Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes , 14th century
Grandmaster's Palace (Valletta) , 16th-18th centuries
The
Knights Hospitaller operated a wide network of properties in the Middle Ages from their successive seats in
Jerusalem ,
Acre ,
Cyprus ,
Rhodes and eventually
Malta . In the early 14th century, they received many properties and assets previously in the hands of the
Knights Templar .
Middle East
Order properties in the Middle East and Cyprus
Hospitaller commandery of Saint-Jean-d'Acre , 12th-13th centuries
Krak des Chevaliers
Margat
Kingdom of Jerusalem
This includes both the
Kingdom of Jerusalem and its
Vassal entities .
The eponymous hospital, in the
Christian Quarter of
Jerusalem 's neighborhood now known as
Muristan just south of the
Church of the Holy Sepulchre , including the
Church of Saint John the Baptist , 1099–1187.
[1] The Templars also held the
Church of Saint Mary of the Germans for a brief period until 1244.
The
Hospitaller commandery of Saint-Jean-d'Acre , ca. 1130–1187 and 1191–1291; the Hospitallers administered the whole city of
Acre from 1229 to its
fall in 1291 .
Bayt Jibrin (Beth Gibelin ) northwest of
Hebron , 1136–1187
the
Benedictine monastery in Abu Ghosh near Jerusalem, built by the Hospitallers in 1140
Belmont Castle by
Suba near
Jerusalem , 1160s–1187
Aqua Bella (Arabic Khirbat Iqbalā ), now
Ein Hemed west of
Jerusalem
Arsur (Arabic Arsuf , ancient Apollonia) on the coast south of
Netanya , 1261–1268
Qalansawe (Calanson ) inland from
Netanya , 1128–1187 and 1191–1265
Burgata north of Qalansawe, 1248–1265
Tel Dothan (Castellum Beleismum or Chateau Saint-Job ) southwest of
Jenin , in 1187
Qula , northeast of
Ramla , in the 12th century
Cafarlet , now
Kafr Lam south of
Haifa , 1232–1255
Tel Yokneam (Caymont or Cain Mons ) southeast of
Haifa , 1256–1262
Tel Afek (Recordane ) east of
Haifa , 1154–1291
Taibe (Le Forbelet ) in the
Valley of Megiddo , until 1187
Mount Tabor fortress, 1255–1263
Belvoir Castle (Arabic Kawkab al-Hawa ) near the
Sea of Galilee , 1168–1189
Banias (ancient
Caesarea Philippi ) near
Mount Hermon , briefly around 1157
Hunin (Castellum Novum or Chastel Neuf ) at the Northern tip of Israel, also around 1157
County of Tripoli
The
Krak des Chevaliers (Hisn al-Akrad ), the Hospitallers' major fortress in the Levant, 1142–1271
Margat (Marqab ) on the Syrian coast south of
Latakia , the Knights' other major redoubt, 1186–1285
Coliath or La Colée (Qalaat al-Qlaiaat ), near the coast north of Tripoli
Gibelacar (Hisn Ibn Akkar ) in Northern Lebanon, 1170–1203
Chastel Rouge (Qal’at Yahmur ) on the coast just north of the Lebanese-Syrian border, ca. 1177–1289
Arab al-Mulk (Belda or Beaude , in Arabic also Balda al-Milk or Beldeh ) near
Margat , 1160s–1271
Qurfays (Corveis ) also near
Margat , until 1271
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
Aegean Sea Region
The Eastern Mediterranean ca. 1450, with Hospitaller territories in blue
Western Europe
Hospitaller commandries in Europe, ca. 1300
Central European commandries, ca. 1300
Swiss commandries
References to countries below are using 21st-century borders.
