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This is a list of equipment used by the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.

Infantry weapons

Name Image Origin Type Information
Assault rifle and battle rifle
AK-74 [1]   Soviet Union Assault rifle
AK-47 [2] [3]   Soviet Union Assault rifle
AKM [4]   Soviet Union Assault rifle
AKMS [3]   Soviet Union Assault rifle
SKS [2]   Soviet Union Semi-automatic rifle
Mosin-Nagant   Soviet Union Bolt-action rifle First supplied to Afghanistan on Lenin's orders in 1919 [5]
Submachine gun
Heckler & Koch MP5SD   West Germany Submachine gun Unknown number ordered from West Germany prior to the Saur Revolution. Used by Hafizullah Amin's security detail in Storm-333. [6]
PPSh-41 [3]   Soviet Union Submachine gun Phased out by 1980, were handed out to government militias. [7]
Sniper rifle
SVD   Soviet Union Designated marksman rifle Used during the Battle of Jalalabad [8]
Machine guns
SG-43   Soviet Union Medium machine gun [ citation needed]
DShK [3] [2]   Soviet Union Heavy machine gun
KPV heavy machine gun   Soviet Union Heavy machine gun [ citation needed]
Degtyaryov machine gun   Soviet Union Light machine gun DTM variant used. [3]
RP-46 [3]   Soviet Union Light machine gun
RPD [3] [2]   Soviet Union Light machine gun
RPK [3]   Soviet Union Light machine gun
PK   Soviet Union General-purpose machine gun PKM and PKS variant used. [3] [5]
ZB-26 [3]   Czechoslovakia General-purpose machine gun
Grenade launcher
GP-25 [1]   Soviet Union Grenade launcher
AGS-17   Soviet Union Automatic Grenade Launcher [ citation needed]
Pistol
Makarov PM   Soviet Union Semi-automatic pistol Used by officers. [9]
Tokarev TT-33 [2]   Soviet Union Semi-automatic pistol Were handed out to government militias. [7]
Walther P38   Nazi Germany Semi-automatic pistol [ citation needed]
Stechkin   Soviet Union Machine pistol [ citation needed]

Anti-tank

Name Photo Type Origin Caliber Quantity Notes
RPG-7 [3] Rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 40mm
RPG-16 [10] Rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 58mm
B-10 recoilless rifle [2] Recoilless rifle   Soviet Union 82mm
SPG-9 [3] Recoilless gun   Soviet Union 73mm

Anti-Tank Missile

Name Photo Type Origin Caliber Quantity Notes
3M6 Shmel Anti-tank missile   Soviet Union 136mm [2]
9M14 Malyutka Anti-tank missile   Soviet Union 125mm Some mounted on Mi-24s and BMP-1s. [11]
9M17 Fleyta Anti-tank missile   Soviet Union 148mm Mounted on Mi-24A helicopters. [11]
9K111 Fagot Anti-tank missile   Soviet Union 120mm Mounted on BMP-2s. [11]

Surface-to-air missile

Name Photo Type Origin Caliber Quantity Notes
9K32 Strela-2 [12] Man-portable air-defense system   Soviet Union 72mm
9K34 Strela-3 Man-portable air-defense system   Soviet Union 72mm 100 [11] Possibly included with supplied Mi-24 gunships. [11]
S-75 Dvina Fixed SAM launcher   Soviet Union 700mm 18 launchers [12] 3 battalions operated by the Air Force. [12]
S-125 Neva Fixed SAM launcher   Soviet Union 375mm 12 launchers [12] 3 battalions with quad launchers operated by the Air Force. [12]
9K35 Strela-10 Mobile SAM launcher   Soviet Union 120mm 16+ launchers [12] Operated by the Army [12]

