adolf von Brauchitsch (1876-1935), German major general
-
Walther von Brauchitsch (1881-1948), German field marshal
-
Leo von Caprivi (1831–1899),
Vice Admiral of the Imperial German Navy, politicians,
Chancellor as a successor
Bismarck.
[15]
-
Karl Dönitz (1891–1980),
Grand admiral and commander of the German Navy in
WWII
-
Maximilian von Edelsheim (1897-1994), general
-
Max von Fabeck (1854–1916), Prussian general
-
Maximilian Vogel von Falckenstein (1839–1917), Prussian general
-
Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix (1699–1765), Prussian general
-
Georg Freiherr von Gayl (1850–1927), Prussian general
-
Ludwig Friedrich Leopold von Gerlach (1790–1861), Prussian general
-
Karl von Grolman (1777–1843), Prussian general.
[16]
-
Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow (1678–1739), Prussian field marshal
-
Wilhelm von Hahnke (1833–1912), Prussian field marshal
-
Henning von Holtzendorff (1853–1919), German admiral
-
Ludwig Karl von Kalckstein (1725–1800), Prussian field marshal
-
Otto von Knobelsdorff (1886-1966), German general
-
Christian Nicolaus von Linger (1669–1755), Prussian general
-
Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow (1782–1834), Prussian lieutenant general
-
Erich von Manstein (1887–1973), German field marshal
-
Alexander von Monts (1832–1888), Prussian and German Imperial Navy officer
-
Elhard von Morozowicz (1893–1934),
Der Stahlhelm official and SA General
-
Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf (1762–1823), Prussian field marshal
-
Jürgen Oesten (1913–2010), German Korvettenkapitän in the Kriegsmarine
-
Hermann von Oppeln-Bronikowski (1899–1966), German general
-
Alexander August Wilhelm von Pape (1813–1895), Prussian field marshal
-
Augustus Ferdinand of Prussia (1730–1813), Prussian general
-
Adalbert of Prussia (1811–1873), Prussian admiral
-
Albert of Prussia (1837–1906), Prussian general field marshal
-
Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1828-1873), Prussian field marshal
-
Henry of Prussia (1726–1802), 13 child king
Frederick William. I in Prussia, the Prussian commander army
-
Albert von Rauch (1829–1901), Prussian general
-
Fedor von Rauch (1822-1892), cavalry officer in the Prussian Army
-
Friedrich von Rauch (1855–1935), Prussian general
-
Gustav Waldemar von Rauch (1819–1890), Prussian general
-
Nikolaus von Rauch (1851–1904), Prussian colonel
-
Klaus Reinhardt (1941–2021), German general
-
August Otto Rühle von Lilienstern (1780–1848), Prussian lieutenant general
-
Sigismund von Schlichting (1829–1909), Prussian general
-
Alfred von Schlieffen (1833–1913), Prussian field marshal
-
Samuel von Schmettau (1682–1751), Prussian field marshal
-
Rudolf Schmidt (1886–1957), German general
-
Friedrich von Sohr (1775–1845), Prussian colonel
-
Christoph Ludwig von Stille (1696–1752), Prussian general
-
Günther Tamaschke (1896–1959), Nazi SS concentration camp commandant
-
Carl Friedrich Heinrich, Graf von Wylich und Lottum (1767–1841), Prussian general
Scientists
-
Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich (1806–1886), mineralogist and geologist.
[17]
-
Franz Karl Achard (1753–1821), chemist, geoscientist, physicist and biologist.
[18]
-
Michael Albeck (born 1934), Israeli chemist; President of
Bar-Ilan University
-
Friedrich Eduard Beneke (1798 – ca.1854), psychologist and philosopher.
[19]
-
Emil du Bois-Reymond (1818–1896), physiologist and public intellectual.
[20]
-
Max Delbrück (1906–1981), biophysicist
-
Paul Erman (1764–1851), a Huguenot physicist.
[21]
-
Hermann von Helmholtz (1821–1894), philosopher, physiologist and physicist.
