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Canadian psychologist (born 1945)
Leslie Samuel Greenberg (born 30 September 1945) is a Canadian
psychologist born in
Johannesburg ,
South Africa , and is one of the originators and primary developers of
Emotion-Focused Therapy for individuals and couples.
[1] He is a professor
emeritus of
psychology at
York University in
Toronto , and also director of the Emotion-Focused Therapy Clinic in Toronto.
[2] His research has addressed questions regarding
empathy ,
psychotherapy process, the
therapeutic alliance , and
emotion in human functioning.
[1]
Greenberg studied
engineering and worked as an engineer before earning his Ph.D. in psychology from York University in 1975.
[1]
[2] With his mentor
Laura North Rice , who had studied with
Carl Rogers at the
University of Chicago , he began doing psychotherapy process research, attempting to mathematically model therapist–client interactions and using techniques of
task analysis .
[1] He was also influenced early in his career by
Juan Pascual-Leone's neo-Piagetian constructivist model of mind .
[1] His first academic position was at the
University of British Columbia in
counseling psychology , and he completed an
externship at the
Mental Research Institute in California in 1981.
[1] Initially trained in a
client-centered therapy approach, he then trained in
Gestalt therapy and over the years was exposed to many other approaches including
systemic -interactional,
psychodynamic and
cognitive therapy .
[1] He returned to York University in 1986 as professor of psychology.
[1]
Greenberg has published numerous articles and co-authored the major books on emotion-focused approaches to psychotherapy. He is a founding member of the Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration (SEPI) and a past president of the
Society for Psychotherapy Research (SPR), from which he received the Distinguished Research Career Award in 2004.
[1] The
Canadian Psychological Association awarded him the Professional Award for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology as a Profession, and the
American Psychological Association awarded him the
APA Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions to Applied Research and the Carl Rogers Award.
[1] He has been on the editorial board of many psychotherapy journals, including the
Journal of Clinical Psychology ,
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology ,
Journal of Family Psychology ,
Journal of Marital & Family Therapy ,
Journal of Psychotherapy Integration and
Psychotherapy Research .
[3]
Selected publications
Goldman, Rhonda N.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2015). Case formulation in emotion-focused therapy: co-creating clinical maps for change . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781433818202 .
OCLC
878667783 .
Lane, Richard D.; Ryan, Lee;
Nadel, Lynn ; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2015).
"Memory reconsolidation, emotional arousal and the process of change in psychotherapy: new insights from brain science" (PDF) .
Behavioral and Brain Sciences . 38 : e1.
doi :
10.1017/S0140525X14000041 .
PMID
24827452 .
Thoma, Nathan C.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2015). "Integrating emotion-focused therapy into cognitive behavioral therapy". In Thoma, Nathan C.; McKay, Dean (eds.). Working with emotion in cognitive-behavioral therapy: techniques for clinical practice . New York:
Guilford Press . pp. 239–262.
ISBN
9781462517749 .
OCLC
881362948 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.;
McWilliams, Nancy ; Wenzel, Amy (2014). Exploring three approaches to psychotherapy . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781433815218 .
OCLC
830992600 .
McNally, Siobhan; Timulak, Ladislav; Greenberg, Leslie S. (April 2014). "Transforming emotion schemes in emotion focused therapy: a case study investigation". Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies . 13 (2): 128–149.
doi :
10.1080/14779757.2013.871573 .
S2CID
144416617 .
Goldman, Rhonda N.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (March 2013). "Working with identity and self-soothing in emotion-focused therapy for couples".
Family Process . 52 (1): 62–82.
doi :
10.1111/famp.12021 .
PMID
25408090 .
S2CID
9826633 .
Cunha, Carla; Gonçalves, Miguel M.; Hill, Clara E.; Mendes, Inês; Ribeiro, António P.; Sousa, Inês; Angus, Lynne E.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (December 2012). "Therapist interventions and client innovative moments in emotion-focused therapy for depression".
Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training . 49 (4): 536–548.
doi :
10.1037/a0028259 .
hdl :
1822/22714 .
PMID
22731789 .
