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Main article: Adena culture

This is a list of Adena culture sites. The Adena culture was a Pre-Columbian Native American culture that started during the latter end of the early Woodland Period (1000 to 200 BCE) . The Adena culture existed from 500 BC into the First Century CE [1]and refers to what were probably a number of related Native American societies sharing a burial complex and ceremonial system. The Adena lived in a variety of locations, including: Ohio, Indiana, West Virginia, Kentucky, and parts of Pennsylvania and New York. [ citation needed]

Site Image Description
Adena Mound (Ross County, Ohio) Adena Mound (Ross County, Ohio) Adena Mound, the type site for the culture, a registered historic structure near Chillicothe, Ohio.
Arledge Mounds I and II An unusual pair of conjoined mounds in the south central part of the state of Ohio, located near Circleville in Pickaway County.
Biggs site Biggs site The site, located in Greenup County, Kentucky, is an earthen mound surrounded by a concentric causewayed circular embankment and ditch. It is connected to the Portsmouth Earthworks directly across the Ohio River in Portsmouth, Ohio. [2] [3]
Conrad Mound Archeological Site Located east of Cleves in Hamilton County, Ohio.
Criel Mound Criel Mound A 35-foot-high (11 m) and 175-foot-diameter (53 m) conical mound, is the second largest of its type in West Virginia. It is located in South Charleston, West Virginia. P. W. Norris of the Smithsonian Institution oversaw the excavation. His team discovered numerous skeletons along with weapons and jewelry. [4]
Dayton Power and Light Company Mound Dayton Power and Light Company Mound Located within the Killen Station power generating plant, east of Wrightsville, Ohio in Adams County, Ohio. [5] Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. [6]
George Deffenbaugh Mound Located northeast of Laurelville in Hocking County, Ohio.
Enon Mound Enon Mound Ohio's second largest conical burial mound, it is believed to have been built by the Adena.
Gaitskill Mound Gaitskill Mound An earthwork attributed to the Adena culture and located in Mount Sterling, Kentucky at coordinates 38°04′21″N 83°57′03″W / 38.072481°N 83.950783°W / 38.072481; -83.950783.
Grave Creek Mound Grave Creek Mound At 69 feet (21 m) high and 295 feet (90 m) in diameter, is the largest conical-type burial mound in the United States. It is located in Moundsville, West Virginia. In 1838, much of the archaeological evidence in this mound was destroyed when several non-archaeologists tunneled into the mound. [4]
Great Mound Located in Section 19 of Madison Township in Butler County, Ohio, with a height of 88 feet (27 m) and a circumference of 511 feet (156 m).
Hansen site Located in near South Portsmouth in Greenup County, Kentucky. The 6-hectare (15-acre) site is on a flood terrace of the Ohio River across from the mouth of the Scioto River, just upstream from the Lower Shawneetown site and the Old Fort Earthworks.

The site was occupied several times over the centuries, with occupations dating from the Late Archaic (2000 BCE), Middle Woodland (300 to 600 CE), and Fort Ancient periods. [7]

