This is the list of countries by trade-to-GDP ratio, i.e. the sum of exports and imports of goods and services, divided by gross domestic product, expressed as a percentage, based on the data published by World Bank. The trade-to-GDP ratio is also known as the "trade openness index". [1] The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories based upon the ISO standard ISO 3166-1.
List of countries by trade-to-GDP ratio
The following table provides information on exports [2] and imports [3] of goods and services, based on the data published by World Bank, trade openness index, calculated as their sum, and the ratio between exports and imports.
Sorting is alphabetical by country code, according to ISO 3166-1 alpha-3.
| Country/Territory/Region/Group | Exports (% of GDP) |
Imports (% of GDP) |
Trade Openness Index (% of GDP) |
Export/ Import ratio |
Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 WORLD |
30.96% | 30.48% | 61.44% | 1.02 | 2022 |
Aruba |
83.12% | 77.33% | 160.46% | 1.07 | 2022 |
Afghanistan |
14.34% | 37.07% | 51.41% | 0.39 | 2021 |
Angola |
43.42% | 24.75% | 68.17% | 1.75 | 2022 |
Albania |
37.40% | 47.75% | 85.15% | 0.78 | 2022 |
United Arab Emirates |
95.93% | 70.65% | 166.57% | 1.36 | 2020 |
Argentina |
16.30% | 15.35% | 31.65% | 1.06 | 2022 |
Armenia |
50.01% | 50.99% | 101.01% | 0.98 | 2022 |
American Samoa |
46.96% | 77.73% | 124.68% | 0.60 | 2022 |
Antigua and Barbuda |
54.69% | 62.94% | 117.63% | 0.87 | 2022 |
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Australia |
25.43% | 19.71% | 45.14% | 1.29 | 2022 |
Austria |
62.08% | 61.60% | 123.69% | 1.01 | 2022 |
Azerbaijan |
60.05% | 27.03% | 87.08% | 2.22 | 2022 |
Burundi |
4.97% | 23.34% | 28.32% | 0.21 | 2022 |
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Belgium |
95.73% | 97.36% | 193.09% | 0.98 | 2022 |
Benin |
21.65% | 29.28% | 50.93% | 0.74 | 2022 |
Burkina Faso |
31.75% | 33.10% | 64.85% | 0.96 | 2022 |
Bangladesh |
12.88% | 20.90% | 33.78% | 0.62 | 2022 |
Bulgaria |
69.19% | 68.99% | 138.18% | 1.00 | 2022 |
Bahrain |
89.68% | 70.19% | 159.87% | 1.28 | 2021 |
Bahamas |
37.53% | 42.67% | 80.20% | 0.88 | 2022 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
48.25% | 62.04% | 110.28% | 0.78 | 2022 |
Belarus |
63.71% | 57.87% | 121.58% | 1.10 | 2022 |
Belize |
52.37% | 55.58% | 107.95% | 0.94 | 2022 |
Bermuda |
52.35% | 25.98% | 78.33% | 2.01 | 2022 |
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Bolivia |
32.61% | 35.14% | 67.76% | 0.93 | 2022 |