Geller, Shari M.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2012). Therapeutic presence: a mindful approach to effective therapy . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781433810602 .
OCLC
725827689 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (November 2012). "Emotions, the great captains of our lives: their role in the process of change in psychotherapy".
American Psychologist . 67 (8): 697–707.
doi :
10.1037/a0029858 .
PMID
23163464 .
Angus, Lynne E.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2011). Working with narrative in emotion-focused therapy: changing stories, healing lives . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781433809699 .
OCLC
698451460 .
Elliott, Robert; Bohart, Arthur C.; Watson, Jeanne C.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (March 2011).
"Empathy" .
Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training . 48 (1): 43–49.
doi :
10.1037/a0022187 .
PMID
21401273 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (2011). Emotion-focused therapy . Theories of psychotherapy series. Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781433808579 .
OCLC
655301581 .
Mendes, Inês; Ribeiro, António P.; Angus, Lynne E.; Greenberg, Leslie S.; Sousa, Inês; Gonçalves, Miguel M. (May 2011). "Narrative change in emotion-focused psychotherapy: a study on the evolution of reflection and protest innovative moments".
Psychotherapy Research . 21 (3): 304–315.
doi :
10.1080/10503307.2011.565489 .
hdl :
1822/12711 .
PMID
21480051 .
S2CID
8310760 .
Carryer, Jonathan R.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (April 2010).
"Optimal levels of emotional arousal in experiential therapy of depression" .
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology . 78 (2): 190–199.
doi :
10.1037/a0018401 .
PMID
20350030 .
S2CID
25155062 .
Gonçalves, Miguel M.; Mendes, Inês; Ribeiro, António P.; Angus, Lynne E.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (August 2010). "Innovative moments and change in emotion-focused therapy: the case of Lisa". Journal of Constructivist Psychology . 23 (4): 267–294.
doi :
10.1080/10720537.2010.489758 .
hdl :
10400.24/435 .
S2CID
56448109 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (Winter 2010).
"Emotion-focused therapy: a clinical synthesis" . Focus . 8 (1): 32–42.
doi :
10.1176/foc.8.1.foc32 .
Mendes, Inês; Ribeiro, António P.; Angus, Lynne E.; Greenberg, Leslie S.; Sousa, Inês; Gonçalves, Miguel M. (November 2010). "Narrative change in emotion-focused therapy: how is change constructed through the lens of the innovative moments coding system?".
Psychotherapy Research . 20 (6): 692–701.
doi :
10.1080/10503307.2010.514960 .
hdl :
1822/56645 .
PMID
21154027 .
S2CID
6956522 .
Pascual-Leone, Antonio; Greenberg, Leslie S.; Pascual-Leone, Juan (July 2009). "Developments in task analysis: new methods to study change".
Psychotherapy Research . 19 (4): 527–542.
doi :
10.1080/10503300902897797 .
PMID
20183405 .
S2CID
8357543 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Warwar, Serine H.; Malcolm, Wanda M. (April 2008).
"Differential effects of emotion-focused therapy and psychoeducation in facilitating forgiveness and letting go of emotional injuries" .
Journal of Counseling Psychology . 55 (2): 185–196.
doi :
10.1037/0022-0167.55.2.185 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Goldman, Rhonda N. (2008). Emotion-focused couples therapy: the dynamics of emotion, love, and power . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781433803161 .
OCLC
163614069 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (February 2008). "Emotion and cognition in psychotherapy: the transforming power of affect".
Canadian Psychology . 49 (1): 49–59.
doi :
10.1037/0708-5591.49.1.49 .
Pascual-Leone, Antonio; Greenberg, Leslie S. (December 2007).
"Emotional processing in experiential therapy: why 'the only way out is through' " .
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology . 75 (6): 875–887.
CiteSeerX
10.1.1.452.2569 .
doi :
10.1037/0022-006X.75.6.875 .
PMID
18085905 .
Watson, Jeanne C.; Goldman, Rhonda N.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2007). Case studies in emotion-focused treatment of depression: a comparison of good and poor outcome . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781591479291 .
OCLC
76967189 .