[22]
-
Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld (1921–2015), Dutch astronomer
-
Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), geographer, naturalist, explorer, and influential proponent of Romantic philosophy and science.
[23]
-
Julius Klaproth (1783–1835), orientalist, explorer, historian and ethnographer.
[24]
-
Edmund Landau (1877–1938), mathematician
-
Paul Langerhans (1847–1888), pathologist, physiologist, and biologist
-
Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn (1711-1756), physician
-
Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1709–1782), chemist.
[25]
-
Bernhard Hermann Neumann (1909–2002), mathematician
-
Peter Simon Pallas (1741-1811), naturalist, botanist and zoologist.
[26]
-
Wolf-Dieter Schneider (born 1942), German metallurgist and university professor
-
Alfred Wegener (1880–1930), polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist
-
Adolf Windaus (1876–1959), chemist who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1928
-
Carl Gustav Witt (1866–1946), astronomer and discover of two asteroids
-
Konrad Zuse (1910–1995), civil engineer, inventor and computer pioneer
Judges and lawyers
-
Heinz Drossel (1916–2008), judge, was honored as
Righteous Among the Nations
-
Eduard Gans (1797–1839), jurist.
[27]
-
Rudolf von Gneist (1816–1895), jurist and politician.
[28]
-
Wilhelm Heinrich von Grolman (1781–1856), lawyer, Berlin Court of Appeal president (the "righteous judge")
-
Fritz Oppenheimer (1898–1968), lawyer
-
Jutta Limbach (1934–2016), President of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany from 1994 to 2002, as the first woman in this office
-
Hans-Jürgen Papier (born 1943), President of the
Federal Constitutional Court s 2002–2010
Theologians
Authors, historians, journalists, scholars and philosophers
-
Achim von Arnim (1781–1831), author, poet and novelist.
[30]
-
Gisela von Arnim (1827–1889), author
-
Bernd-Rainer Barth (born 1957), historian and publicist
-
Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (1714–1762), philosopher.
[31]
-
Heinrich Becker (1770–1822), actor.
[32]
-
Walter Benjamin (1892–1940), philosopher
-
Ludwig Borchardt (1863–1938),
Egyptologist
-
Adolf Brand (1874-1945), writer
-
Gottfried Gabriel Bredow (1773–1814), historian.
[33]
-
Heinrich Brugsch (1827–1894), Egyptologist.
[34]
-
Friedrich von Canitz (1654-1699), poet and diplomat.
[35]
-
Hoimar von Ditfurth (1921–1989), physician, writer and journalist
-
Georg Ebers (1837–1898), Egyptologist.
[36]
-
Ernst Ehrlich (1921–2007), German-Swiss Judaic scholar and historian
-
Joachim Fest (1926–2006), historian, journalist and author
-
Paul Friedlander (1882–1968), philologist and writer
-
Kurt Großmann (1897-1972, journalist
-
Hans Gustav Güterbock (1908–2000),
Hittitologist
-
Hans von Hentig (1887–1974), criminologist
-
Kurt Hiller (1885-1972), writer, journalist and essayist
-
Gerald Holton (born 1922), science historian and physicist
-
Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767-1835), philosopher, linguist, government functionary, diplomat, and founder of the Humboldt University of Berlin.
[37]
-
Maybrit Illner (born 1965), journalist
-
Robert Jungk (1913–1994), writer, journalist and futurist
-
Manuela Kay (born 1964), journalist and writer
-
Klemens von Klemperer (1916–2012), historian
-
Luise Kraushaar (1905–1989), historian
-
Bernhard von Kugler (1837–1898), historian
-
Günther von Lojewski (1935–2023), journalist
-
Wolf von Lojewski (born 1937), journalist
-
Herbert Marcuse (1898–1979), German-
American philosopher, political scientist and sociologist
-
Erich Maschke (1900–1982), historian and professor of history
-
Hildegard Maria Nickel (born 1948), sociologist specializing in gender studies
-
Franz Oppenheimer (1864–1943), sociologist and economist
-
Iris Radisch (born 1959), journalist
-
Peter Rüchel (1937–2019), music journalist
-
Hajo Seppelt (born 1963), journalist
-
Georg Simmel (1858–1918), sociologist, philosopher
-
Gabor Steingart (born 1962), journalist and author
-
Ludwig Tieck (1773–1853), poet, translator, editor, novelist.