Brazil |
20.05% | 19.29% | 39.34% | 1.04 | 2022 |
Barbados |
35.13% | 43.22% | 78.35% | 0.81 | 2022 |
Brunei Darussalam |
86.39% | 60.58% | 146.97% | 1.43 | 2022 |
Bhutan |
29.20% | 48.38% | 77.58% | 0.60 | 2021 |
Botswana |
43.47% | 42.00% | 85.47% | 1.04 | 2022 |
Central African Republic |
12.30% | 32.93% | 45.23% | 0.37 | 2022 |
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Canada |
33.79% | 33.65% | 67.44% | 1.00 | 2022 |
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Switzerland |
76.94% | 63.23% | 140.17% | 1.22 | 2022 |
Chile |
35.67% | 39.35% | 75.02% | 0.91 | 2022 |
China |
20.68% | 17.47% | 38.14% | 1.18 | 2022 |
Cote d'Ivoire |
24.84% | 27.49% | 52.34% | 0.90 | 2022 |
Cameroon |
19.29% | 22.00% | 41.29% | 0.88 | 2022 |
Congo, Dem. Rep. |
46.19% | 48.97% | 95.16% | 0.94 | 2022 |
Congo |
63.81% | 34.35% | 98.16% | 1.86 | 2022 |
Colombia |
20.58% | 27.78% | 48.37% | 0.74 | 2022 |
Comoros |
12.72% | 35.07% | 47.78% | 0.36 | 2022 |
Cape Verde |
40.96% | 56.71% | 97.67% | 0.72 | 2022 |
Costa Rica |
40.57% | 39.09% | 79.66% | 1.04 | 2022 |
Cuba |
40.01% | 48.79% | 88.80% | 0.82 | 2022 |
Curacao |
63.25% | 92.02% | 155.27% | 0.69 | 2018 |
Cayman Islands |
59.72% | 45.91% | 105.62% | 1.30 | 2020 |
Cyprus |
95.04% | 94.72% | 189.76% | 1.00 | 2022 |
Czechia |
76.45% | 75.48% | 151.93% | 1.01 | 2022 |
Germany |
50.92% | 48.96% | 99.88% | 1.04 | 2022 |
Djibouti |
169.00% | 171.19% | 340.19% | 0.99 | 2022 |
Dominica |
29.19% | 77.77% | 106.96% | 0.38 | 2018 |
Denmark |
70.01% | 58.92% | 128.93% | 1.19 | 2022 |
Dominican Republic |
22.06% | 32.17% | 54.23% | 0.69 | 2022 |
Algeria |
35.34% | 23.71% | 59.04% | 1.49 | 2022 |
Ecuador |
29.17% | 28.52% | 57.69% | 1.02 | 2022 |
Egypt |
15.09% | 21.90% | 36.98% | 0.69 | 2022 |
Eritrea |
18.15% | 29.24% | 47.39% | 0.62 | 2011 |
Spain |
40.87% | 39.66% | 80.54% | 1.03 | 2022 |
Estonia |
85.50% | 86.07% | 171.57% | 0.99 | 2022 |
Ethiopia |
8.25% | 18.32% | 26.57% | 0.45 | 2022 |
Finland |
45.30% | 47.69% | 92.99% | 0.95 | 2022 |
Fiji |
48.07% | 69.19% | 117.26% | 0.69 | 2022 |
France |
34.69% | 38.56% | 73.25% | 0.90 | 2022 |
Faroe Islands |
62.40% | 62.51% | 124.91% | 1.00 | 2022 |
Micronesia |
31.84% | 75.94% | 107.78% | 0.42 | 2022 |
Gabon |
61.38% | 16.60% | 77.99% | 3.70 | 2022 |
United Kingdom |
33.27% | 35.98% | 69.26% | 0.92 | 2022 |
Georgia |
52.91% | 62.73% | 115.64% | 0.84 | 2022 |
Ghana |
34.90% | 35.69% | 70.59% | 0.98 | 2022 |
Guinea |
43.67% | 63.81% | 107.48% | 0.68 | 2022 |