Brinegar, Meredith Glick; Salvi, Lisa M.; Stiles, William B.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (April 2006).
"Building a meaning bridge: therapeutic progress from problem formulation to understanding" .
Journal of Counseling Psychology . 53 (2): 165–180.
doi :
10.1037/0022-0167.53.2.165 .
Frankel, Ze'ev; Levitt, Heidi M.; Murray, David M.; Greenberg, Leslie S.; Angus, Lynne E. (October 2006). "Assessing silent processes in psychotherapy: an empirically derived categorization system and sampling strategy".
Psychotherapy Research . 16 (5): 627–638.
doi :
10.1080/10503300600591635 .
S2CID
143604345 .
Goldman, Rhonda N.; Greenberg, Leslie S.; Angus, Lynne E. (October 2006).
"The effects of adding emotion-focused interventions to the client-centered relationship conditions in the treatment of depression" .
Psychotherapy Research . 16 (5): 537–549.
doi :
10.1080/10503300600589456 .
S2CID
143870091 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Pascual-Leone, Antonio (May 2006).
"Emotion in psychotherapy: a practice-friendly research review" .
Journal of Clinical Psychology . 62 (5): 611–630.
doi :
10.1002/jclp.20252 .
PMID
16523500 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Watson, Jeanne C. (2005). Emotion-focused therapy for depression . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
978-1591472803 .
OCLC
57514665 .
Heatherington, Laurie; Friedlander, Myrna L.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (March 2005).
"Change process research in couple and family therapy: methodological challenges and opportunities" . Journal of Family Psychology . 19 (1): 18–27.
doi :
10.1037/0893-3200.19.1.18 .
PMID
15796649 .
S2CID
20473249 .
Elliott, Robert; Watson, Jeanne C.; Goldman, Rhonda N.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2004). Learning emotion-focused therapy: the process-experiential approach to change . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
978-1591470809 .
OCLC
52554018 .
Whelton, William J.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2004). "From discord to dialogue: internal voices and the reorganization of the self in process-experiential therapy". In Hermans, H. J. M.; Dimaggio, Giancarlo (eds.). The dialogical self in psychotherapy . Hove, East Sussex; New York: Brunner-Routledge. pp. 108–123.
ISBN
978-1583918555 .
OCLC
54858092 .
Elliott, Robert; Bohart, Arthur C.; Watson, Jeanne C.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (2011) [2002]. "Empathy". In
Norcross, John C. (ed.). Psychotherapy relationships that work: evidence-based responsiveness (2nd ed.). New York:
Oxford University Press . pp. 132–152.
ISBN
9780199737208 .
OCLC
663370182 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (2015) [2002]. Emotion-focused therapy: coaching clients to work through their feelings (2nd ed.). Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
9781433819957 .
OCLC
903873710 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (Fall 2002). "Evolutionary perspectives on emotion: making sense of what we feel". Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy . 16 (3): 331–347.
doi :
10.1891/jcop.16.3.331.52517 .
S2CID
144525230 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (June 2002). "Integrating an emotion-focused approach to treatment into psychotherapy integration".
Journal of Psychotherapy Integration . 12 (2): 154–189.
doi :
10.1037/1053-0479.12.2.154 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Watson, Jeanne C.; Lietaer, Germain, eds. (1998). Handbook of experiential psychotherapy . The Guilford family therapy series. New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-1572303744 .
OCLC
39465414 .
Bohart, Arthur C.; Greenberg, Leslie S., eds. (1997). Empathy reconsidered: new directions in psychotherapy . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association .
ISBN
978-1557984104 .
OCLC
36219373 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Paivio, Sandra C. (1997). Working with emotions in psychotherapy . The practicing professional. New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-1572302433 .
OCLC
36705776 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (1996).
"The power of empathic exploration: a process-experiential/gestalt perspective on the case of Jim Brown" . In Farber, Barry A.; Brink, Debora; Raskin, Patricia M. (eds.). The psychotherapy of Carl Rogers: cases and commentary . New York:
Guilford Press . pp.
251–260 .
ISBN
978-1572300644 .
OCLC
35331305 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Watson, Jeanne C. (1996).