[38]
-
Kurt Tucholsky (1890-1935), journalist and writer
-
Rahel Varnhagen (1771–1833), writer and prominent salon host.
[39]
-
Theodor Wolff (1868-1943), journalist and writer
Actors, architects, artists, comedians, directors and singers
-
Ken Adam (1921–2016) set designer
-
Nadja Auermann (born 1971), supermodel
-
Die Ärzte band members,
Farin Urlaub and
Bela B
-
Peer Augustinski (1940–2014), actor
-
Hugo Egon Balder (born 1950), actor and comedian
-
Mario Barth (born 1972), comedian
-
Karl Becker (1820-1900), painter
-
Reinhold Begas (1831–1911), sculptor.
[40]
-
Michael Ballhaus (1935–2017), cinematographer
-
Tim Bendzko (born 1985), singer-songwriter
-
Dagmar Berghoff (born 1943), actress, radio and television presenter
-
Folker Bohnet (1937–2020), actor, theatre director and playwright
-
Horst Buchholz (1933–2003), actor
-
Buddy, singer
-
Karl August Devrient (1797–1872), stage actor.
[41]
-
Ludwig Devrient (1784–1832), actor.
[42]
-
Marlene Dietrich (1901–1992), singer and actress
-
Christoph von Dohnányi (born 1929), conductor
-
Angelica Domröse (born 1941), actress
-
Caroline Fischer (born 1984), pianist
-
Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (1925–2012)
-
Klaus Doldinger (born 1936), saxophonist
-
Elton (born 1971), comedian and television presenter
-
Alexander Fehling (born 1981), actor
-
Hansjörg Felmy (1931–2007), actor
-
Julia Franck (born 1970), writer
-
Naomi Frankel (1918–2009), novelist
-
Peter Frankenfeld (1913–1979), comedian, radio and television personality
-
Liv Lisa Fries (born 1990), actress
-
Claus Theo Gärtner (born 1943), actor
-
Bonaventura Genelli (1798–1868), painter.
[43]
-
Götz George (1938–2016), actor
-
Kurt Gerron (1897-1944), actor
-
Valeska Gert (1892–1978), dancer and cabaret artist
-
Walter Gronostay (1906-1937), composer
-
Walter Gropius (1883–1961), architect
-
Georg Grosz (1893–1959), painter
-
Nina Hagen (born 1955), singer
-
Karoline Herfurth (born 1984), actress
-
Judith Hermann (born 1970), writer
-
Paul Heyse (1830–1914), writer, novelist, dramatist and poet.
[44]
-
Martina Hill (born 1974), actress
-
Margot Hielscher (1919–2017), actress
-
Alfred Hirschmeier (1931-1996), film production designer
-
Marta Husemann (1913-1960), actress, communist and resistance fighter
-
Harald Juhnke (1929–2005) actor, singer, comedian and entertainer
-
Roland Kaiser (born 1952), singer
-
Nastassja Kinski (born 1961), actress
-
Johanna von Koczian (1933–2024), actress
-
Wolfgang Kohlhaase (1931–2022), screenwriter and film director
-
Hildegard Knef (1925–2002) singer and actress
-
Asuman Krause (born 1976) German-Turkish singer, model and TV personality
[45]
-
Hardy Krüger (1928–2022), actor
-
Fritz Kühn (1910-1967), visual artist
-
Peer Kusmagk (born 1975), actor
-
Paul Landers (born 1964), musician of band Rammstein
-
Maria Landrock (1923-1992), actress
-
Kevyn Lettau (born 1959), singer jazz
-
Max Liebermann (1847–1935), painter.