Gambia |
4.57% | 30.77% | 35.34% | 0.15 | 2022 |
Guinea-Bissau |
14.39% | 29.25% | 43.64% | 0.49 | 2020 |
Equatorial Guinea |
51.80% | 35.72% | 87.52% | 1.45 | 2022 |
Greece |
49.14% | 58.86% | 108.00% | 0.83 | 2022 |
Greenland |
35.44% | 49.72% | 85.15% | 0.71 | 2021 |
Guatemala |
19.02% | 35.65% | 54.67% | 0.53 | 2022 |
Guam |
3.04% | 59.89% | 62.93% | 0.05 | 2021 |
Guyana |
84.62% | 109.73% | 194.35% | 0.77 | 2005 |
Hong Kong |
193.86% | 189.93% | 383.79% | 1.02 | 2022 |
Honduras |
41.92% | 69.16% | 111.07% | 0.61 | 2022 |
Croatia |
59.17% | 65.35% | 124.52% | 0.91 | 2022 |
Haiti |
7.24% | 29.29% | 36.53% | 0.25 | 2022 |
Hungary |
91.21% | 95.52% | 186.72% | 0.95 | 2022 |
Indonesia |
24.49% | 20.90% | 45.39% | 1.17 | 2022 |
India |
22.79% | 26.44% | 49.23% | 0.86 | 2022 |
Ireland |
137.09% | 97.18% | 234.27% | 1.41 | 2022 |
Iran |
26.82% | 24.78% | 51.60% | 1.08 | 2022 |
Iraq |
37.68% | 24.41% | 62.10% | 1.54 | 2021 |
Iceland |
46.58% | 46.99% | 93.57% | 0.99 | 2022 |
Israel |
31.73% | 28.78% | 60.50% | 1.10 | 2022 |
Italy |
36.63% | 38.15% | 74.78% | 0.96 | 2022 |
Jamaica |
38.04% | 52.07% | 90.11% | 0.73 | 2019 |
Jordan |
36.67% | 49.15% | 85.82% | 0.75 | 2019 |
Japan |
21.57% | 25.40% | 46.97% | 0.85 | 2022 |
Kazakhstan |
41.78% | 26.33% | 68.11% | 1.59 | 2022 |
Kenya |
12.22% | 21.51% | 33.73% | 0.57 | 2022 |
Kyrgyzstan |
31.60% | 67.27% | 98.88% | 0.47 | 2018 |
Cambodia |
68.34% | 54.85% | 123.19% | 1.25 | 2022 |
Kiribati |
9.63% | 96.27% | 105.90% | 0.10 | 2022 |
South Korea |
48.27% | 48.26% | 96.54% | 1.00 | 2022 |
Kuwait |
53.29% | 44.89% | 98.18% | 1.19 | 2019 |
Laos |
33.21% | 41.88% | 75.09% | 0.79 | 2016 |
Lebanon |
26.03% | 52.80% | 78.83% | 0.49 | 2021 |
Libya |
42.84% | 35.37% | 78.21% | 1.21 | 2019 |
Sri Lanka |
21.48% | 25.04% | 46.52% | 0.86 | 2022 |
Lesotho |
48.34% | 100.85% | 149.19% | 0.48 | 2022 |
Lithuania |
86.85% | 88.86% | 175.70% | 0.98 | 2022 |
Luxembourg |
211.28% | 177.24% | 388.51% | 1.19 | 2022 |
Latvia |
71.99% | 76.52% | 148.50% | 0.94 | 2022 |
Macao |
87.28% | 90.65% | 177.93% | 0.96 | 2022 |
Morocco |
44.81% | 56.31% | 101.12% | 0.80 | 2022 |
Moldova |
41.24% | 69.49% | 110.73% | 0.59 | 2022 |
Madagascar |
30.37% | 39.23% | 69.60% | 0.77 | 2022 |
Mexico |
42.64% | 45.47% | 88.11% | 0.94 | 2022 |
Marshall Islands |
46.27% | 73.67% | 119.94% | 0.63 | 2022 |
North Macedonia |
74.89% | 95.92% | 170.82% | 0.78 | 2022 |
Mali |
29.06% | 39.77% | 68.83% | 0.73 | 2022 |
Malta |
165.29% | 152.45% | 317.75% | 1.08 | 2022 |