"Emotion and cognition in experiential therapy: a dialectical constructivist perspective" . In Rosen, Hugh; Kuehlwein, Kevin T. (eds.). Constructing realities: meaning-making perspectives for psychotherapists . Jossey-Bass social and behavioral science series. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass . pp.
253–274 .
ISBN
978-0787901950 .
OCLC
32969007 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Pascual-Leone, Juan (1995). "A dialectical-constructivist approach to experiential change". In Neimeyer, Robert A.; Mahoney, Michael J. (eds.). Constructivism in psychotherapy . Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association . pp. 169–194.
ISBN
978-1557982797 .
Horvath, Adam O.; Greenberg, Leslie S, eds. (1994). The working alliance: theory, research, and practice . New York: Wiley.
ISBN
978-0471546405 .
OCLC
28749507 .
Johnson, Susan M. ; Greenberg, Leslie S., eds. (1994).
The heart of the matter: perspectives on emotion in marital therapy . New York: Brunner/Mazel.
ISBN
978-0876307410 .
OCLC
30318897 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Rice, Laura North; Elliott, Robert (1993). Facilitating emotional change: the moment-by-moment process . New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-0898629941 .
OCLC
27897484 .
Safran, Jeremy D.; Greenberg, Leslie S., eds. (1991). Emotion, psychotherapy, and change . New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-0898625561 .
OCLC
22665279 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Safran, Jeremy D. (January 1989).
"Emotion in psychotherapy" .
American Psychologist . 44 (1): 19–29.
doi :
10.1037/0003-066X.44.1.19 .
PMID
2930052 .
Daldrup, Roger J.; Beutler, Larry E.; Engle, David E.; Greenberg, Leslie S. (1988). Focused expressive psychotherapy: freeing the overcontrolled patient . New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-0898627299 .
OCLC
18135202 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.;
Johnson, Susan M. (1988).
Emotionally focused therapy for couples . New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-0898627305 .
OCLC
17413289 .
Safran, Jeremy D.; Greenberg, Leslie S.; Rice, Laura N. (Spring 1988).
"Integrating psychotherapy research and practice: modeling the change process" .
Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training . 25 (1): 1–17.
doi :
10.1037/h0085305 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Safran, Jeremy D. (1987).
Emotion in psychotherapy: affect, cognition, and the process of change . Guilford clinical psychology and psychotherapy series. New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-0898620108 .
OCLC
14214819 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (February 1986).
"Change process research" (PDF) .
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology . 54 (1): 4–9.
doi :
10.1037/0022-006X.54.1.4 .
PMID
3958300 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Pinsof, William M., eds. (1986). The psychotherapeutic process: a research handbook . New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-0898626513 .
OCLC
13003288 .
Johnson, Susan M. ; Greenberg, Leslie S. (April 1985). "Differential effects of experiential and problem-solving interventions in resolving marital conflict".
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology . 53 (2): 175–184.
doi :
10.1037/0022-006X.53.2.175 .
PMID
3998245 .
S2CID
14496528 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Safran, Jeremy D. (December 1984). "Integrating affect and cognition: a perspective on the process of therapeutic change". Cognitive Therapy and Research . 8 (6): 559–578.
doi :
10.1007/BF01173254 .
S2CID
21135305 .
Rice, Laura North; Greenberg, Leslie S., eds. (1984). Patterns of change: intensive analysis of psychotherapy process . New York:
Guilford Press .
ISBN
978-0898626247 .
OCLC
8762790 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (1983). "Toward a task analysis of conflict resolution in Gestalt therapy".
Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice . 20 (2): 190–201.
doi :
10.1037/h0088490 .
Greenberg, Leslie S.; Webster, Michael C. (September 1982).
"Resolving decisional conflict by Gestalt two-chair dialogue: relating process to outcome" (PDF) .
Journal of Counseling Psychology . 29 (5): 468–477.
doi :
10.1037/0022-0167.29.5.468 .
Greenberg, Leslie S. (1979). "Resolving splits: use of the two chair technique".
Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice . 16 (3): 316–324.
doi :
10.1037/h0085895 .
Notes
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