[46]
-
Paul Lincke (1866–1946), composer and theatre conductor
-
Christian Lorenz (born 1966), musician of band Rammstein
-
Albert Lortzing (1801–1851), composer, librettist, actor and singer.
[47]
-
Ernst Lubitsch (1892–1947), film director, producer, writer, and actor
-
Florian Lukas (born 1973), actor
-
Markus Majowski (born 1964), actor and comedian
-
Giacomo Meyerbeer (1791–1864), an opera composer.
[48]
-
Inge Meysel (1910–2004), actress
-
Helmut Newton (born Helmut Neustädter) (1920–2004), photographer
-
Désirée Nick (born 1956), actress and writer
-
Erik Ode (1910-1983), actor and film director
-
Gerd Oswald (1919-1989), film director
-
Kerstin Ott (born 1982), singer
-
Johann Christoph Pepusch (1667–1752), composer, lived in England.
[49]
-
Oliver Petszokat (born 1978), singer
-
Günter Pfitzmann (1924–2003), actor
-
Hans Poelzig (1864–1936), architect
-
André Previn (1929–2019), pianist, conductor and composer
-
Jürgen Prochnow (born 1941), actor
-
Rammstein band members,
Paul Landers, bassist
Oliver Riedel, drummer and keyboardist
Christian Lorenz
-
Ivan Rebroff (1931-2008), singer
-
Leni Riefenstahl (1902–2003), photographer, film director, producer, screenwriter and editor
-
Marianne Rosenberg (born 1955), singer
-
Hans Rosenthal (1925–1987), radio editor, director, and radio and television host
-
Erna Sack (1898-1972), soprano singer
-
Tom Schilling (born 1982), actor
-
Wilhelm Schirmer (1802–1866), painter.
[50]
-
Cornelia Schleime (born 1953), painter, performer, filmmaker and author
-
Jörn Schlönvoigt (born 1986), actor and singer
-
Christoph Schneider (born 1966), musician of Band Rammstein
-
Louis Schneider (1805–1878), actor and author.
[51]
-
Klaus Schulze (1947–2022), electronic music pioneer, composer and musician
-
Tomer Sisley (born 1974), Israeli humorist, actor, screenwriter, comedian, and film director
-
Max Skladanowsky (1863-1939), early filmmaker and co-inventor of Bioscop
-
Elke Sommer (born 1940), actor
-
Detlef Soost (born 1970), dancer, choreograph and TV-presenter
-
Ingrid Steeger (1947–2023), actress and comedian
-
Carl Steffeck (1818-1890), painter
-
Hermann Struck (1876-1944), painter
-
Katrin Lea Tag (born 1972), scenic designer and costume designer
-
Katharina Thalbach (born 1954), actress
-
Christian Thielemann (born 1959),conductor
-
Sophia Thomalla (born 1989), actress
-
Nora Tschirner (born 1981), actress
-
Kurt Tucholsky, (1890–1935), writer
-
Michael Verhoeven (born 1938), actor
-
Otto Wallburg (1889-1944), actor
-
Volker Wangenheim (1928–2014), conductor, composer and academic teacher
-
Jonathan Elias Weiske (born 1996), film and television actor, and voice actor
-
Dana Wynter (1931-2011), actress
-
Jing Xiang (born 1993), actress
-
Rolf Zacher (1941–2018), actor
-
Claus Theo Gärtner (born 1943), actor
Sportspeople
-
Rudi Ball (1911–1975), Olympic and Hall of Fame ice hockey player
-
Muhamed Bešić (born 1992), footballer who plays for the
Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team.