Uniform

Name Image Origin Type Information
Military uniform
SSh-68   Soviet Union Combat helmet Main service helmet [13]
Stahlhelm   German Empire
  Austria-Hungary 		Combat helmet Austro-Hungarian M1918 helmets purchased from Czechoslovakia in the 1930s, they were occasionally worn during parades. [14]
TTsKO   Soviet Union Combat uniform Initially issued to officers and special units, entered main stream adoption in the late 80s and early 90s. [15][ failed verification] [16][ failed verification]
KLMK   Soviet Union Combat uniform Issued to commando paratroopers, officers [17] and KHAD operatives
Flak jacket   Soviet Union Ballistic vest provided by the KGB to Afghan units tasked with rescuing Adolph Dubs. [18] [19] 6b2 and ZHZL-74 body armor used by Sarandoy special purpose units.
Ushanka   Soviet Union
  Democratic Republic of Afghanistan 		Fur cap Usually worn without a insignia[ citation needed]

Armored fighting vehicles

Name Image Origin Type Number
Tanks
T-34   Soviet Union Medium tank 175+ [11]
T-54/T-55   Soviet Union Main battle tank 1000+ [20]
T-62   Soviet Union Main battle tank 500+ [20]
PT-76   Soviet Union Light tank 60 [21]
Armoured fighting vehicles
BTR-152 [21]   Soviet Union Armoured personnel carrier Unknown [22]
BTR-60   Soviet Union Armoured personnel carrier 200+ [20]
BTR-80   Soviet Union Armoured personnel carrier 250+ [20]
BRDM-2   Soviet Union Scout car 1000+ [20]
BMP-1   Soviet Union Infantry fighting vehicle 129+ [20]
BMP-2 [23]   Soviet Union Infantry fighting vehicle 100+ [20]

Unarmored vehicles

Name Image Origin Type Number
GAZ-66 [24]   Soviet Union Medium truck Unknown
GAZ-69 [24]   Soviet Union Light utility vehicle Unknown
UAZ-469 [24]   Soviet Union Light utility vehicle Unknown
Ural-375 [25]   Soviet Union Medium truck Several thousand.[ citation needed]
ZIL-157 [24]   Soviet Union Medium truck Unknown

Artillery

Name Image Origin Type Number
Mortar
M1938   Soviet Union Mortar 2000+ [20]
PM-43   Soviet Union Mortar 2000+ [20]
Towed artillery
122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30)   Soviet Union Howitzer 400+ [26] [20]
Multiple rocket launcher
BM-21 Grad [25]   Soviet Union Self-propelled multiple rocket launcher Unknown number in services [20] [27]
BM-27 Uragan   Soviet Union Multiple rocket launcher Unknown number in services [20]
Type 63 multiple rocket launcher [28]   China Multiple rocket launcher Unknown number captured from Mujahadeen[ citation needed]
BM-13   Soviet Union Self-propelled multiple rocket launcher 50 BM-13-16s in 1989. [21]
Tactical ballistic missiles
RT-17 Scud (Scud-B and Scud-C variants) [29]   Soviet Union Tactical ballistic missile 43+ launchers and 2000+ missiles [29] [30][ page needed] [31]
9K52 Luna-M   Soviet Union Tactical ballistic missile 10 [32]
Anti-aircraft
KS-19   Soviet Union Towed anti-aircraft gun Unknown [12]
52-K   Soviet Union Towed anti-aircraft gun Unknown [12]
AZP S-60   Soviet Union Towed anti-aircraft gun Unknown [12]
61-K   Soviet Union Towed anti-aircraft gun Unknown [12]
ZU-23-2   Soviet Union Anti-aircraft twin-barreled autocannon Unknown [12]
ZPU   Soviet Union Anti-aircraft Unknown number of ZPU-1, ZPU-2, ZPU-4 guns. [12]
ZSU-23-4 Shilka   Soviet Union Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun 20 [21]

