Lewis Temple (22 October 1800 – 18 May 1854) was an American " negro whalecraft maker," [1] blacksmith, abolitionist, and inventor. He was born in slavery in Richmond, Virginia, and moved to the whaling village of New Bedford, Massachusetts during the 1820s, where he worked as a blacksmith. He married Mary Clark in 1829 and they had three children. He is best remembered for the invention of "Temple's Toggle" or "Temple's Iron" which was a harpoon toggle tip based upon Eskimo and Indian harpoon tips brought back to New England by Whalers in 1835. [1] After some trials, whalers took to the improved harpoon as it prevented the whale from pulling free. Temple never patented his invention which resulted in others copying his work and selling it as their own. Temple did live well, enough to build a larger shop. Unfortunately, due to the negligence of a city construction worker, he fell and was injured. He sued the city and won two thousand dollars, which he never received. He died from his injuries in May 1854, aged 53. His profits from the invention went largely to paying off his debts.
See also
References
Citations
Bibliography
- Black History Month Daily Feature: Lewis Temple, Infozine.com website, February 22, 2006. Archived March 15, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- Gary L. Frost. "Lewis Temple." Article in Henry Louis Gates and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, eds. African American Lives (Oxford University Press, 2004), 803–804. ISBN 978-0-19-516019-2.
- Kathryn Grover. The Fugitive's Gibraltar: Escaping Slaves and Abolitionism in New Bedford, Massachusetts (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2001). ISBN 978-1-55849-271-4.
- Spence, Bill. "Harpooned, The Story of Whaling." 1980, Crescent Books. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 79-91692
- Sidney Kaplan. "Lewis Temple and the Hunting of the Whale." The New England Quarterly 26 (March 1953): 78–88
External links
- New Bedford Whaling Museum::Lewis Temple & Harpoons
- "Massachusetts Hall of Black Achievement: Lewis Temple". Massachusetts Hall of Black Achievement. Bridgewater State University. January 1988. Archived from the original on September 17, 2015.
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- 1800 births
- 1854 deaths
- African-American abolitionists
- 19th-century American inventors
- American blacksmiths
- American people in whaling
- 19th-century American slaves
- Abolitionists from New Bedford, Massachusetts
- Accidental deaths from falls
- Accidental deaths in Massachusetts
- People from Richmond, Virginia
- African American stubs