-
Jérôme Boateng (born 1988), football player and 2014 FIFA World Cup winner
-
Kevin-Prince Boateng (born 1987), footballer
-
Guido Buchwald (born 1961), footballer
-
Karim Darwiche (born 1998), Lebanese international footballer
-
Sven Felski (born 1974), ice hockey coach
-
Gottfried Fuchs (1889–1972), German-Canadian Olympic soccer player
-
Niels Giffey (born 1991), basketball player, two-time NCAA champion and 2023 FIBA World Cup winner
-
Thomas Häßler (born 1966), footballer and 1990 FIFA World Cup winner
-
Robert Harting (born 1984), discus thrower
-
Heinz Henschel (1920–2006), German Ice Hockey Hall of Fame, and IIHF Hall of Fame inductee
-
Achim Hill (1935-2015), German rower
-
Robert Huth (born 1984), footballer
-
Gustav Jaenecke (1908–1985), Olympic ice hockey player
-
Patrick Jahn (born 1983), German footballer
-
Carsten Keller (born 1939), field hockey player and gold medalist at the
1972 Summer Olympics, father of
Andreas Keller,
Natascha Keller and
Florian Keller
-
Max Kepler (born 1993), baseball player for the
Minnesota Twins of the
MLB
-
Henry Laskau (1916–2000), track and field athlete
-
Pierre Littbarski (born 1960), footballer
-
Laura Ludwig (born 1986), beach volleyballer
-
Ingeborg Mello (1919–2009), track and field athlete
-
Jonas Müller (born 1995), ice hockey player and silver medalist at the
2018 Winter Olympics
-
Hassan Oumari (born 1986), footballer
-
Joan Oumari (born 1988), footballer
-
Claudia Pechstein (born 1972), speed skater
-
Ellen Preis (Ellen Müller-Preis) (1912–2007), German-born Austrian Olympic champion foil fencer
-
Daniel Prenn (1904–1991), Russian-born German, Polish, and British world-top-ten tennis player
-
Nyara Sabally,
WNBA player
-
Otto Scheff (1889–1956), Olympic swimmer
-
Gustav Scholz (1930–2000), boxer
-
Jochen Schümann (born 1959), sailor and Olympic champion
-
Amar Sejdić (born 1996), American soccer player for
Atlanta United FC of the
MLS
-
Hagen Stamm (born 1960), water polo player
-
Ulf Timmermann (born 1962), shot putter
-
Franziska van Almsick (born 1978), swimmer and sport journalist
-
Franz Wagner (born 2001), basketball player for the
Orlando Magic and 2023 FIBA World Cup winner
-
Moritz Wagner (born 1997), basketball player for the Orlando Magic and 2023 FIBA World Cup winner
-
Katarina Witt (born 1965), figure skater and two-time Olympic champion
-
Christian Ziege (born 1972), footballer
Others
-
Erna Barschak (1888-1958), teacher and psychologist
-
Bärbel Bohley (1945-2010), opposition figure and artist
-
Harald Braem (born 1944), writer, designer and professor
-
Gabriele von Bülow (1802–1887), noblewoman
-
Margot Dreschel (1908–1945), Nazi concentration camp guard executed for war crimes
-
Käthe Niederkirchner (1909-1944), communist and resistance fighter
-
Horst Fischer (1912–1966), SS concentration camp doctor executed for war crimes
-
Heinz Kapelle (1913-1941), communist and resistance fighter
-
Elisabeth Lupka (1902–1949), Nazi concentration camp guard executed for war crimes
-
Lars Mittank (born 1986), man who went missing in
Varna, Bulgaria in 2014
-
Rosalie von Rauch (1829-1879), German noblewoman
-
Karl-Eduard von Schnitzler (1918-2001), communist propagandist
See also
References
-
^
"Ancillon, Johann Peter Friedrich" .
Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 951.
-
^
"Graf Bernstorff, Berthold Hartwig Arthur, geb. am 21.01.1842 in Berlin". Datenbank der deutschen Parlamentsabgeordneten (in German). Retrieved 8 March 2022.
-
^
Sime, James;
Phillips, Walter Alison (1911).
"Frederick II. of Prussia" .
Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). pp. 52–56.
-
^
"Frederick William of Brandenburg" .
Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 67–68.
-
^ Hashagen, Justus (1911).
"Frederick William I. of Prussia" .
Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). pp. 63–64.
-
^
"Frederick William II. of Prussia" .
Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 64–65.
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^
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