Montenegro |
51.53% | 74.37% | 125.90% | 0.69 | 2022 |
Mongolia |
65.06% | 71.27% | 136.33% | 0.91 | 2022 |
Northern Mariana Islands |
14.92% | 62.47% | 77.39% | 0.24 | 2020 |
Mauritania |
49.15% | 54.81% | 103.95% | 0.90 | 2022 |
Mauritius |
56.66% | 62.78% | 119.44% | 0.90 | 2022 |
Malaysia |
76.95% | 69.71% | 146.66% | 1.10 | 2022 |
Namibia |
36.74% | 55.03% | 91.77% | 0.67 | 2022 |
New Caledonia |
21.01% | 37.92% | 58.93% | 0.55 | 2017 |
Niger |
8.72% | 26.58% | 35.30% | 0.33 | 2022 |
Nigeria |
9.24% | 16.92% | 26.17% | 0.55 | 1960 |
Nicaragua |
49.78% | 65.40% | 115.18% | 0.76 | 2022 |
Netherlands |
93.75% | 82.96% | 176.71% | 1.13 | 2022 |
Norway |
55.66% | 27.31% | 82.97% | 2.04 | 2022 |
Nepal |
6.76% | 42.64% | 49.40% | 0.16 | 2022 |
Nauru |
55.50% | 114.83% | 170.33% | 0.48 | 2022 |
New Zealand |
24.24% | 29.56% | 53.81% | 0.82 | 2022 |
Oman |
52.53% | 41.39% | 93.92% | 1.27 | 2021 |
Pakistan |
10.55% | 22.50% | 33.05% | 0.47 | 2022 |
Panama |
41.80% | 45.62% | 87.43% | 0.92 | 2017 |
Peru |
29.32% | 29.09% | 58.41% | 1.01 | 2022 |
Philippines |
28.39% | 44.03% | 72.42% | 0.64 | 2022 |
Papua New Guinea |
72.16% | 58.92% | 131.08% | 1.22 | 2004 |
Poland |
62.69% | 61.25% | 123.93% | 1.02 | 2022 |
Puerto Rico |
52.71% | 45.41% | 98.11% | 1.16 | 2022 |
Portugal |
49.60% | 52.01% | 101.61% | 0.95 | 2022 |
Paraguay |
34.48% | 39.38% | 73.85% | 0.88 | 2022 |
Palestine |
18.54% | 67.36% | 85.90% | 0.28 | 2022 |
French Polynesia |
21.10% | 46.13% | 67.23% | 0.46 | 2022 |
Qatar |
68.44% | 31.54% | 99.98% | 2.17 | 2022 |
Romania |
42.97% | 49.84% | 92.82% | 0.86 | 2022 |
Russian Federation |
28.19% | 15.59% | 43.77% | 1.81 | 2022 |
Rwanda |
22.49% | 38.68% | 61.17% | 0.58 | 2022 |
Saudi Arabia |
40.22% | 23.29% | 63.51% | 1.73 | 2022 |
Sudan |
1.57% | 1.13% | 2.70% | 1.39 | 2022 |
Senegal |
26.96% | 52.91% | 79.87% | 0.51 | 2022 |
Singapore |
186.55% | 150.31% | 336.86% | 1.24 | 2022 |
Solomon Islands |
27.94% | 32.28% | 60.22% | 0.87 | 2020 |
Sierra Leone |
31.88% | 56.22% | 88.09% | 0.57 | 2022 |
El Salvador |
31.18% | 55.62% | 86.80% | 0.56 | 2022 |
San Marino |
184.31% | 158.16% | 342.47% | 1.17 | 2021 |
Somalia |
17.31% | 78.53% | 95.84% | 0.22 | 2022 |
Serbia |
63.84% | 74.81% | 138.65% | 0.85 | 2022 |
South Sudan |
36.65% | 28.90% | 65.55% | 1.27 | 2015 |
Suriname |
52.55% | 38.41% | 90.96% | 1.37 | 2010 |
Slovakia |
99.36% | 104.76% | 204.12% | 0.95 | 2022 |
Slovenia |
94.15% | 91.88% | 186.03% | 1.02 | 2022 |
Sweden |