France
Grand prieuré de Saint-Gilles [
fr ] in
Saint-Gilles, Gard , 1109–1792
Priory of Saint John [
fr ] in
Paris (before 1130 - early 1790s)
Hospital of the Holy Ghost,
Montpellier , est. 1145
[7]
Château de Condat, Dordogne , since the 12th century
Hospice of Saint John,
Nice
[7]
Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) , initially built by the Hospitallers in the late 12th century
Maison du Temple [
fr ] in
Paris (on the location of the
Square du Temple , transferred from the
Knights Templar in 1313 and held until 1790
Grand prieuré de Toulouse [
fr ] , 1317–1789
Prieuré hospitalier d’Arles [
fr ] , 1562–1792
Maison des chevaliers de Saint-Jean [
fr ] in
Colmar , initially built in 1608
Italy
Hospital of the Holy Sepulchre and Saint John, Pisa, est. 1113
[7]
Ospedaletto in
Verona , from 1154
[7]
Ospedale dei Pellegrini,
Asti , from 1182
[7]
Hospital of San Sepolcro at the
Ponte Vecchio ,
Florence , 1213–1808
[7]
Abbey of Santissima Trinità, Venosa , after 1297
Casa dei Cavalieri di Rodi in
Rome , built in the late 13th century
Hospital of San Giovanni a Maruggio,
Brindisi , from 1300
[7]
San Giovanni di Malta, Venice , transferred from the Templars in 1312
Church of
San Giovannino dei Cavalieri in
Florence
Ospedale dei Pellegrini,
Naples , since 1564
[7]
Ricetta di Malta , Augusta, Sicily, 17th–18th centuries
Iberian Peninsula
Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Poland
Mailberg Castle , Austria, since 1146
Münchenbuchsee Commandery , Switzerland, since 1180
Church of Saint John of Jerusalem outside the walls in
Poznań , Poland, since 1187
Ritterhaus Bubikon near
Rapperswil , Switzerland, since the 1190s
Thunstetten Commandery , Switzerland, since the early 13th century
Maltese Church, Vienna , since 1217
the
Principality of Heitersheim in the
Breisgau , 1262–1806,
Imperial Estate from 1548
Compesières Commandry near
Geneva , Switzerland, since 1270
Sonnenburg, now
Słońsk in Poland, 1426–1945
Ordenspalais in
Berlin , 1738–1811
Kastl Abbey , 1773–1803
Biburg Abbey , 1781–1808
Former Jesuit college and Church of Saint George in
Amberg ,
Bavaria (1782–1808)
Great Britain and Ireland
Scotland
England
Ireland
[8]
Kilmainham Priory & Commandery, Dublin - the Order's former seat in Ireland was demolished and sited within the Royal Hospital Kilmainham campus
Kilmainhamwood Preceptory, Co. Meath (named after the Priory)
Kilmainhambeg Preceptory, Co. Meath (named after the Priory)
Hospital Church in "Any"
Hospital, County Limerick
Church of St. John the Baptist, Johnstown, Co. Kildare
Preceptories of Kilbegs, Kilheel and Tully, Co. Kildare
Preceptory of Mourne, Co. Cork
Preceptory of Kinelekin, Co. Galway
Preceptory of Kilbarry, Co. Waterford
Preceptory of St. John the Baptist in the Ards (founded by Hugh de Lacy)
Preceptory of St. John & St. Brigid, Wexford (founded by William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke)
Preceptory of Ballyheuk, Co. Wexford
Johnstown, also known as Coorthafooka, Co. Kilkenny
former Frankhouses and Liber Hospes in many towns in Ireland e.g. Mullingar and Fore, Co. Westmeath (sites not determined)
N.B. Other properties formerly of the Knights Templar came into the possession of the Knights Hospitaller after 1310.
Tripoli and Malta
After the Ottoman
conquest of Rhodes in 1522 , the Knights made stops in
Candia ,
Messina ,
Bacoli near
Naples , and
Civitavecchia .
Pope Adrian VI provisionally relocated the Order in
Viterbo , where they stayed from 1523 to 1527. Then at the invitation of
Charles III, Duke of Savoy , they moved to
Nice and nearby
Villefranche . On 24 July 1530 in
Bologna ,
Emperor Charles V granted them a new permanent base.