Highbanks Metropolitan Park Mounds I and II Two subconical mounds located within Highbanks Metro Park in Delaware County, Ohio. [8]
Horn Mound Located near the village of Tarlton in eastern Pickaway County, Ohio.
Kinzer Mound Located outside of the village of South Salem in Ross County, Ohio.
Luthor List Mound Luthor List Mound Also known as the "Burning Mound" or the "Signal Mound" and located in Pickaway County, Ohio near the city of Circleville along the Kingston Pike, southeast of Circleville in Circleville Township.
Miamisburg Mound Miamisburg Mound Once serving as an ancient burial site, the Mound is the most recognizable landmark in Miamisburg, Ohio. It is the largest conical burial mound in Ohio, and remains virtually intact. Located in a city park at 900 Mound Avenue, it is an Ohio historical site and serves as a popular attraction and picnic destination for area families. The modern addition of stone-masonry steps allows visitors to climb to the top of the mound.
Mound Cemetery (Marietta, Ohio) Mound Cemetery mound, known as the Great Mound or Conus. Mound Cemetery in Marietta, Ohio is an historic cemetery developed around the base of a prehistoric Adena burial mound known as the Great Mound or Conus.
Mounds State Park Mounds State Park Mounds State Park is a state park in Anderson, Indiana, featuring prehistoric Native American heritage, and 10 ceremonial mounds built by the Adena culture people and also used by later Hopewell inhabitants.
Mount Horeb Site 1 Mount Horeb Site 1 The center piece of the University of Kentuckys Adena Park in Fayette County, Kentucky. It is located on a bank 75 feet (23 m) above Elkhorn Creek. It is a perfectly circular 105 feet (32 m) diameter platform, surrounded by a 45 feet (14 m) wide ditch and a 13 feet (4.0 m) wide enclosure with a 33 feet (10 m) wide entryway facing to the west. [9]
Peter Village enclosure Peter Village enclosure Located in Fayette County, Kentucky near the Mount Horeb Site 1. The site as a twenty sided icosogonal polygon 3,767 feet (1,148 m) long with a 15 feet (4.6 m) wide 4 feet (1.2 m) to 8 feet (2.4 m) deep ditch surrounding it. [9]
Odd Fellows' Cemetery Mound Located in the village of Newtown in Hamilton County, Ohio.
Old Maid's Orchard Mound An 8 feet (2.4 m) tall burial mound located near the village of Lithopolis in Fairfield County, Ohio, within the boundaries of Chestnut Ridge Metro Park, [10] in northern Bloom Township. [11]
Orators Mound Orators Mound Located along the Inman Trail of Glen Helen Nature Preserve near Yellow Springs in Greene County, Ohio.
Carl Potter Mound Carl Potter Mound Also known as "Hodge Mound II", is in southeastern Champaign County, Ohio. A very low mound, due to agricultural activity in the past.
Ramey Mound Surviving component of an earthworks complex in Bath County, Kentucky.
Reeves Mound Located in the southeastern part of Ohio, north of the unincorporated community of Alfred, in Meigs County.
Rock Eagle Rock Eagle Effigy Mound In Putnam County, Georgia, sometimes attributed to members of the Adena culture.
Rock Hawk Effigy Mound Rock Hawk Effigy Mound In Putnam County, Georgia, sometimes attributed to members of the Adena culture.
D.S. Rose Mound Also known as the "Holloway Mound", it was in the southwestern part of Ohio, located north of Huntsville in Butler County. Destroyed in 1991.
Ross Trails Adena Circle A registered historic site near Ross, Ohio.
Round Hill Mound Round Hill Mound Earthwork attributed to the Adena culture located in Madison County, Kentucky at Round Hill.
Short Woods Park Mound Located in the Sayler Park neighborhood of the city of Cincinnati, Ohio.
Shrum Mound Earthwork located in Columbus, Ohio.
Snead Mound Located atop a bluff off U.S. Route 52 near the community of Neville in Clermont County, Ohio. It is a conical mound measuring approximately 5 feet (1.5 m) high and 55 feet (17 m) in diameter at the base.
Spruce Run Earthworks Earthwork located in Delaware County, Ohio.
David Stitt Mound Sub-conical mound located near Chillicothe in Ross County, Ohio.
Story Mound (Cincinnati, Ohio) Located in the Sayler Park neighborhood of the city of Cincinnati, Ohio.
Story Mound State Memorial Story Mound is a large, conical burial mound built circa 800 BCE to 100 CE. Originally, it was 25 feet (7.6 m) tall and 125 feet (38 m) in diameter. It is similar in size to the Adena Mound and it is located in Ross County, Ohio about one mile southeast of the Adena State Memorial.
Wamsley Village Burial Mounds Located in Wamsley Village, Ohio in Adams County, Ohio. [5] [12] Archeology was conducted and a number of burials were discovered. [13] The site remains preserved today. [5] Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. [6]
Wolf Plains Group Wolf Plains Group A Late Adena group of 30 earthworks including 22 conical mounds and nine circular enclosures. [14] located a few miles to the northwest of Athens, Ohio.
Zaleski Mound Group Ranger Station Mound of the Zaleski Mound Group A collection of three burial mounds in the village of Zaleski, Ohio.

See also

References

  1. ^ Fagan, Brian M. (2019). Ancient North America: The Archaeology of a Continent (Fifth ed.). London: Thomas & Hudson. pp. 251–255. ISBN  9780500293607.
  2. ^ "Portsmouth Earthworks-Ohio Central History". Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  3. ^ Lewis, R. Barry (1996). Kentucky Archaeology. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN  978-0-8131-1907-6.
  4. ^ a b "Mounds and Mound Builders". Archived from the original on 2008-06-23. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  5. ^ a b c Whitlatch, E. Earl; Aldrich, John A. (August 1980). Energy Facility Siting Procedures Criteria And Public Participation In The Ohio River Basin Energy Study Region (Report). EPA. pp. 60–61. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  6. ^ a b "Dayton Power and Light Company Mound". National Park Service. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  7. ^ Powell, Mary L., ed. (October 1989), Southeastern Archaeological Conference Newsletter (PDF), vol. 31, Southeastern Archaeological Conference, archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-28, retrieved 2010-11-03
  8. ^ Susan L. Woodward; Jerry N. McDonald (2002). Indian Mounds of the Middle Ohio Valley. McDonald and Woodward Publishing. pp.  140–142. ISBN  978-0-939923-72-4.
  9. ^ a b Susan L. Woodward; Jerry N. McDonald (2002). Indian Mounds of the Middle Ohio Valley. McDonald and Woodward Publishing. pp.  109–113. ISBN  0-939923-72-6.
  10. ^ Metro Parks Fact Sheets: The Adena Way of Life Archived 2010-09-28 at the Wayback Machine, Metro Parks, 2004. Accessed 2010-10-30.
  11. ^ DeLorme. Ohio Atlas & Gazetteer. 7th ed. Yarmouth: DeLorme, 2004, 68. ISBN  0-89933-281-1.
  12. ^ "Wamsley Village Site". National Park Service. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  13. ^ Purtill, Matthew (2012). A Persistent Place: A Landscape Approach to the Prehistoric Archaeology of the Greenlee Tract in Southern Ohio. Lulu.com. p. 9. ISBN  978-1105873232.
  14. ^ "The Archaeological Conservancy-2008 Annual Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2010-02-03.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Adena culture.
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