52.80% | 49.87% | 102.67% | 1.06 | 2022 |
Eswatini |
43.83% | 47.59% | 91.42% | 0.92 | 2022 |
Seychelles |
111.46% | 121.61% | 233.07% | 0.92 | 2022 |
Syria |
24.80% | 73.06% | 97.85% | 0.34 | 2021 |
Chad |
51.19% | 39.57% | 90.76% | 1.29 | 2022 |
Togo |
23.97% | 33.87% | 57.84% | 0.71 | 2022 |
Thailand |
65.78% | 68.10% | 133.88% | 0.97 | 2022 |
Tajikistan |
24.18% | 47.64% | 71.83% | 0.51 | 2021 |
Turkmenistan |
20.56% | 12.50% | 33.06% | 1.65 | 2021 |
Timor-Leste |
55.68% | 41.96% | 97.64% | 1.33 | 2022 |
Tonga |
12.52% | 60.84% | 73.37% | 0.21 | 2021 |
Tunisia |
49.36% | 61.38% | 110.74% | 0.80 | 2022 |
Turkey |
38.58% | 42.59% | 81.17% | 0.91 | 2022 |
Tanzania |
15.42% | 19.60% | 35.02% | 0.79 | 2022 |
Uganda |
12.02% | 22.48% | 34.51% | 0.53 | 2022 |
Ukraine |
35.46% | 52.25% | 87.71% | 0.68 | 2022 |
Uruguay |
31.32% | 25.87% | 57.19% | 1.21 | 2022 |
United States |
10.89% | 14.59% | 25.48% | 0.75 | 2021 |
Uzbekistan |
27.27% | 44.31% | 71.58% | 0.62 | 2022 |
Venezuela |
16.69% | 31.40% | 48.09% | 0.53 | 2014 |
U.S. Virgin Islands |
91.70% | 91.47% | 183.17% | 1.00 | 2021 |
Viet Nam |
93.99% | 91.74% | 185.73% | 1.02 | 2022 |
Vanuatu |
14.82% | 53.69% | 68.51% | 0.28 | 2022 |
Samoa |
12.27% | 52.72% | 64.98% | 0.23 | 2022 |
Kosovo |
38.45% | 71.06% | 109.51% | 0.54 | 2022 |
Yemen |
8.76% | 50.15% | 58.90% | 0.17 | 2018 |
South Africa |
33.54% | 31.52% | 65.06% | 1.06 | 2022 |
Zambia |
40.19% | 29.10% | 69.30% | 1.38 | 2022 |
Zimbabwe |
27.96% | 37.00% | 64.96% | 0.76 | 2022 |
| Pacific island small states | 36.90% | 65.58% | 102.48% | 0.56 | 2022 |
| Least developed countries: UN classification | 22.58% | 31.94% | 54.51% | 0.71 | 2022 |
| Low & middle income (WB) | 26.31% | 25.36% | 51.67% | 1.04 | 2022 |
| Low-income | 21.78% | 36.33% | 58.11% | 0.60 | 2022 |
| Middle-income (WB) | 26.39% | 25.21% | 51.60% | 1.05 | 2022 |
| Lower middle income (WB) | 27.81% | 32.19% | 60.00% | 0.86 | 2022 |
| Upper middle income (WB) | 26.09% | 23.38% | 49.47% | 1.12 | 2022 |
| High-income | 33.92% | 33.82% | 67.73% | 1.00 | 2022 |
| European Union | 56.31% | 54.50% | 110.81% | 1.03 | 2022 |
| OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) | 30.44% | 31.72% | 62.16% | 0.96 | 2022 |
References
- ^ a b Our World in Data. "Trade as a share of GDP". ourworldindata.org. Retrieved 2024-01-10.
- ^ World Bank. "Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2024-01-10.
- ^ World Bank. "Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2024-01-10.