[7]
[9]
[10]
Other locations
Since 1798
Palazzo Malta courtyard, Rome
Magistral villa , Rome
Following the expulsion of the Order from Malta by
Napoleon in 1798, the Order's remnants temporarily relocated in
Messina until 1802,
Catania until 1826, and
Ferrara until 1834.
Gotland was offered to the knights by Sweden in 1806, but they refused as they still hoped to reclaim sovereignty over Malta.
[11] The Order then settled in its long-held properties in
Rome , which were granted extraterritoriality in 1869. In that period it assumed its modern name of
Sovereign Military Order of Malta .
Villa del Priorato di Malta , Rome, Templar property transferred in 1312, with the
Santa Maria del Priorato Church
Palazzo Malta , Rome, acquired in 1630
Church of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Paris [
fr ] , since 1938
Casa dei Cavalieri di Rodi , Rome, since 1946
Villa Pagana in
Rapallo , since 1959
Saint John's Cavalier , part of the
Fortifications of Valletta , leased since 1967 by the Order as its embassy in
Malta
Villa Malta (Cologne) , since 1971
Fort St. Angelo ,
Birgu , Malta (upper part), since 2001
See also the
list of diplomatic missions of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
In Protestant countries
Memorial stone of the Order's original Hospital in
Muristan ,
Jerusalem , erected in 1972 by the
British Order of Saint John
The
Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg) (Johanniter ) had become autonomous in 1538, and was dissolved in 1811. Since restoration in 1852 it has had its seat in
Berlin until
World War II , then
Bad Pyrmont until 1952,
Rolandseck (
Haus Sölling [
de ] ) until 1962,
Bonn until 2001,
Berlin-Lichterfelde until 2004, and since 2004
Potsdam as formal seat even though the main office remains in Lichterfelde. Its activities include the
Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe .
The
British Order of Saint John , formed in 1831 and chartered in 1888, manages several facilities in
Jerusalem under the
Saint John Eye Hospital Group , as well as the international
St John Ambulance network. Its London headquarters, at
St John's Gate, Clerkenwell , hosts the
Museum of the Order of St John .
The
Order of Saint John in Sweden was founded in 1920 following the disruption of the Johanniter in Northern Europe during
World War I . Its headquarters is hosted by the
House of Nobility in
Stockholm .
The
Order of Saint John in the Netherlands was created in 1946 in a similar development following
World War II . It is headquartered at 48
Lange Voorhout in
The Hague .
Johanniter International , a partnership of the four Protestant Orders of St. John and their national charities, was founded in 2000 and is headquartered in
Brussels .
See also
Notes
^ Enrico de Lazaro (5 August 2013).
"Archaeologists Find Impressive Building of Hospitaller Knights in Israel" . SCI News .
^ Dionysios Stathakopoulos (January 2006),
"Discovering a Military Order of the Crusades: The Hospital of St. Sampson of Constantinople" , Viator , 37 : 255–273,
doi :
10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.3017487
^
"The Hospital of the Knights in Rhodes" . Via Gallica .
^ Helen Nicholson (2001). The Knights Hospitaller . Boydell & Brewer. pp. 54–55.
^ Mark Cartwright (24 August 2018).
"Knights Hospitaller" .
World History Encyclopedia .
^
"Corinth" . The Byzantine Legacy .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i Edgar Erskine Hume (1938),
"Medical Work of the Knights Hospitallers of Saint John of Jerusalem" , Bulletin of the Institute of the History of Medicine , 6 (5): 399–466,
JSTOR
44438330
^ Falkiner, C.L. (1906/1907) The Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Ireland. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature. Vol. 26 (1906/1907), pp. 275-317
^
"Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller" . British Museum .
^ Mario Buhagiar (January 2000).
"The Treasure of the Knight Hospitallers in 1530: Reflections and Art Historical Considerations" (PDF) . Peregrinationes . I . Accademia Internazionale Melitense.
^ Stair Sainty, Guy (2000).
"From the loss of Malta to the modern era" . ChivalricOrders.org . Archived from
the original on 6 March 2012.