Aircraft

Fixed wing

Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
Combat aircraft
MiG-21   Soviet Union Fighter aircraft 45+ [33] MiG-21FLs, MiG-21PFMs, and MiG-21bis variants [34]
MiG-17   Soviet Union Fighter aircraft 90+ [35] Mostly grounded by the end of the 1980s. [34]
MiG-27   Soviet Union Ground-attack aircraft unknown [36]
MiG-23   Soviet Union Fighter-bomber 15 [21]
Su-22 [34]   Soviet Union Fighter-bomber at least 45 by 1984 Su-22UM-2/UM3 and Su22M-3/4 Variants [34]
Su-7s and Su-17s   Soviet Union Fighter-bomber 60+ [37] Su-7s mostly phased out by 1989. [34]
Il-28s [38]   Soviet Union Medium bomber 54+ [39] [40] In limited service, mostly replaced by the Su-17 and Su-22 [34]
Transport aircraft
Antonov An-32 [34]   Soviet Union Military transport aircraft at least 6 in 1987 [41]
Antonov An-26, Antonov An-24, and Antonov An-2   Soviet Union Military transport aircraft 40+ [38]
Antonov An-12 [34]   Soviet Union medium-range transport aircraft
Trainer aircraft
Aero L-29 Delfín   Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Trainer aircraft 18 [21]
MiG-15UTI   Soviet Union Trainer aircraft 6 [21]
MiG-19   Soviet Union Fighter aircraft 20 [21]
MiG-21U   Soviet Union Trainer aircraft 18 [21]
Yak-11   Soviet Union Trainer aircraft Unknown [21]
Yak-18   Soviet Union Trainer aircraft Unknown [21]

Helicopters

Name Image Origin Type Number
Military helicopters
Mil Mi-35 [34]   Soviet Union Attack helicopter
Mil Mi-24   Soviet Union Attack helicopter 46 [38]
Mil Mi-17   Soviet Union Utility helicopter 35 [21]
Mil Mi-8   Soviet Union
 Utility helicopter 104 [38]
Mil Mi-4 [42]   Soviet Union Transport helicopter 12 [21]
Mil Mi-2   Soviet Union Helicopter

References

  1. ^ a b Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Afghanistan: International responsibility for human rights disaster". Refworld. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Hogg, Ian Vernon (1988). Jane's Infantry Weapons: 1988/89. Jane's Yearbooks. p. 766. ISBN  978-0710608574.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Isby 2013.
  4. ^ Isby 2013, pp. 25–26.
  5. ^ a b Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan (Men-at-Arms). Osprey. p. 35. ISBN  9780850456912.
  6. ^ Galeotti, Mark (2021-03-23). Storm-333: KGB and Spetsnaz seize Kabul, Soviet-Afghan War 1979. Mark Stacey, Johnny Shumate. Osprey Publishing. pp. 57−58. ISBN  978-1-4728-4187-2.
  7. ^ a b В. В. Твиров. Дневник переводчика // Афганистан болит в моей душе… Воспоминания, дневники советских воинов, выполнявших интернациональный долг в Афганистане / лит. запись П. Ткаченко. М., «Молодая гвардия», 1990. стр. 233–234
  8. ^ Shevchenko, Nikolay (2020-07-03). "What was the Soviet war in Afghanistan like? (PHOTOS)". Russia Beyond. Retrieved 2024-02-21.
  9. ^ Isby 2013, pp. 109−110.
  10. ^ Rottman, Gordon L. (15 March 2011). The Rocket Propelled Grenade. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 33−35. ISBN  978-1-84908-154-2.
  11. ^ a b c d e f "Trade Registers". Archived from the original on 5 August 2009. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Cullen, Tony; Foss, Christopher F. (1992). Jane's land-based air defence: 1992-93. Jane's Information Group. p. 293. ISBN  978-0-7106-0979-3.
  13. ^ "From Behind the Iron Curtain: Communist Bloc Helmets". Military Trader/Vehicles. Retrieved 2023-07-31.
  14. ^ Isby 2013, pp. 106–107.
  15. ^ Afghan Warlords Seize Kabul Afghanistan 1992 Part-2, retrieved 2023-06-28
  16. ^ Киселев, В. (1989-09-01). "Посол СССР в Республике Афганистан Ю.Воронцов". РИА Новости Медиабанк (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-07-17.
  17. ^ "klmk suit - cheaper.onlinestores2023.ru". cheaper.onlinestores2023.ru. Retrieved 2023-07-31.[ failed verification]
  18. ^ J. Robert Moskin, American Statecraft: The Story of the U.S. Foreign Service (Thomas Dunne Books, 2013), p. 594.
  19. ^ John Prados, Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA (Rowman & Littlefield, 2006), p. 468.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Никитенко Е. Г. (2004). Афганистан: От войны 80-х до прогноза новых войн (10000 экз ed.). Балашиха: Астрель. pp. 130–134. ISBN  5-271-07363-7. {{ cite book}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored ( help)
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Institute for Strategic Studies (1989). The military balance, 1989-1990. London: Brassey's. p. 153. ISBN  978-0080375694.
  22. ^ Isby 2013, p. 25.
  23. ^ "Taliban Army Reinstates Armour Operations In Afghanistan #Shorts". Oryx. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
  24. ^ a b c d Shankar, Colonel C. P. (2015). Military in Pakistan and Afghanistan A Brief History. Neha Publishers & Distributors. p. 202. ISBN  978-9380318851.
  25. ^ a b "Unusual Grad rocket launcher spotted in Afghanistan". VPK. 28 December 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  26. ^ "Disaster At Hand: Documenting Afghan Military Equipment Losses Since June 2021 until August 14, 2021". Oryx Blog.
  27. ^ Limited, Alamy. "Afghan soldiers ride a Soviet-made BM-21 "Grad" truck-mounted 122 mm multiple rocket launcher during a military parade to mark the tenth anniversary of the communist revolution April 26, 1988 in Kabul, Afghanistan. The communist regime took power in a revolt known as the Saur Revolution backed by the Soviet Union Stock Photo - Alamy". www.alamy.com. Retrieved 2023-07-31.
  28. ^ "Chinese-Made 107mm Rockets Are the Workhorses of Insurgencies (and Goons)". VICE. 22 August 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
  29. ^ a b "SS-1 'Scud' (R-11/8K11, R-11FM (SS-N-1B) and R-17/8K14) - Jane's Security News". 2007-12-15. Archived from the original on 15 December 2007. Retrieved 2023-06-18.
  30. ^ Zaloga, Steven J. (2006-02-28). Scud Ballistic Missile and Launch Systems 1955-2005: No. 120. Lee Ray, Jim Laurier (Illustrated ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN  978-1-84176-947-9.
  31. ^ The Most Concentrated Ballistic Missile Campaign Since the V2 Attacks on London..., retrieved 2023-06-17
  32. ^ Jalali, Ali Ahmad (17 March 2017). A Military History of Afghanistan: From the Great Game to the Global War on Terror. University Press of Kansas. pp. 381, 427. ISBN  978-0-7006-2407-2. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
  33. ^ Flight Magazine or The Encyclopaedia of World Air Forces
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i Müller, Lukas (2020). Wings over the Hindu Kush: Air Forces, Aircraft and Air Warfare of Afghanistan, 1989-2001. Helion and Company. p. 10. ISBN  978-1913118662.
  35. ^ Flight Magazine 1990 or The Encyclopaedia of World Air Forces
  36. ^ "Lessons of the Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan | Middle East Policy Council". mepc.org. Retrieved 2023-07-31.
  37. ^ Orbis Publishing Ltd, 'Sukhoi Su-7 'Fitter' – Soviet Sledgehammer, 'Warplane, Vol. 2, Issue 21, p.413. More accurate information will be found in Gordon, Yefim (2004). Sukhoi Su-7/-17/-20-22: Soviet Fighter and Fighter-Bomber Family. Hinckley, UK: Midland Publishing. ISBN  1-85780-108-3.
  38. ^ a b c d Urban, Mark (1988). War in Afghanistan. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan Press. pp. 225–226. ISBN  978-0-333-43263-1.
  39. ^ Goebel, Greg. "Ilyushin Il-28 'Beagle'." Archived 2006-02-21 at the Wayback Machine Air Vectors. Retrieved: 22 August 2011.
  40. ^ "Afghanistan (AFG), World Air Forces - Historical Listings." Archived 2007-01-15 at the Wayback Machine worldairforces.com. Retrieved: 22 August 2011.
  41. ^ Jane's Sentinel Security Assessment, 2001
  42. ^ Isby 2013, pp. 31–32.

Bibliography

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